2014年公共英语一级考试阅读难点指导(2)

2013-10-23 22:38:06来源：百度文库

　　There's been a shake-up.

　　我们俗称公司内/机构内一些重大的人事变更或大改革为地震，英文也有类似的说法：There's been a shake-up. (公司里有大改革/大变动)，或者可以说：The company has restructured. (公司改组)，人事变动有涉及升职或降职：I got promoted/demoted. (我被升职/降职)。

　　对话

　　Rita: What's wrong? Everyone looks like they are shook up.

　　Shawn: The new manager has made some drastic changes.There's been a shake-up.

　　Rita: So lots of people have lost their jobs? That's just awful.

　　Shawn: No, it's much worse than that. Everyone still has a job but he's cut the morning coffee break out. We're all going through caffeine withdrawal. I can't keep my hand still at all.

　　莉达：为什么人人看来都心绪不宁?

　　尚伟：新来的经理作了重大的改革，公司里有大变动。

　　莉达：那么很多人被辞退吗?真的很糟糕。

　　尚伟：不，比这个更糟。没有人被辞退，只是他取消了早上的咖啡时间，人人在捱戒咖啡因之苦，我不能让手不抖动。

　　尚伟的公司取消喝咖啡时间，尚伟诉苦说：There's been a shake-up. We're all going through caffeine withdrawal(有大变动，人人在捱戒咖啡因之苦)。难怪莉达说：Everyone looks like they are shook up(人人看来都心绪不宁)。

　　Shake-up或shakeup是名词，指机构、制度等的改组或整顿，例如：(1) There was a company shakeup, and many lost their jobs.(公司改组，不少人失业了)。(2) The civil service needs a major shakeup.(公务员编制应大大整顿一下)。Shake up 也可以作动词，例如：The new board of directors has shaken up the company. (新的董事会把公司改组了)。留意shake的过去式是shook，过去分词(past participle)是shaken。

　　读者也许会问：Everyone looks like they are shook up一语，are之后为什么不用分词shaken而用Shook?原来shake up假如解作 ‘使心烦意乱’，那shake字的过去分词作shook或shaken都可以，例如：She was badly shook/shaken up by her mother's death.(母亲去世，令她心情十分恶劣)。此外shook就不可作分词用。

　　以shakeup说 ‘改组’，是俗语用法;严谨的说法是reorganization，例如：The civil service needs a major reorganization、The new board of directors has reorganized the company。

　　最后说withdrawal。‘停服(兴奋剂等)’英文叫withdraw，名词是withdrawal，例如：It is difficult to withdraw from nicotine/withdrawal from nicotine is difficult(要戒掉尼古丁瘾可不容易)

本文关键字: 2014年公共英语一级