口译时事：中国成世行第三大股东

2010-04-27 00:00:00来源：网络

　　2010年上海春季高级口译真题点评
　　2010年上海春季中级口译真题点评
　　世博会志愿者官方定制外语培训讲义

　　The World Bank （世界银行）and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) (国际货币基金组织) ended their Spring Meetings on Sunday, with a solid step in the long-expected （期盼已久的）voice reform（话语权改革）, a cautious note on exit strategy and a call for global cooperation amid uncertain recovery prospects.

　　PS.

　　An exit strategy is a means of escaping one's current situation, typically an unfavourable situation. An organization or individual without an exit strategy may be in a quagmire. At worst, an exit strategy will save face; at best, an exit strategy will peg a withdrawal to the achievement of an objective worth more than the cost of continued involvement.

　　介绍：

　　世界银行（WBG）是世界银行集团的俗称，“世界银行”这个名称一直是用于指国际复兴开发银行(IBRD)和国际开发协会(IDA)。这些机构联合向发展中国家提供低息贷款、无息信贷和赠款。它是一个国际组织，其一开始的使命是帮助在第二次世界大战中被破坏的国家的重建。今天它的任务是资助国家克服穷困，各机构在减轻贫困和提高生活水平的使命中发挥独特的作用。

　　IMF

　　国际货币基金组织（英语：International Monetary Fund，简称：IMF）于1945年12月27日成立，与世界银行并列为世界两大金融机构之一，其职责是监察货币汇率和各国贸易情况、提供技术和资金协助，确保全球金融制度运作正常；其总部设在华盛顿。我们常听到的“特别提款权”就是该组织于1969年创设的。

　　STRIDES IN VOICE REFORM

　　The meetings approved a plan to increase the developing countries' voting power in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) by 3.13 percentage points to 47.19 percent, representing(taking up, acounting for...) a total shift of 4.59 percent to developing and transition countries (转轨国家)since 2008.

　　The move marks "important strides of increasing the voice and influence of developing countries at the World Bank Group," World Bank President Robert Zoellick said at a press conference.

　　"The endorsement of the shift in voting power is crucial （Key, 关键的）for the bank's legitimacy (合法性，合理性)," he added.

　　As a result of the shift, China's voting power has now increased to 4.42 percent from 2.77 percent, the third biggest after the United States and Japan.

　　Brazil's voting power has risen from 2.06 percent to 2.24 percent, and India from 2.77 to 2.91.

　　The meetings also approved a capital （资本金）increase of 86.2 billion U. S. dollars for the IBRD, including 58.4 billion dollars in general capital increase and 27.8 billion dollars in selective capital increase.

　　By increasing its legitimacy through the voice reform and rebuilding its capacity through the capital increase, the World Bank will strengthen its efficiency, effectiveness and accountability to help the world battle the current crisis and meet future challenges, a communique （联合声明joint statement）issued at the end of the meetings said.

　　COUNTRY-SPECIFIC EXITS

　　The meetings concluded that the global recovery has been encouraging and better than expected, but cautioned that recovery has been uneven(不均衡). It called for country-specific exits from stimulus measures.

　　IMF Managing Director Dominique Strauss-Kahn told a press conference on Saturday that the recovery has been faster in Asia and more sluggish（缓慢的） in other parts of the world.

　　"We will continue to work to phase in （introdue...gradually, 逐步引入）country-specific exits from stimulus, recognizing the diverse pace of recovery and potential spillovers （溢出效应）across countries and regions," the IMF's policy-steering body（立法机构）, the International Monetary and Finance Committee (IMFC), said in a communique issued after its meeting.

　　The communique echoed （respond to...）a Friday statement of the G20 finance ministers and central bank governors(G20国财长和央行行长), who said stimulus measures should be maintained in economies where growth is still highly dependent on policy support until the recovery is firmly driven by the private sector （私有经济）and becomes more entrenched（确立，Established）.

　　STRENGTHENING FINANCIAL SECTOR

　　Noting that problems in the financial sector were at the heart of the recent crisis, the IMFC said: "Strengthening financial regulation, supervision, and resilience (原指弹性，这里是指recovery )remains a critical but as yet incomplete task."

　　"We agree to redouble efforts (加倍努力) to forge a collaborative and consistent approach for a stable global financial system that can support the economic recovery," said the IMFC.

　　It said it is looking forward to the completion of reviews under the Financial Sector Assessment Program of countries with systemically important financial systems, and supports continued efforts to map（探测，explore） systemic risks and transmission channels.

　　On the controversial （conflicting, 引发争议的）bank tax, the IMFC said the IMF is working on "a range of options on how the financial sector can make a fair and substantial contribution to cover the burden" of strengthened regulation.

　　SUPPORT TO LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES

　　The participants of the meetings welcomed the recovery in many low-income countries, attributing it to （归功于...）their improved microeconomic frameworks, effective policy responses and the support of the international community.

　　The meetings, however, noted that the crisis has interrupted (阻碍，破坏)progress in attaining the Millennium Development Goals, and called for greater support to poor countries, as the 2015 deadline is approaching.

　　The delegates welcomed the IMF's recent adoption of a framework for mobilization（调动）of loan resources for concessional lending (也称concessional loans, 优惠贷款，让步贷款)to low- income countries, and said the IMF is considering proposals for providing debt relief （债务减免）to countries hit by major disasters such as Haiti.

　　"2010 will see 65 million people added to the lines of poverty（贫困线）. Eighteen million in Africa ... this was inadmissible （法律，不允许的）and that we should push for additional resources, additional support, within IMF, and within other international organizations," said Youssef Boutros-Ghali, the IMFC chairman and Egyptian Minister of Finance.

　　RESCUE FOR GREECE

　　Greece's spiraling (愈演愈烈的)debt crisis was also a major item on the agenda, as the country has asked for the activation （激活，启动）of an EU-IMF bailout plan a day ahead of the Spring Meetings.

　　Addressing the media on Sunday after his meeting with Strauss- Kahn, Greek Finance Minister George Papaconstaninou said negotiations with the IMF for a 15-billion-euro (about 20 billion U.S. dollars) rescue will end rather soon.

　　Strauss-Kahn also said the talks had been very constructive 有建设性的and that he is confident negotiations with Greece will be concluded in time to meet Greece's need.

　　Greece has also asked for a 30-billion-euro aid from the European Union.

　　Papaconstaninou said he has been meeting with European partners as well as the finance ministers of the United States, Brazil, Russia and China, and implied that a deal might be possible in early May.

　　He stressed that Greece has started a three-year restructuring program(重组计划) to regain the confidence （收复，重新博得...）of European partners, the international community and the market.

　　Every item on the reform agenda has been started. The parliament has passed a bill to overhaul (全面检查)the tax system to increase government revenue（收入）. Tough measures have been taken to reduce the wage bill of the public sector by 10 percent in 2010, the minister said.

　　Some of the reforms have started to pay off, he said, as the country's deficit declined 14 percent in the first quarter.

　　本文选自新东方口译名师裴晓栋的blog,blog链接地址：http://blog.hjenglish.com/peixiaodong