七言绝句·乐府(六)

　杜甫　观公孙大娘弟子舞剑器行并序 A SONG OF DAGGER-DANCING TO A GIRL-PUPIL

　　OF LADY GONGSUN

　　大历二年十月十九日夔府别驾元持宅见临颍李十二娘舞剑器，壮其蔚 [足支] 。问其所师，曰∶

　　余公孙大娘弟子也。开元三载，余尚童稚，记於郾城观公孙氏舞剑器浑脱。浏漓顿挫，独出冠时。

　　自高头宜春梨园二伎坊内人，洎外供奉，晓是舞者，圣文神武皇帝初，公孙一人而已。玉貌锦衣，

　　况余白首!今兹弟子亦匪盛颜。既辨其由来，知波澜莫二。抚事慷慨，聊为剑器行。昔者吴人张

　　旭善草书书帖，数尝於邺县见公孙大娘舞西河剑器，自此草书长进，豪荡感激。即公孙可知矣!

　　On the 19th of the Tenth-month in the second year of Dali, I saw, in the house

　　of the Kueifu official Yuante, a girl named Li from Lingying dancing with a

　　dagger. I admired her skill and asked who was her teacher. She named Lady

　　Gongsun. I remembered that in the third year of Kaiyuan at Yancheng, when I

　　was a little boy, I saw Lady Gongsun dance. She was the only one in the

　　Imperial Theatre who could dance with this weapon. Now she is aged and unknown,

　　and even her pupil has passed the heyday of beauty. I wrote this poem to

　　express my wistfulness. The work of Zhang Xu of the Wu district, that great

　　master of grassy writing, was improved by his having been present when Lady

　　Gongsun danced in the Yeh district. From this may be judged the art of Gongsun.

　　昔有佳人公孙氏

　　一舞剑器动四方

　　观者如山色沮丧

　　天地为之久低昂

　　霍如羿射九日落

　　矫如群帝骖龙翔

　　来如雷霆收震怒

　　罢如江海凝清光

　　绛唇珠袖两寂寞

　　晚有弟子传芬芳

　　临颍美人在白帝

　　妙舞此曲神扬扬

　　与余问答既有以

　　感时抚事增惋伤

　　先帝侍女八千人

　　公孙剑器初第一

　　五十年间似反掌

　　风尘 [氵项] 洞昏王室

　　梨园子弟散如烟

　　女乐馀姿映寒日

　　金粟堆前木已拱

　　瞿塘石城草萧瑟

　　玳筵急管曲复终

　　乐极哀来月东出

　　老夫不知其所往

　　足茧荒山转愁疾

　　There lived years ago the beautiful Gongsun,

　　Who, dancing with her dagger, drew from all four quarters

　　An audience like mountains lost among themselves.

　　Heaven and earth moved back and forth, following her motions,

　　Which were bright as when the Archer shot the nine suns down the sky

　　And rapid as angels before the wings of dragons.

　　She began like a thunderbolt, venting its anger,

　　And ended like the shining calm of rivers and the sea....

　　But vanished are those red lips and those pearly sleeves;

　　And none but this one pupil bears the perfume of her fame,

　　This beauty from Lingying, at the Town of the White God,

　　Dancing still and singing in the old blithe way.

　　And while we reply to each other's questions,

　　We sigh together, saddened by changes that have come.

　　There were eight thousand ladies in the late Emperor's court,

　　But none could dance the dagger-dance like Lady Gongsun.

　　...Fifty years have passed, like the turning of a palm;

　　Wind and dust, filling the world, obscure the Imperial House.

　　Instead of the Pear-Garden Players, who have blown by like a mist,

　　There are one or two girl-musicians now-trying to charm the cold Sun.

　　There are man-size trees by the Emperor's Golden Tomb

　　I seem to hear dead grasses rattling on the cliffs of Qutang.

　　...The song is done, the slow string and quick pipe have ceased.

　　At the height of joy, sorrow comes with the eastern moon rising.

　　And I, a poor old man, not knowing where to go,

　　Must harden my feet on the lone hills, toward sickness and despair.

　　元结　石鱼湖上醉歌并序 A DRINKING SONG AT STONE-FISH LAKE

　　漫叟以公田米酿酒，因休暇，则载酒於湖上，时取一醉;欢醉中，据湖岸，引臂向鱼取酒，使舫载之，

　　遍饮坐者。意疑倚巴丘，酌於君山之上，诸子环洞庭而坐，酒舫泛泛然，触波涛而往来者，乃作歌以长之。

　　I have used grain from the public fields, for distilling wine. After my office hours

　　I have the wine loaded on a boat and then I seat my friends on the bank of the lake.

　　The little wine-boats come to each of us and supply us with wine. We seem to be

　　drinking on Pa Islet in Lake Dongting. And I write this poem.

　　石鱼湖，似洞庭

　　夏水欲满君山青

　　山为樽，水为沼

　　酒徒历历坐洲鸟

　　长风连日作大浪

　　不能废人运酒舫

　　我持长瓢坐巴丘

　　酌饮四座以散愁

　　Stone-Fish Lake is like Lake Dongting --

　　When the top of Zun is green and the summer tide is rising.

　　...With the mountain for a table, and the lake a fount of wine,

　　The tipplers all are settled along the sandy shore.

　　Though a stiff wind for days has roughened the water,

　　Wine-boats constantly arrive....

　　I have a long-necked gourd and, happy on Ba Island,

　　I am pouring a drink in every direction doing away with care.

　　韩愈　山石 MOUNTAIN-STONES

　　山石荦确行径微

　　黄昏到寺蝙蝠飞

　　升堂坐阶新雨足

　　芭蕉叶大栀子肥

　　僧言古壁佛画好

　　以火来照所见稀

　　铺床拂席置羹饭

　　疏粝亦足饱我饥

　　夜深静卧百虫绝

　　清月出岭光入扉

　　天明独去无道路

　　出入高下穷烟霏

　　山红涧碧纷烂漫

　　时见松枥皆十围

　　当流赤足蹋涧石

　　水声激激风吹衣

　　人生如此自可乐

　　岂必局束为人 [革几]

　　嗟哉吾党二三子

　　安得至老不更归

　　Rough were the mountain-stones, and the path very narrow;

　　And when I reached the temple, bats were in the dusk.

　　I climbed to the hall, sat on the steps, and drank the rain- washed air

　　Among the round gardenia-pods and huge bananaleaves.

　　On the old wall, said the priest, were Buddhas finely painted,

　　And he brought a light and showed me, and I called them wonderful

　　He spread the bed, dusted the mats, and made my supper ready,

　　And, though the food was coarse, it satisfied my hunger.

　　At midnight, while I lay there not hearing even an insect,

　　The mountain moon with her pure light entered my door....

　　At dawn I left the mountain and, alone, lost my way:

　　In and out, up and down, while a heavy mist

　　Made brook and mountain green and purple, brightening everything.

　　I am passing sometimes pines and oaks, which ten men could not girdle,

　　I am treading pebbles barefoot in swift-running water --

　　Its ripples purify my ear, while a soft wind blows my garments....

　　These are the things which, in themselves, make life happy.

　　Why should we be hemmed about and hampered with people?

　　O chosen pupils, far behind me in my own country,

　　What if I spent my old age here and never went back home?

　　韩愈　八月十五夜赠张功曹

　　ON THE FESTIVAL OF THE MOON

　　TO SUB-OFFICIAL ZHANG

　　纤云四卷天无河

　　清风吹空月舒波

　　沙平水息声影绝

　　一杯相属君当歌

　　君歌声酸辞且苦

　　不能听终泪如雨

　　洞庭连天九疑高

　　蛟龙出没猩鼯号

　　十生九死到官所

　　幽居默默如藏逃

　　下床畏蛇食畏药

　　海气湿蛰熏腥臊

　　昨者州前槌大鼓

　　嗣皇继圣登夔皋

　　赦书一日行万里

　　罪从大辟皆除死

　　迁者追回流者还

　　涤瑕荡垢清朝班

　　州家申名使家抑

　　坎轲只得移荆蛮

　　判司卑官不堪说

　　未免捶楚尘埃间

　　同时辈流多上道

　　天路幽险难追攀

　　君歌且休听我歌

　　我歌今与君殊科

　　一年明月今宵多

　　人生由命非由他

　　有酒不饮奈明何

　　The fine clouds have opened and the River of Stars is gone,

　　A clear wind blows across the sky, and the moon widens its wave,

　　The sand is smooth, the water still, no sound and no shadow,

　　As I offer you a cup of wine, asking you to sing.

　　But so sad is this song of yours and so bitter your voice

　　That before I finish listening my tears have become a rain:

　　"Where Lake Dongting is joined to the sky by the lofty Nine-Doubt Mountain,

　　Dragons, crocodiles, rise and sink, apes, flying foxes, whimper....

　　At a ten to one risk of death, I have reached my official post,

　　Where lonely I live and hushed, as though I were in hiding.

　　I leave my bed, afraid of snakes; I eat, fearing poisons;

　　The air of the lake is putrid, breathing its evil odours....

　　Yesterday, by the district office, the great drum was announcing

　　The crowning of an emperor, a change in the realm.

　　The edict granting pardons runs three hundred miles a day,

　　All those who were to die have had their sentences commuted,

　　The unseated are promoted and exiles are recalled,

　　Corruptions are abolished, clean officers appointed.

　　My superior sent my name in but the governor would not listen

　　And has only transferred me to this barbaric place.

　　My rank is very low and useless to refer to;

　　They might punish me with lashes in the dust of the street.

　　Most of my fellow exiles are now returning home --

　　A journey which, to me, is a heaven beyond climbing."

　　...Stop your song, I beg you, and listen to mine,

　　A song that is utterly different from yours:

　　"Tonight is the loveliest moon of the year.

　　All else is with fate, not ours to control;

　　But, refusing this wine, may we choose more tomorrow?"

　　韩愈　谒衡岳庙遂宿岳寺题门楼 STOPPING AT A TEMPLE ON HENG MOUNTAIN I

　　INSCRIBE THIS POEM IN THE GATE-TOWER

　　五岳祭秩皆三公

　　四方环镇嵩当中

　　火维地荒足妖怪

　　天假神柄专其雄

　　喷云泄雾藏半腹

　　虽有绝顶谁能穷

　　我来正逢秋雨节

　　阴气晦昧无清风

　　潜心默祷若有应

　　岂非正直能感通

　　须臾静扫众峰出

　　仰见突兀撑青空

　　紫盖连延接天柱

　　石廪腾掷堆祝融

　　森然魄动下马拜

　　松柏一迳趋灵宫

　　纷墙丹柱动光彩

　　鬼物图画填青红

　　升阶伛偻荐脯酒

　　欲以菲薄明其衷

　　庙内老人识神意

　　睢盱侦伺能鞠躬

　　手持杯 [王交] 导我掷

　　云此最吉馀难同

　　窜逐蛮荒幸不死

　　衣食才足甘长终

　　侯王将相望久绝

　　神纵欲福难为功

　　夜投佛寺上高阁

　　星月掩映云 [日童][日龙]

　　猿鸣钟动不知曙

　　杲杲寒日生於东

　　The five Holy Mountains have the rank of the Three Dukes.

　　The other four make a ring, with the Song Mountain midmost.

　　To this one, in the fire-ruled south, where evil signs are rife,

　　Heaven gave divine power, ordaining it a peer.

　　All the clouds and hazes are hidden in its girdle;

　　And its forehead is beholden only by a few.

　　...I came here in autumn, during the rainy season,

　　When the sky was overcast and the clear wind gone.

　　I quieted my mind and prayed, hoping for an answer;

　　For assuredly righteous thinking reaches to high heaven.

　　And soon all the mountain-peaks were showing me their faces;

　　I looked up at a pinnacle that held the clean blue sky:

　　The wide Purple-Canopy joined the Celestial Column;

　　The Stone Granary leapt, while the Fire God stood still.

　　Moved by this token, I dismounted to offer thanks.

　　A long path of pine and cypress led to the temple.

　　Its white walls and purple pillars shone, and the vivid colour

　　Of gods and devils filled the place with patterns of red and blue.

　　I climbed the steps and, bending down to sacrifice, besought

　　That my pure heart might be welcome, in spite of my humble offering.

　　The old priest professed to know the judgment of the God:

　　He was polite and reverent, making many bows.

　　He handed me divinity-cups, he showed me how to use them

　　And told me that my fortune was the very best of all.

　　Though exiled to a barbarous land, mine is a happy life.

　　Plain food and plain clothes are all I ever wanted.

　　To be prince, duke, premier, general, was never my desire;

　　And if the God would bless me, what better could he grant than this ? --

　　At night I lie down to sleep in the top of a high tower;

　　While moon and stars glimmer through the darkness of the clouds....

　　Apes call, a bell sounds. And ready for dawn

　　I see arise, far in the east the cold bright sun.