口译专业速记符号大全(一)

2008-03-10 00:00:00来源:新东方集团网

一、缩写词:


Abbreviations in Note taking


Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.


1.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.


S = sum


f = frequency


Leave out periods in standard abbreviations.


cf = compare


e.g. = example


dept = department


Use only the first syllable of a word.


pol = politics


dem = democracy


lib = liberal


cap = capitalism


Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.


pres = presentation


subj = subject


ind = individual


cons = conservative


Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.


assoc = associate


biol = biology


info = information


ach = achievement


chem = chemistry


max = maximum


intro = introduction


conc = concentration


min = minimum


rep = repetition


Omit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.


ppd = prepared


prblm = problem


estmt = estimate


bkgd = background


gvt = government


Use an apostrophe in place of letters.


am't = amount


cont'd = continued


gov't = government


educat'l = educational


Form the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.


chpts = chapters


egs = examples


fs = frequencies


intros = introductions


Use g to represent ing endings.


ckg = checking


estg = establishing


decrg = decreasing


exptg = experimenting


Spell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.


Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.


Leave out unimportant words.


Leave out the words a and the.


If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.


Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.


& = and


w/ = with


w/o = without


vs = against


= therefore


= = is or equal 


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