七言绝句·乐府(六)

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　　杜甫　韦讽录事宅观曹将军画马图 A DRAWING OF AHORSE BY GENERAL CAO

　　AT SECRETARY WEI FENG'S HOUSE

　　国初以来画鞍马

　　神妙独数江都王

　　将军得名三十载

　　人间又见真乘黄

　　曾貌先帝照夜白

　　龙池十日飞霹雳

　　内府殷红玛瑙盘

　　婕妤传诏才人索

　　盘赐将军拜舞归

　　轻纨细绮相追飞

　　贵戚权门得笔迹

　　始觉屏障生光辉

　　昔日太宗拳毛 [马呙]

　　近时郭家狮子花

　　今之新图有二马

　　复令识者久叹嗟

　　此皆骑战一敌万

　　缟素漠漠开风沙

　　其馀七匹亦殊绝

　　迥若寒空杂烟雪

　　霜蹄蹴踏长楸间

　　马官厮养森成列

　　可怜九马争神骏

　　顾视清高气深稳

　　借问苦心爱者谁

　　後有韦讽前支盾

　　忆昔巡幸新丰宫

　　翠花拂天来向东

　　腾骧磊落三万匹

　　皆与此图筋骨同

　　自从献宝朝河宗

　　无复射蛟江水中

　　君不见

　　金粟堆前松柏里

　　龙媒去尽鸟呼风

　　Throughout this dynasty no one had painted horses

　　Like the master-spirit, Prince Jiangdu --

　　And then to General Cao through his thirty years of fame

　　The world's gaze turned, for royal steeds.

　　He painted the late Emperor's luminous white horse.

　　For ten days the thunder flew over Dragon Lake,

　　And a pink-agate plate was sent him from the palace-

　　The talk of the court-ladies, the marvel of all eyes.

　　The General danced, receiving it in his honoured home

　　After this rare gift, followed rapidly fine silks

　　From many of the nobles, requesting that his art

　　Lend a new lustre to their screens.

　　...First came the curly-maned horse of Emperor Taizong,

　　Then, for the Guos, a lion-spotted horse....

　　But now in this painting I see two horses,

　　A sobering sight for whosoever knew them.

　　They are war- horses. Either could face ten thousand.

　　They make the white silk stretch away into a vast desert.

　　And the seven others with them are almost as noble

　　Mist and snow are moving across a cold sky,

　　And hoofs are cleaving snow-drifts under great trees-

　　With here a group of officers and there a group of servants.

　　See how these nine horses all vie with one another-

　　The high clear glance, the deep firm breath.

　　...Who understands distinction? Who really cares for art?

　　You, Wei Feng, have followed Cao; Zhidun preceded him.

　　...I remember when the late Emperor came toward his Summer Palace,

　　The procession, in green-feathered rows, swept from the eastern sky --

　　Thirty thousand horses, prancing, galloping,

　　Fashioned, every one of them, like the horses in this picture....

　　But now the Imperial Ghost receives secret jade from the River God,

　　For the Emperor hunts crocodiles no longer by the streams.

　　Where you see his Great Gold Tomb, you may hear among the pines

　　A bird grieving in the wind that the Emperor's horses are gone.

　　杜甫　丹青引赠曹霸将军 A SONG OF A PAINTING TO GENERAL CAO

　　将军魏武之子孙

　　於今为庶为青门

　　英雄割据虽已矣

　　文采风流今尚存

　　学书初学卫夫人

　　但恨无过王右军

　　丹青不知老将至

　　富贵於我如浮云

　　开元之中常引见

　　承恩数上南熏殿

　　凌烟功臣少颜色

　　将军下笔开生面

　　良相头上进贤冠

　　猛将腰间大羽箭

　　褒公鄂公毛发动

　　英姿飒爽犹酣战

　　先帝天马玉花骢

　　画工如山貌不同

　　是日牵来赤墀下

　　迥立阊阖生长风

　　诏谓将军拂绢素

　　意匠惨淡经营中

　　斯须九重真龙出

　　一洗万古凡马空

　　玉花却在御榻上

　　榻上庭前屹相向

　　至尊含笑催赐金

　　圉人太仆皆惆怅

　　弟子韩干早入室

　　亦能画马穷殊相

　　干惟画肉不画骨

　　忍使骅骝气凋丧

　　将军画善盖有神

　　偶逢佳士亦写真

　　即今漂泊干戈际

　　屡貌寻常行路人

　　涂穷反遭俗眼白

　　世上未有如公贫

　　但看古来盛名下

　　终日坎 [土禀] 缠其身

　　A General, descended from Wei's Emperor Wu,

　　You are nobler now than when a noble....

　　Conquerors and their valour perish,

　　But masters of beauty live forever.

　　...With your brush-work learned from Lady Wei

　　And second only to Wang Xizhi's,

　　Faithful to your art, you know no age,

　　Letting wealth and fame drift by like clouds.

　　...In the years of Kaiyuan you were much with the Emperor,

　　Accompanied him often to the Court of the South Wind.

　　When the spirit left great statesmen, on walls of the Hall of Fame

　　The point of your brush preserved their living faces.

　　You crowned all the premiers with coronets of office;

　　You fitted all commanders with arrows at their girdles;

　　You made the founders of this dynasty, with every hair alive,

　　Seem to be just back from the fierceness of a battle.

　　...The late Emperor had a horse, known as Jade Flower,

　　Whom artists had copied in various poses.

　　They led him one day to the red marble stairs

　　With his eyes toward the palace in the deepening air.

　　Then, General, commanded to proceed with your work,

　　You centred all your being on a piece of silk.

　　And later, when your dragon-horse, born of the sky,

　　Had banished earthly horses for ten thousand generations,

　　There was one Jade Flower standing on the dais

　　And another by the steps, and they marvelled at each other....

　　The Emperor rewarded you with smiles and with gifts,

　　While officers and men of the stud hung about and stared.

　　...Han Gan, your follower, has likewise grown proficient

　　At representing horses in all their attitudes;

　　But picturing the flesh, he fails to draw the bone-

　　So that even the finest are deprived of their spirit.

　　You, beyond the mere skill, used your art divinely-

　　And expressed, not only horses, but the life of a good man....

　　Yet here you are, wandering in a world of disorder

　　And sketching from time to time some petty passerby

　　People note your case with the whites of their eyes.

　　There's nobody purer, there's nobody poorer.

　　...Read in the records, from earliest times,

　　How hard it is to be a great artist.

　　杜甫　寄韩谏议... A LETTER TO CENSOR HAN

　　今我不乐思岳阳

　　身欲奋飞病在床

　　美人娟娟隔秋水

　　濯足洞庭望八荒

　　鸿飞冥冥日月白

　　青枫叶赤天雨霜

　　玉京群帝集北斗

　　或骑麒麟翳凤凰

　　芙蓉旌旗烟雾落

　　影动倒景摇潇湘

　　星宫之君醉琼浆

　　羽人稀少不在旁

　　似闻昨者赤松子

　　恐是汉代韩张良

　　昔随刘氏定长安

　　帷幄未改神惨伤

　　国家成败吾岂敢

　　色难腥腐餐枫香

　　周南留滞古所惜

　　南极老人应寿昌

　　美人胡为隔秋水

　　焉得置之贡玉堂

　　I am sad. My thoughts are in Youzhou.

　　I would hurry there-but I am sick in bed.

　　...Beauty would be facing me across the autumn waters.

　　Oh, to wash my feet in Lake Dongting and see at its eight corners

　　Wildgeese flying high, sun and moon both white,

　　Green maples changing to red in the frosty sky,

　　Angels bound for the Capital of Heaven, near the North Star,

　　Riding, some of them phrenixes, and others unicorns,

　　With banners of hibiscus and with melodies of mist,

　　Their shadows dancing upside-down in the southern rivers,

　　Till the Queen of the Stars, drowsy with her nectar,

　　Would forget the winged men on either side of her!

　　...From the Wizard of the Red Pine this word has come for me:

　　That after his earlier follower he has now a new disciple

　　Who, formerly at the capital as Emperor Liu's adviser,

　　In spite of great successes, never could be happy.

　　...What are a country's rise and fall?

　　Can flesh-pots be as fragrant as mountain fruit?....

　　I grieve that he is lost far away in the south.

　　May the star of long life accord him its blessing!

　　...O purity, to seize you from beyond the autumn waters

　　And to place you as an offering in the Court of Imperial Jade.

　　杜甫　古柏行 A SONG OF AN OLD CYPRESS

　　孔明庙前有老柏

　　柯如青铜根如石

　　双皮溜雨四十围

　　黛色参天二千尺

　　君臣已与时际会

　　树木犹为人爱惜

　　云来气接巫峡长

　　月出寒通雪山白

　　忆昨路绕锦亭东

　　先主武侯同 [门必]宫

　　崔嵬枝干郊原古

　　窈窕丹青户牖空

　　落落盘踞虽得地

　　冥冥孤高多烈风

　　扶持自是神明力

　　正直元因造化功

　　大厦如倾要梁栋

　　万牛回首丘山重

　　不露文章世已惊

　　未辞剪伐谁能送

　　苦心岂免容蝼蚁

　　香叶终经宿鸾凤

　　志士幽人莫怨嗟

　　古来材大难为用

　　Beside the Temple of the Great Premier stands an ancient cypress

　　With a trunk of green bronze and a root of stone.

　　The girth of its white bark would be the reach of forty men

　　And its tip of kingfish-blue is two thousand feet in heaven.

　　Dating from the days of a great ruler's great statesman,

　　Their very tree is loved now and honoured by the people.

　　Clouds come to it from far away, from the Wu cliffs,

　　And the cold moon glistens on its peak of snow.

　　...East of the Silk Pavilion yesterday I found

　　The ancient ruler and wise statesman both worshipped in one temple,

　　Whose tree, with curious branches, ages the whole landscape

　　In spite of the fresh colours of the windows and the doors.

　　And so firm is the deep root, so established underground,

　　That its lone lofty boughs can dare the weight of winds,

　　Its only protection the Heavenly Power,

　　Its only endurance the art of its Creator.

　　Though oxen sway ten thousand heads, they cannot move a mountain.

　　...When beams are required to restore a great house,

　　Though a tree writes no memorial, yet people understand

　　That not unless they fell it can use be made of it....

　　Its bitter heart may be tenanted now by black and white ants,

　　But its odorous leaves were once the nest of phoenixes and pheasants.

　　...Let wise and hopeful men harbour no complaint.

　　The greater the timber, the tougher it is to use.