宫崎骏电影的魔力

　　Often called the Walt Disney of Japan(actually he hates this title), manga artist and animator Hayao Miyazaki creates gorgeous and bewitching[1]) animated movies, whose power hinges[2]) on the drawings rather than the story—but that’s not to say his stories aren’t also brilliant. He begins making his films by building wire frames[3]) and the stories develop as the drawings progress. The director admits in an interview that it’s a “dangerous way to work”, but alas, it’s a technique that has brought him great success. He prefers hand-drawing his animations, though he has experimented with CGI and digital paint beginning with 1997’s Princes Mononoke.

　　He prefers to call himself a true manga artist, rather than a storyteller, as he only became interested in animation after watching films like Taiji Yabushita’s The Tale of the White Serpent and a Russian animated version of Hans Christian Andersen’s The Snow Queen. Formally trained in political science and economics, Miyazaki started his animation career at Toei Animation and A Pro, before founding Studio Ghibli[4]) in 1985 with director Isao Takahata and producer Toshio Suzuki. Walt Disney Pictures eventually signed a deal with Studio Ghibli in order to introduce Miyazaki’s films to Western audiences.

　　Knowing that his movies are primarily hand-drawn, the inconspicuously[5])-detailed pictures are completely mind-blowing, not to mention incredibly time consuming. His animation style is extremely delicate and realistic, as he makes sure to highlight details like the sparkling reflection of sun on water, the sluggish[6]) pace of a snail moving up a plant or a wisp[7]) of hair delicately blowing in the wind.

　　Though often preoccupied with exploring environmentalism, capitalism and other serious political and anti-war themes, he often chooses to reveal his fantastical and monster-ridden stories through the eyes of young, female heroines who are often portrayed as weak or immature at the beginning but emerge courageous and triumphant after overcoming whatever series of obstacles the specific adventure narrative presents. Miyazaki says his movies are made for children, but adults have proved to be profoundly affected as well—Spirited Away became the first non-English and anime movie to win the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature in 2002.

　　The magic of his films comes across through his subtle yet profound ways of exploring humanity’s flaws and nature, as well as through complex characters and imagery. His movies stir up memories and dreams, transporting you back to your childlike state-of-mind and directly into the characters’ worlds, often inspired by settings and situations from Miyazaki’s own past. TIME magazine named Miyazaki one of 2005’s Most Influential People, and that influence can be seen in his mentorship[8]) of upcoming filmmakers like Hiroyuki Morita and his own son Goro Miyazaki. Disney director Pete Docter and Disney animator Glen Keane have both said they’ve been intensely inspired by Miyazaki’s brilliant body of work.

　　漫画家和动画师宫崎骏常被称作“日本的华特·迪士尼”(事实上他讨厌这个头衔)，他创作了众多令人着迷的精彩动画电影。宫崎骏作品的影响力在于其绘画，而非其故事，但这并不是说他的故事不精彩。制作电影之初，他会先画草图，让故事随着绘画的进行而发展。这位动画导演曾在一次访谈中承认，这是“一种冒险的制作方式”，但正是这种技巧给他带来了巨大的成功。尽管从1997年的《幽灵公主》开始，宫崎骏已经在尝试使用CGI技术和数字绘图技术制作动画，但他仍偏爱手绘动画。

　　宫崎骏喜欢称自己是一个真正的漫画家，而非一个讲故事的人，因为他只是在看了薮下泰司的《白蛇传》和俄罗斯动画版的安徒生童话《冰雪女王》后就对动画产生了兴趣。学政治经济学出身的宫崎骏在东映动画和A-Pro动画公司开始其动画制作生涯，后于1985年，和导演高畑勲、制作人铃木敏夫创办了吉卜力动画工作室。华特·迪士尼动画公司为了把宫崎骏的电影引进给西方观众，最终和吉卜力工作室签订了一项协议。

　　宫崎骏的电影大多出自手绘，致密的画作令人叹为观止，更不必说其令人难以置信的耗时。他的动画风格细致精巧，栩栩如生，因为他注重细节的表现，比如阳光照耀下水面上的粼粼波光，蜗牛在一棵植物上向上爬的懒散步调，抑或是在风中优雅飘动的一缕头发。

　　尽管宫崎骏通常专注于探讨环保、资本主义及其他一些严肃的政治和反战主题，但他却通常选择从一个年少的女主人公的视角来讲述充满奇幻色彩且充斥着怪兽的故事。电影的开头，年少的女主人公通常被描绘成弱小或不成熟的样子，但是在故事陈述的特定的冒险中克服了一系列艰难险阻之后变得勇敢坚强、极其成功。宫崎骏说他做的电影是给孩子们看的，但事实证明，成年观众也深受其影响。其作品《千与千寻》在2002年成为第一部获得奥斯卡最佳动画长片奖的非英语动画电影。

　　宫崎骏电影的魔力来源于其用细腻而深刻的方式探寻人性的弱点和本质，也来源于其中复杂的人物角色和意象。他的电影能唤起人的回忆和梦想，使人回归到孩子般的思维状态，直接进入到片中人物的世界里，而那些世界通常灵感都来自宫崎骏自己待过的地方和面临过的处境。《时代周刊》曾将宫崎骏评为2005年“最具影响力的人物”之一，这种影响力从他对新生代电影制作人(诸如森田宏幸和他自己的儿子宫崎吾郎)的指导上就可以看出。迪士尼公司的动画导演皮特·多克特和动画师格兰·基恩也都曾提到他们深受宫崎骏杰出作品的启发。

　　1. bewitching [bɪˈwɪtʃɪŋ] adj. 迷人的;使人入迷的

　　2. hinge [hɪndʒ] vi. 依……而定，以……为转移

　　3. wire frame: [计]线框

　　4. Studio Ghibli: 吉卜力工作室，该名字来自二战时意大利的一架侦察机，意思是“撒哈拉沙漠的热风”。

　　5. inconspicuously [ˌɪnkənˈspɪkjuəsli] adv. 不惹人注目地

　　6. sluggish [ˈslʌɡɪʃ] adj. 缓慢的;懒洋洋的

　　7. wisp [wɪsp] n. (草、头发等，细小、杂乱的)一把;一束;一绺

　　8. mentorship [ˈmentɔː(r)ʃɪp] n. 师徒关系

　　[1]. bewitching [bɪˈwɪtʃɪŋ] adj. 迷人的;使人入迷的

　　[2]. hinge [hɪndʒ] vi. 依……而定，以……为转移

　　[3]. wire frame: [计]线框

　　[4]. Studio Ghibli: 吉卜力工作室，该名字来自二战时意大利的一架侦察机，意思是“撒哈拉沙漠的热风”。

　　[5]. inconspicuously [ˌɪnkənˈspɪkjuəsli] adv. 不惹人注目地

　　[6]. sluggish [ˈslʌɡɪʃ] adj. 缓慢的;懒洋洋的

　　[7]. wisp [wɪsp] n. (草、头发等，细小、杂乱的)一把;一束;一绺

　　[8]. mentorship [ˈmentɔː(r)ʃɪp] n. 师徒关系