BEC阅读：BEC中级英语阅读练习:全球最具影响力的十

　　BEC中级英语阅读练习:全球最具影响力的十位商业女性

　　1. Indra Nooyi

　　英德拉·努伊

　　Chairman and CEO of Pepsi Co

　　Indra Nooyi joined PepsiCo in 1994 and was named president and CFO in 2001. She has directed the company's global strategy for more than a decade and led PepsiCo's restructuring, including the 1997 divestiture of its restaurants into Tricon, now known as Yum!. In 2007 she became the fifth CEO in PepsiCo's 44-year history. Business officials rave at her ability to drive deep and hard while maintaining a sense of heart and fun. According to Business Week, since she started as CFO in 2000, the company's annual revenues have risen 72%, while net profit more than doubled. She's back on top for the fourth year, delivering strong profits on $43 billion in sales. Her August deal to buy Pepsi's two biggest bottlers should produce some $300 million in annual cost savings. One weak spot: Consumers panned the rebranding of Gatorade and Tropicana.

　　英德拉·努伊于1994年加入百事可乐，并于2001年被任命为总裁兼首席财务官。她指导公司的全球策略达十余年，领导了百事可乐的重组，包括1997年剥离旗下餐馆，组建为百胜公司(Tricon，即现在的YUM!)。2007年，她成为百事可乐44年历史上第五位首席执行官。业界管理层盛赞她不仅有投入和拼命的工作干劲，同时还保持着用心感悟，享受一切的良好心态。《商业周刊》称，自从她2000年担任首席财务官以来，百事可乐的年度收入增长了72%，净利润增长了一倍多。这已是她第四次位居榜首，而百事可乐去年的销售额达430亿美元。今年8月，百事将购买两大灌装厂，此举将使百事可乐每年节省3亿美元的开支。美中不足：佳得乐和果缤纷改头换面后，遭到了消费者的严厉批评。

　　2. Irene Rosenfeld

　　艾琳·罗森菲尔德

　　Chairman and CEO of Kraft Foods

　　Irene Rosenfeld was appointed Chief Executive Officer of Kraft Foods in June 2006. She was appointed to the additional post of Chairman in March 2007, following Altria Group's spin-off of Kraft. Rosenfeld has worked for 25 years in the food and beverage industry. She holds a Ph.D. in Marketing and Statistics, a Master of Science in Business Administration, and a Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology from Cornell University. This pianist and avid Rollerblader has advertised heavily during the recession to keep sales of macaroni and cheese and Kool-Aid flowing. Revenue was up 15% in 2008, and the stock - a recent addition to the Dow 30 - outperformed the S&P over the past year.

　　艾琳·罗森菲尔德于2006年6月被任命为卡夫食品首席执行官。卡夫脱离奥驰亚集团之后，她又于2007年3月被任命为总裁。罗森菲尔德已经从事餐饮业达25年之久。她拥有康奈尔大学市场营销与统计学博士、工商管理硕士和心理学学士学位。她会弹奏钢琴，酷爱轮滑，为保持通心粉、芝士和超浓缩果汁冲剂在经济危机期间的销量，不惜在广告上一掷千金。2008年公司收入增长了15%，股票(最近刚进入道琼斯30指数)在2009年的表现也好于标准普尔指数。

　　3. Pat Woertz

　　帕特·伍尔兹

　　Chairman, CEO, and president of Archer Daniels Midland (ADM)

　　Patricia Woertz became CEO of ADM in 2006. Formerly an Executive Vice President at Chevron Corporation, Woertz left to pursue CEO opportunities. Born in Pennsylvania in 1953, she studied accounting at Penn State University, graduating in 1974. She first worked for Ernst & Young in Pittsburgh, then moved to Gulf Oil, an Ernst & Young client. There she rose steadily through the ranks. The soybean company's queen has bet big on ethanol, and ADM's stock has risen 15% over the past 12 months. Woertz, who spent three decades in the oil industry before joining ADM, also sits on the Procter & Gamble board.

　　帕特丽夏·伍尔兹于2006年出任ADM首席执行官。伍尔兹之前是雪佛龙石油公司的执行副总裁，离职后追求变身首席执行官的机遇。她1953年出生于宾夕法尼亚州，在宾州州立大学学习会计，并于1974年毕业。她起初在匹兹堡的安永会计师事务所工作，随后到安永客户海湾石油公司工作。在那里，她一步一个脚印，职位越做越高。作为ADM这家大豆油公司的掌舵人，她押注乙醇，ADM的股票最终在一年里升值15%。在加入ADM之前，伍尔兹之前曾从事石油业达30年之久，她现在还是宝洁公司的董事。

　　4. Angela Braly

　　安吉拉·布拉莉

　　President and CEO of Wellpoint

　　Angela Braly received her undergraduate degree from Texas Tech University in 1982 and her Juris Doctor from Southern Methodist University School of Law. In January 1999, Braly joined Wellpoint, a large US-based health care company. Prior to her current position, Braly served as executive vice president, general counsel and chief public affairs officer for WellPoint. In that role, she was responsible for public policy development, government relations, legal affairs, corporate communications, marketing, and social responsibility initiatives. A Texan who started out as a waitress, Braly now runs a $61 billion health insurer with 34 million members - more than any competitor. With a public insurance plan all but off the table, WellPoint's stock is up 71% since March.

　　安吉拉·布拉莉1982年获得德克萨斯科技大学学士学位，随后在南卫理公会大学法学院获得法学博士学位。1999年1月，布拉莉加入美国一家大型医保公司Wellpoint。在出任总裁兼首席执行官之前，布拉莉担任Wellpoint的执行副总裁、总顾问和首席公关，负责公共政策的制定、政府关系、法律事务、业务公关、销售和社会责任事务。布拉莉是德克萨斯人，一开始只是一个餐厅服务员，如今管理着610亿美元的保险金，拥有3400万名客户，业内无人可及。随着公共保险计划即将实施，3月以来WellPoint的股票已经上涨了71%。

　　5. Andrea Jung

　　钟彬娴

　　Chairman and CEO of Avon Products

　　Andrea Jung went from being a lackluster student to attending the Ivy League's Princeton University, and went on to become the CEO of Avon Products. Institutional Investor wrote of Jung, 'How many other chief executives embody their companies the way Andrea Jung does? Sleek, stylishly turned out, with signature pearl choker and mane of sable hair, she is confident and assertive, the perfect image for her newly invigorated Avon Products. Jung is the first female CEO at a cosmetics company who wasn't also its founder.' Jung took the failing company out of the depths of marketing oblivion into a world of young, hip makeup products. She enables millions of women worldwide to work for themselves. Headcount rose 200,000 in the U.S. alone during the first quarter, thanks to the biggest recruiting drive in Avon's history. Jung sits on the GE and Apple boards.

　　钟彬娴曾经是一名差生，但后来考入常春藤名校普林斯顿大学，又成为了雅芳的首席执行官。《机构投资者》杂志曾经这样描述她：“有多少高管能像钟彬娴那样，将自己公司的特点体现得淋漓尽致?总是以优雅、时尚的形象示人，胸前的珍珠项链和一头乌黑的秀发都是她标志性的装扮，自信而果断，完美地体现了获得新生的雅芳。在所有化妆品公司，钟彬娴是首位非创始人但担任首席执行官的女性。”钟彬娴带领这家衰败的公司从几近被人忘却的境地走出来，进军年轻时尚的化妆品市场。她让全世界数以百万的女性为自己而工作。今年一季度，在雅芳历史上最大规模的招聘之后，仅美国的员工人数就增加了20万。钟彬娴还是通用电气和苹果公司的董事。

　　6. Oprah Winfrey

　　奥普拉·温弗莉

　　Chairman of Harpo

　　Credited with creating a more intimate confessional form of media communication, she is thought to have popularized and revolutionized the tabloid talk show genre, which a Yale study claims broke 20th century taboos and allowed LGBT people to enter the mainstream. By the mid 1990s she had reinvented her show with a focus on literature, self-improvement, and spirituality. Though criticized for unleashing confession culture and promoting controversial self-help fads, she is generally admired for overcoming adversity to become a benefactor to others. She has been ranked the richest African American, the greatest black philanthropist in American history, and was once the world's only black billionaire. She's still got the magic touch: When Oprah praised the Kindle, it sold out before Christmas. She's on track to launch OWN, her cable network, to 70 million viewers next year.

　　人们认为她创造了一种更加亲密而直白的媒体传播方式，改造了低俗的脱口秀节目，并使其更加流行。耶鲁大学的一项研究称，这打破了20世纪的禁忌，让同性恋、双性恋和跨性别者进入了主流社会。到上世纪90年代中期，她改造节目风格，转而关注文学、自我提升和精神等话题。虽然有人批评她导致忏悔之风盛行，助长了有争议的自救热，但是她还是因为克服逆境帮助他人而受到普遍的尊敬。她是美国最富有的黑人女性、美国历史上最慷慨的黑人慈善家，还曾经是世界上唯一一名黑皮肤的亿万富翁。她现在魅力不减：Kindle受到奥普拉的称赞后，在圣诞节前就已售罄。她正在筹建自己的有线电视网络OWN，明年向7000万观众推出。

　　7. Ellen Kullman

　　柯·爱伦

　　CEO of DuPont

　　Kullman studied mechanical engineering at Tufts University where she received her bachelor's degree in 1978. In 1983 she received a master's degree in management from Northwestern University. She began her business career at General Electric and joined DuPont in 1988 as marketing manager in the company's medical imaging business. In her previous role as executive vice president she was responsible for four of DuPont's business platforms as well as leading the company's growth in markets outside the USA. Kullman took the top job in January, making her the first woman to lead the company in its 206 year history. She's reshuffling execs and aiming to trim $1 billion in costs this year.

　　柯爱伦在塔夫茨大学学习机械工程，于1978年获得学士学位。1983年，她获得西北大学管理学硕士学位。她的职业生涯从通用电气开始，并于1988年加入杜邦，担任公司医疗成像部门经理。在担任杜邦执行副总裁期间，她负责四个部门，并带领公司在美国以外的市场实现了增长。柯爱伦于1月担任首席执行官，成为杜邦206年历史当中首位出任该职位的女性。她正在对管理层进行重组，希望今年能削减10亿美元的开支。

　　8. Carol Bartz

　　卡罗尔·巴茨

　　CEO of Yahoo

　　In 1976, Bartz went to work at the manufacturing conglomerate 3M, but left after her request to transfer to the headquarters was denied; she was told that 'women don't do these jobs.' Bartz moved on to the computer industry and became CEO of Autodesk in 1992. According to Forbes, Bartz 'transformed Autodesk from an aimless maker of PC software into a leader of computer-aided design software, targeting architects and builders.' On January 13, 2009, Bartz was named CEO of Yahoo!, the internet services company which operates the third most-visited website in the world. She is betting on display ads, content, and mobile capabilities to give the web pioneer new life. After six months on the job, she forged a deal for Microsoft to power searches on Yahoo.com.

　　1976年，巴茨到制造集团3M工作，但在要求到总部工作遭到拒绝后离职。她被告之：“这不是女人该干的活。”巴茨转行到电脑业，并于1992年成为Autodesk的首席执行官。《福布斯》杂志这样写道：巴茨“将Autodesk从一个漫无目的的电脑软件制造商转变成为电脑辅助设计软件的领头羊，瞄准建筑师和建造商。”2009年1月13日，巴茨被任命为雅虎的首席执行官，该公司运营着世界第三大网站。她把工作重点放在展示广告、内容和移动业务上，希望以此给这个网络先驱带来新生。上任六个月后，她同微软达成了一项协议，助推Yahoo.com的搜索业务。

　　9. Ursula Burns

　　厄休拉·伯恩斯

　　CEO of Xerox

　　Burns first worked for Xerox in 1980 as a summer intern and joined a year later after her master's degree. She worked in various roles in product development and planning throughout her 20s. Her career took an unexpected turn when in January 1990 a senior executive offered her a job as his executive assistant. Initially fearing that this would be a dead-end job, she accepted and rose through the ranks, becoming executive assistant to the chairman in 1991 and eventually becoming vice president for global manufacturing in 1999. In 2000 she was named a senior vice president. She was named CEO in July 2009 succeeding Mulcahy. In July, Burns became the first black female CEO on the Fortune 500. With 2008 profits down and the stock trailing the S&P, this straight-talking operator is charged with strengthening a company that's still rebounding from near bankruptcy in 2001.

　　伯恩斯于1980年以暑期实习生的身份开始在Xerox工作，一年后拿到硕士学位后正式加盟该公司。30岁之前她在产品开发和策划部门担任了多项职务。1990年1月，一位高管让她担任其行政助理后，她的工作发生了意想不到的变化。她起初担心这工作没什么出路，但她还是接受了，并逐渐升职，于1991年成为总裁行政助理，最终于1999年成为负责全球制造业务的副总裁。2000年，她被任命为高级副总裁。2009年7月，她接替穆卡西，出任公司首席执行官。同年7月，她成为《财富》500强中首位黑人女首席执行官。2008年公司利润下降，股票表现也不如标普指数，这位快人快语的掌舵人肩负着增强公司实力的重任，自2001年几乎破产以来，公司仍处在恢复阶段。

　　10. Brenda Barnes

　　布蓝达·巴恩斯

　　Chairman and CEO of Sara Lee

　　Barnes became chief executive earlier this year after Sara Lee announced a major restructuring that included the planned sale of product lines totaling $8.2 billion in revenue. At the same time, Barnes is tackling corporate inefficiencies by encouraging shared purchasing between divisions and less bureaucracy. Barnes raised eyebrows when she left PepsiCo in 1998 to spend more time with her family. Ever since Barnes got back on the 'on-ramp' into the corporate world, she has been the most oft-cited example in the business press of a woman who ditched her corporate career to spend time with her family, only to regain corporate power. Since taking the helm in 2005 after a six-year corporate sabbatical, she has shed businesses that made up 40% of revenue. Still, the stock has flagged.

　　今年年初，在莎莉·李宣布公司将进行大规模重组，同时计划将收入82亿美元的生产线出售之后，巴恩斯出任首席执行官。于此同时，巴恩斯鼓励不同部门进行联合采购，精简机构，解决了工作效率低的问题。1998年，为了有更多时间跟家人在一起，巴恩斯离开了百事可乐，这令人们惊讶不已。巴恩斯重回职场后，一直都是财经媒体津津乐道的模范女性：为了陪家人而放弃工作，而后又重掌公司大权。休息六年之后，巴恩斯于2005年重新掌舵，削减了占总收入40%的业务。然而，公司股票依然没有起色。