新东方解析2010年9.12高口阅读第一篇

2010-09-13 00:00:00来源：网络

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　　新东方解析2010年9.12高口阅读第一篇
　　
　　2010秋9.12口译考试题目与解析，新东方第一时间放送——

　　高口section 2第一篇：

　　第一篇773字，作为经济类文章，难度并不大，关键是找准文章中出现的观点。

　　Congress began 2010 with a bad case of legislative déjà vu. Last year, it approved a $787 billion stimulus package meant to "create or save" millions of jobs. President Obama says the stimulus has saved or created as many as 2 million jobs so far. But even if that highly optimistic figure is true, in the real world, over 3 million jobs have been lost since the stimulus was signed into law – a dismal feat all financed with enormous debt. Now Congress is working on another stimulus package, but they're calling it a jobs bill. In December, the House passed a $174 billion "Jobs for Main Street Bill" that would use federal dollars to fund job-creating infrastructure projects, while extending unemployment benefits. Sound familiar?

　　第一段一上来就奠定了一个基调bad case，随后列出具体事件，但是马上又读到but，表达出作者的意思，即真实的情况并非如此尽如人意。随后出现的Now给出文章的主旨提示，那就是这么一个刺激计划。

　　Unemployment remains at about 10 percent and state unemployment insurance funds are running out of money. While the Obama administration works to artificially inflate the number of jobs, the unemployed face diminished opportunities and income security. By 2012, 40 state unemployment trust funds are projected to be empty, requiring $90 billion in federal loans to continue operating. Normally, state unemployment benefits pay jobless workers between 50 and 70 percent of their salaries for up to 26 weeks. But during this recession, Congress has extended those benefits four times. The result is that some workers can now claim benefits for 99 weeks. Now Congress may enact a record fifth extension. What would be wrong with that? Everything. The state-federal unemployment insurance program (UI) is an economic drag on businesses and states. And it's a poor safety net for the unemployed.

　　第二段讲述了现在的真实状态，援引这么多的数据也只是为了说明现状而已，可以略去。段落结尾处也再次表明作者态度，即UI（失业保险计划）会拖经济发展的后腿。

　　UI, a relic of the Great Depression, fails workers when they need it most. UI trust funds depend on a state-levied payroll tax on employers. During boom years, these funds are generally flush. But during recessions, they can get depleted quickly. The bind is that to replenish their UI fund, states have to raise payroll taxes. That hurts the bottom line for businesses both large and small. Passed on to workers as a lower salary, high payroll taxes discourage businesses from hiring. During steep recessions, states face a fiscal Catch-22: Reduce benefits or raise taxes. To date, 27 states have depleted their UI funds and are using $29 billion in federal loans they'll have to start repaying in 2011. Other states are slashing benefits. While federal guidelines recommend that states keep one year's worth of unemployment reserves, many states entered the recession already insolvent. When federal loans are exhausted, the only option left is higher payroll taxes – a move sure to discourage hiring and depress salaries.

　　第三段更详细的讲述了UI这个方案会产生的负面结果，fails workers等字眼都能读出负面的意味。所以，哪怕考生不了解Catch-22这么一个文化的信息，其实问题也不大。当然，这个概念我们在上课时也讲过并强调过，来自小说的这么一个表达，其实就是在表示进退两难的境地，表示一个永远走不出的困境。

　　The increasingly small and uncertain payouts of UI are the opposite of income security. The effect of UI's eight-decade experiment has been to condition workers to save less for a "rainy day" and instead rely on a system that provides no guarantee. UI limits personal responsibility to save; gradually, individuals find themselves in financial peril. Real reform requires putting employees in charge with individual private accounts and getting the government out of the business of creating illusionary safety nets.

　　第四段也是在围绕UI的性质进行描述，基调一致。

　　Unemployment Insurance Savings Accounts (UISA), by contrast, give workers control of their own income, eliminating the negative effects of the UI program on businesses and budgets. Adopted by Chile in 2003, UISAs are also financed via a payroll tax on individual workers and employers. The difference is the money is directly deposited into the individual worker's account. Basically a form of forced savings, UISAs allow individuals to draw on their own accounts during periods of unemployment and roll unused funds into their savings upon retirement. With the burden reduced on employers, wages rise, leading to greater contributions to the individual's fund. The federal government is removed from the picture, and all workers are guaranteed a savings account upon retirement.

　　第五段一开头便给出了提示，by contrast告诉考生读者的态度，即UISA这个计划要好于UI。底下都详细讲到了UISA的具体内容。

　　UISAs liberate workers from uncertainty and improve incentives. When unemployed workers must rely on their own funds rather than the common fiscal pool, they find jobs faster. Congress's repeated extensions of the current UI program may be well intended, but they may also be counterproductive. Like any deadline extension, additional jobless benefits diminish the job seeker's urgency, all at taxpayers' expense.

　　第六段依然围绕UISA进行，liberate和improve都能看出作者的倾向，即UISA要优于UI。

　　Today, expanded UI benefits mean higher state payroll taxes, which make it harder for employers to expand hiring or raise wages. UISAs, on the other hand, make the payroll tax on business part of the employer's investment in an individual worker, rather than a penalty for doing business. In 2010, it's time to say goodbye to the problems created by broken policies. Congress should start this decade with a promise for true economic freedom: Let businesses create jobs and let workers keep what they've earned.

　　第七段总结陈词，继第一句讲出UI的负面效应之后，第二句on the other hand则指出UISA的正面效应。最后一句告诉我们这两方面都要做到。

　　本文选自新东方口译名师邱政政的blog,blog链接地址：http://blog.hjenglish.com/qiuzhengzheng