2014年PETS四级考试模拟试题(2)

2014-07-31 23:17:00来源：网络

　　完形填空部分

　　Passage One

　　By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million __1__ of these nations looked __2__ to the future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism， many of the leaders of independence __3__ the ideas of representative government， careers __4__ to talent， freedom of commerce and trade， the __5__ to private property， and a belief in the individual as the basis of society， __6__ there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states， large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a __7__ set of laws.

　　On the issue of __8__ of religion and the position of the church，__9__ ，there was less agreement __10__ the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one __11__ by the Spanish crown，__12__ most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism __13__ the official religion of the new states， some sought to end the __14__ of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying __15__ for the conservative forces.

　　The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian， valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had __16__ in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spain's __17__ colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much __18__ because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies __19__ Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was __20__ self-rule and democracy.

　　1. [A] natives　 [B] inhabitants　 [C] peoples 　[D] individuals

　　2. [A] confusedly　 [B] cheerfully　 [C] worriedly 　[D] hopefully

　　3. [A] shared　 [B] forgot 　[C] attained 　[D] rejected

　　4. [A] related　 [B] close 　[C] open 　[D] devoted

　　5. [A] access　 [B] succession　 [C] right　 [D] return

　　6. [A] Presumably 　[B] Incidentally 　[C] Obviously　 [D] Generally

　　7. [A] unique　 [B] common 　[C] particular　 [D] typical

　　8. [A] freedom 　[B] origin　 [C] impact　 [D] reform

　　9. [A] therefore　 [B] however 　[C] indeed　 [D] moreover

　　10. [A] with　 [B] about　 [C] among　 [D] by

　　11. [A] allowed　 [B] preached　 [C] granted 　[D] funded

　　12. [A] Since　 [B] If　 [C] Unless　 [D] While

　　13. [A] as　 [B] for　 [C] under　 [D] against

　　14. [A] spread　 [B] interference　 [C] exclusion 　[D] influence

　　15. [A] support　 [B] cry 　[C] plea　 [D] wish

　　16. [A] urged　 [B] intended　 [C] expected　 [D] promised

　　17. [A] controlling　 [B] former　 [C] remaining　 [D] original

　　18. [A] slower 　[B] faster 　[C] easier 　[D] tougher

　　19. [A] created　 [B] produced　 [C] contributed 　[D] preferred

　　20. [A] puzzled by 　[B] hostile to 　[C] pessimistic about 　[D] unprepared for

　　Passage Two

　　The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.

　　5 he, however, might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in 8 are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.

　　This group generally do well in IQ test, 9 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100, and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists,13 hey also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14 are previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 education. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately18 is argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 ate of affairs.

　　1. [A] selected [B] prepared [C] obliged [D] pleased

　　2. [A] unique [B] particular [C] special [D] rare

　　3. [A] of [B] with [C] in [D] against

　　4. [A] subsequently [B] presently [C] previously [D] lately

　　5. [A] Only [B] So [C] Even [D] Hence

　　6. [A] thought [B] sight [C] cost [D] risk

　　7. [A] advises [B] suggests [C] protests [D] objects

　　8. [A] progress [B] fact [C] need [D] question

　　9. [A] attaining [B] scoring [C] reaching [D] calculating

　　10. [A] normal [B] common [C] mean [D] total

　　11. [A] unconsciously [B] disproportionately

　　[C] indefinitely [D] unaccountably