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成人英语三级辅导：具副词功能的现在分词

2011-11-18 00:00:00来源：新东方论坛

在英语里，我们可以用现在分词（present participles）或现在分词短语（present participial phrases）充当副词修饰动词。这是英语中一种极为普遍的句子结构，在书面语中，用得甚多，表示的意义也有好几种。现在分述如下：

⒈表示办事方法或行动方式，如：

● Feeling his way along the rocks， the mountaineer reached the peak of the hill.

● Flinging her arm before her face， the small girl pretended to burst into tears.

⒉表示伴随状况，如：

● The two men shook hands， smiling at each other.

● The demonstrators marched through the street， chanting political slogans.

● Irene saw her husband glance toward her， disapproving.

● A few friends of the victim stood outside the house， still with a sense of shock， conversing quietly.

⒊表示原因，如：

● Living in a city， we enjoy a lot of modern amenities.

● Meeting with a cold reception at his relatives' house， the old man left in a rage.

● Having heard the story before， Joelle did not heed it any more.

● Being written in a hurry， the essay was fraught with errors.

⒋。表示时间，如：

● Reaching the dilapidated castle， they slowed down their pace.

● Finding the hidden treasure ， they discussed how to divide it.

● Arriving at the seaside ， the picnickers pitched their tent for the night.

这里要注意的是：用来表示时间的分词短语必须摆在句首，用以说明分词短语中的时间一过，谓语动词的时间便开始。

如果要强调分词短语的时间比谓语动词的时间早些过去，那末分词短语里的时态就要用完成时态（perfect tense），如：

● Having realised that they had lagged behind ， Tom and Harry started to quicken their pace.

● The couple， having seen their son off， returned home without saying anything.

⒌表示“目的、结果”的意思，如：

● The two parties sat down to talk， hoping to avoid further conflict.

● We have talked a lot about language teaching， often forgetting that it is learning that really matters.

● The old man's hair came out by the roots， leaving him bald.

本文关键字: 考试

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