BEC商务英语考试高级模拟试卷(17)

2013-12-11 17:49:00来源：可可

　　BEC商务英语，商务英语考试中的No.1，含金量已经无需多言。但是，无论是还在犹豫是否要参加BEC考试的，还是已经通过BEC考试的，都在疑惑到底学了BEC有什么用呢?让我们通过下面的学习来看看BEC到底都能让我们获得什么。

　　Questions 1 – 8

　　Look at the sentences below and at the five extractsfrom a book about staff appraisals and feedback onthe opposite page .

　　Which new item (A, B, C ,D or E) dose eachstatement 1 – 8 refer to ?

　　For each statement 1 – 8 , make one letter(A, B, C ,D or E) on your Answer Sheet .

　　You will need to use some of these letters more than once .

　　1 Genuine feedback would release resources to be used elsewhere.

　　2 Managers are expected to enable their staff to work effectively.

　　3 Experts are unlikely to facilitate a move to genuine feedback.

　　4 There are benefits when methods of evaluating performance have been negotiated.

　　5 Appraisals tend to focus on the nature of the face-to-face relationship between employeesand their line managers.

　　6 The idea that employees are responsible for what they do seems reasonable.

　　7 Despite experts’ assertion, management structures prevent genuine feedback

　　8 An increasing amount of effort is being dedicated to the appraisal process.

　　Performance appraisal is on the up and up. It used to represent the one time of year whengetting on with the work was put on hold while enormous quantities of management hourswere spent in the earnest ritual of rating and ranking performance. Now the practice is evenmore frequent. This of course makes it all the more important how appraisal is conducted.Human resources professionals claim that managers should strive for objectivity and thus forfeedback rather than judgement. But the simple fact of the matter is that the nature ofhierarchy distorts the concept of feedback because performance measure are conceivedhierarchically. Unfortunately, all too many workers suffer from the injustices that this generates.

　　The notion behind performance appraisal- that workers should be held accountable for theirperformance-is plausible. However, the evidence suggests that the premise is wrong.Contrary to assumptions appraisal is not an effective means of performance improvement-it is judgement imposed rather than feedback, a judgement imposed by the hierarchy. Usefulfeedback , on the other hand, would be information that told both the manager and worker howwell the work system functioned, and suggested ways to make it better.

　　Within the production system at the car manufacturer Toyota, there is nothing that isrecognizable as performance appraisal. Every operation in the system has an associatedmeasure. The measure has been worked out between the operators and their manager. Inevery case, the measure is related to the purpose of the work. That measure is the basis offeedback to the manager and worker alike. Toyota’s basic idea is expressed in the axiom “badnews first” . Both managers and workers are psychologically safe in the knowledge that it isthe system- not the worker –that is the primary influence on performance. It ismanagement’s responsibility to ensure that the workers operate in a system that facilitatestheir performance.

　　In many companies , performance appraisal springs from misguided as assumptions. Tojudge achievement, managers use date about each worker’s activity, not an evaluation of theprocess or system’s achievement of purpose. The result is that performance appraisalinvolves managers’ judgement overruling their staff’s, ignoring the true influences onperformance. Thus the appraisal experience becomes a question of pleasing the boss,particularly in meetings, which is psychologically unsafe and socially driven, determining who is“in” and who is “ out”.

　　When judgement is replaced by feedback in the true sense, organizations will have a lot moretime to devote to their customers and their business. No time will be wasted in appraisal . Thisrequires a fundamental shift in the way we think about the organization of performanceappraisals, which almost certainly will not be forthcoming from the human resources profession.

　　阅读答案

　　1-5 E C E C D

　　6-8 B A A

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