2022年高级口译阅读：生活导师的作用

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　　Do You Need A Life Coach

　　Ten years ago, life coaching was seen as a fringe, New Age fad with just a

　　few thousand practitioners. Today life coaches are represented by a trade group,

　　the International Coach Federation, that claims more than 15,000 members. Work

　　issues? A coach can help. Marriage difficulties? Let them reduce the conflict.

　　Writer’s block? They’ll tap your inner poet. Even as the field grows, critics

　　point out that there is no licensing system, standardized credentialing, or

　　academic discipline behind this. "To me, it’s like going to a psychic," says Dr.

　　Marilyn Puder-York, a clinical psychologist who has coached executives for more

　　than 30 years and who managed Citigroup’s in-house Employee Assistance Program.

　　"If you’re lucky, you might find someone really good."

　　Life coaching has become the Wild West of the career-development and

　　therapeutic world. Part psychotherapy, part Oprah, and part common sense,

　　coaches often bill themselves as listeners and cheerleaders who help clients

　　figure out how to move their lives in a particular direction. They are typically

　　not trained social workers or doctors. Usually, they charge by the hour with

　　sessions in major cities costing from $75 to $300 per hour. The industry is not

　　regulated or governed by a code of ethics, like the legal or medical

　　professions. At its best, life coaching can help clients change behavior or

　　reinvent themselves. At its worst, life coaching can prey on Americans’ growing

　　anxiety about the future and their jobs.

　　During the last recession, in 2001, 48-year-old Karen Underhill turned to a

　　life coach for advice. Underhill disliked her job as a computer-network

　　administrator, but she was unsure how to switch careers without a college

　　degree. Her coach helped her map out a plan to return to school, secure

　　financial aid, and find internships in communications and education. "The

　　coaching helped me get motivated," Underhill says. "My coach made me think

　　forward and visualize what I want."

　　More trained professionals are finding their way into the coaching industry

　　as a means to tap into a growing sector, make extra cash, or work with people

　　who may normally look down on the idea of therapy. The American Psychological

　　Association anecdotally reports an increase in the number of social workers and

　　therapists turning to coaching because the pay-out-of-pocket model lets them

　　circumvent the insurance industry. And, for people who attach a social stigma to

　　more conventional forms of therapy, life coaching may offer some type of

　　relief.

　　There are dangers, however. Among them: life coaches are not trained to

　　recognize mental or emotional distress—or worse, that their unregulated methods

　　could cause problems in their clients’ lives. Dr. Puder-York remembers a client

　　who’d had a particularly bad experience with a former schoolteacher who

　　transformed herself into a life coach. The client, a 41-year-old female finance

　　executive, needed help coping with the politics of her predominantly male

　　workplace. Instead, the schoolteacher turned coach harped on the client’s

　　personal life, including asking why she’d never married or given birth to any

　　children. "That coach was not credentialed to go there," Puder-York says. "It

　　could have set up a really bad emotional episode had that coach done that with

　　someone more vulnerable."

　　It isn’t just the desire to help others that motivates people to become

　　life coaches. With unemployment hovering around 10 percent, many out-of-work

　　consultants, middle managers, and human-resources executives are turning to the

　　potentially lucrative field of life coaching. The going rate for life coaches is

　　$189 per hour, with an average annual salary of $52,478, according to the

　　International Coach Federation.

　　It’s best to look for coaches with backgrounds in psychology or

　　psychotherapy, or for professionals with experience in human resources or

　　management who now work as career coaches. In terms of the actual sessions, life

　　coaches say their colleagues should ask questions rather than dole out advice or

　　probe into clients’ pasts, and they should stick to the topic clients hire them

　　to tackle: be it résumé writing, career development, or relationships.

　　词句笔记：

　　fringe：n.流苏，刘海，边缘;adj.边缘的;vt.作为……的边缘，装饰……的边

　　fringe costs：附加费用

　　fringe industry：边缘产业

　　tap：n.水龙头，窃听器;vt.轻拍，敲打，开发，开辟，装窃听器

　　tap your inner poet：触动你内心的诗意

　　tap into a growing sector：涉足一个新兴的产业

　　harp on：喋喋不休

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