男子额头上“长”出新鼻子 曾遭车祸受重伤

　　Despite his perhaps bizarre appearance, a man in China who is growing a new nose on his forehead is the beneficiary of a rather common nose reconstruction technique.

　　虽然额头上长出个鼻子看起来很奇怪，但是这个中国男子确实是这种再造技术的受益者。

　　The man suffered damage to his nose and an infection after a severe car accident, and the infection had eaten away at the cartilage in his nose, making it impossible to for doctors to fix his original nose. Instead, the team decided to grow the man an entirely new nose on his forehead.

　　这个男子在一场车祸中鼻子受到严重外伤，随后由于感染侵蚀了鼻部软骨，修复原来的鼻子已经不可能了。因此，医院决定给他在额头“种植”一个全新的鼻子。

　　But despite its extreme appearance, this method is not that different from plastic surgery techniques used all the time, said Dr. David Cangello, an attending plastic surgeon at Lenox Hill Hospital and Manhattan, Eye Ear and Throat Hospital in New York.

　　“虽然这样外表看起来很奇怪，但是这个办法和常见的外壳整形技术并无差别。”大卫卡贝略医生说，纽约勒诺克斯山医院的整形外科主治医师。

　　"I would call it a different take on a principles that we commonly use in reconstruction," Cangello said.

　　“这是我们在再造手术中所使用技术的另一种展现形式。“

　　Forehead nose

　　额头上的鼻子

　　The man's doctors placed tissue expanders, which create space to stretch the skin, under the man's forehead, and created the rough shape of a nose, probably using screws and plates. They then harvested cartilage from his ribs to fill in the nose. Once the nose is ready, they will rotate the entire assemblage — skin, blood vessels, cartilage and all — and move the new nose to where his current nose sits.

　　这位男子的医生在他的额头上安置了组织扩张器来为鼻子正常创造足够的空间，可能又用螺丝和钢板创造出了鼻子的雏形。之后有取用了肋骨软骨来对鼻子进行填充。等鼻子全部组装完善后——皮肤、血管、软骨等——医生会将其移植早现在鼻子的部位。

　　That is only slightly different from current methods of nose reconstruction, Cangello told LiveScience. Though reconstructive surgeons would also put tissue expanders under the forehead skin to stretch the skin enough to cover the new nose, they would place the nose differently.

　　“这种手机和现有的鼻部再造手术只有一个很小的差别。尽管医生也将组织扩张期放在了病人额头来扩张皮肤，从而有足够的皮肤来盖住新鼻子，他们放置鼻子的方式还是和传统的有所不同。”卡贝略医生说。

　　"We typically take the cartilage from the rib, and we put it right where the nose structure would already be, and we bring the skin flap over it and cover it," Cangello said.

　　“我们一般也是从病人的肋骨提取软骨，但是我们会把软骨直接放入鼻子的位置，然后我们用鼻子上的皮肤皮瓣来盖住整个鼻子，”卡贝略医生说。

　　Afterward, the doctors suture together the skin flaps of the forehead, which will usually leave a small scar.

　　“之后医生讲不同的皮瓣缝在一起，这种方式通常会留下较小的疤痕。”

　　Key blood vessels

　　主要的血管

　　Though it may seem like a patient might prefer to grow a new nose on a different part of the body that could be more inconspicuous, there are good reasons to use forehead skin.

　　虽然病人可能会更想把自己种在其它不显眼的地方，但是把鼻子种在额头是有原因的。

　　"We like to use similar tissues to reconstruct organs within the same area," Cangello said.

　　“我们喜欢使用相同部位的组织来再造器官，这里的组织相似度比较高，”卡贝略医生说，

　　The forehead is also connected with blood vessels that nourish the tissue transplant, so the surgeons don't have to disconnect and reconnect those vessels to place the nose in its correct position. If the doctors were to grow the nose on a forearm or a leg, for instance, they would have to undertake a laborious microsurgery to take the blood vessels that feed and drain the transplant.

　　“额头的血管也和支持组织移植的血管相连，所以医生在移植鼻子时无需将那些血管切开再重新连接。如果将这个新鼻子种在前臂或腿上的话，医生不得不做一个非常精细复杂的手术来取出为新鼻子供血的血管，这会让移植非常困难。”

　　Better nose?

　　这个鼻子更好吗?

　　The man still seems to have a nose that, at least in pictures, looks fairly normal. By contrast, his replacement nose is pretty large.

　　在照片上看来，这位男子还是有鼻子的，而且这个鼻子看起来也很正常。相对而言，他的新鼻子看起来就太大了。

　　"To be honest, the little nose that he has almost looks more in harmony than what they have on his forehead," Cangello said.

　　“老实说，他脸上现有的鼻子比额头上的那个鼻子看起来和谐多了，”卡贝略医生说。

　　But the new nose should shrink once it's in place, he added.

　　“但是这个新鼻子在移植后会变小，”他补充说到。

　　It's also possible the researchers needed to replace the man's current nose because he had trouble breathing properly.

　　“医生不得不移植他现有鼻子的原因是他现在呼吸都有困难了。”

　　"Whenever we perform a reconstruction, there are two things in mind," Cangello said. "It's not just form, but it's also function."

　　“在我们进行移植手术时我们会从两方面考虑，那就是外观和功能。“卡贝略医生说。

　　相关词汇：

　　Bizarre：奇异的(指态度、容貌、款式)

　　Beneficiary：受益人，收款人

　　plastic surgeon：整形外科医生

　　cartilage：软骨

　　forehead：额头

　　in harmony：和谐无间