2015年成人英语三级阅读理解主旨大意题解题方法

2015-05-04 16:25:00来源：网络

例3

　　The death of reading has been frequently, if not prematurely, reported. We are toldthat we live in an audio-visual age with radio,television,film,or other forms for ear and eye replacing the printed page. The picture is said to be faster to present, more adapta-ble to the message, and easier to comprehend.

　　How can anyone be expected to resist the tide, the torrent of competing images?

　　Can we preserve the printed page and the art and skills of reading? Untold teachers, writers,and others have struggled to show the rewards of reading,to demonstrate the practical values, and to encourage reading for personal discovery and growth. The ques-tion is whether the dedicated have had more influence than the image-flashers. Fortu-nately there are some hopeful signs.

　　We can note the publication of more books, magazines, and papers than in any pre-vious time in our history. Libraries report far greater use than ever before. Schools con-tinue to show large numbers at all ages(except the young,due to a changing birthrate)seeking to attend. Even the visual media acknowledge their great dependence on the production of the printed word. Reading is not dead, dying, or. seriously ill. It remains as the major avenue to individual learning and satisfaction.

　　If you agree with the point of view in this article you would probably

　　A. read less than ever

　　B. rely more on visual media

　　C. watch television selectively

　　D. attach due importance to reading

　　这道题绕了个圈子，问的还是文章中心思想。根据中心思想句出现的位置和特征，我们读到文章第一句：The death of reading has been frequently，if not prematurely，reported。文章最后一句：Reading is not dead，dying，or seriously ill.It remains as the major avenue to individual learning and satisfaction.文章第一句是说人们一直认为阅读已消亡。经过一番论述，文章最后一句总结说阅读没有消亡，相反仍然是个人学习和满足的主要途径。可见这句是文章的中心思想句。用这句意思去看四个选择项，不难发现D.attach due importance to reading是正确答案。

　　2.主题句解题法

　　主题句通常以判断句的形式出现，在文章中的通常位置为第一段首句、第一段末句和全文末句等地方。

　　(1)主题句在首段首句

　　许多文章开门见山，一开始就摆出要说明的主要对象或要论述的主要观点，接下去的句子和段落都说明或论述它。这样，文章的结构就属于从一般到具体，主题也就在首段首句。

　　例4

　　Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive(认知的)ar-eas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age.

　　People will be alert(警觉的)and receptive(愿意接受的)if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind.

　　Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. "The idea is not necessary to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information,"says James Fozard, associate director of the National Institute on Aging. "Most of us don't need that kind of skill. Such specif- ic training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness. " Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skills, both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work.

　　Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups. Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted, "The point is, you need to do both," Cohen says. "Intellectual activity actually influ-ences brain-cell health and size. "

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