2022年上海高级口译必备练习题 (13)

2022年上海高级口译必备练习题 (13)

　　上海高级口译相对来说难度更大，对于基础和中级口译来说，上海高级口译考察大家英语知识点会更广泛。这对于大家来说是备考的难点。那么在实际的备考中，这部分内容应该如何进行积累学习呢?下面小编为大家整理了“2022年上海高级口译必备练习题 (13)”，让我们一起来看看吧!

　　高级口译下半场第三篇：

　　题目：

　　1、What is the Electoral College? what is its basic function?

　　2、Why does the author propose to abolish the institution of the Electoral

　　College? What is the major cause of the American government’s dysfunction?

　　3、Why does the author suggest replacing the members of the Electoral

　　College with the House of Representatives? What is the problem with this

　　remedy?

　　According to the author, what is the “must reasonable” solution to end

　　America’s divided government? What is the practice adopted in Iowa?

　　读完题目后我们可以遇见出文章内容。文章的关键词是Electoral College。作者提议废除Electoral

　　College。并由此引出美国政府体制的失常。废除Electoral College之后，作者评析了replacing the members of the

　　Electoral College with the House of Representatives的方法。最后作者提出了一个最终的结论。

　　本文如下：

　　As the wealthiest nation in history debates whether we're interested in

　　paying our bills, it's time to unmask the true cause of our dysfunction: Neither

　　Republicans nor Democrats are ultimately to blame. Instead, the problem lies at

　　the antiquated core of the world's oldest, creakiest democracy. More

　　specifically, we must abolish that most heinous of institutions, the Electoral

　　College.

　　I'm not sure I've ever met anyone with a kind word to say about the

　　College, a seemingly vestigial group that meets every four years to formally

　　elect the president we all already voted for. Other countries with

　　well-functioning governments have similar mysterious organs in place (call them

　　the tonsils of democracy), but with a crucial difference: We're the only nation

　　on Earth to continue electing an executive president, as opposed to a

　　figurehead, in this fashion.

　　Why is this such a problem? I present you with Exhibit A: whatever's

　　currently on the front page of today's Tribune. Exhibit B: yesterday's front

　　page; Exhibit C: tomorrow's; etc, etc. The slow-motion brain-flatulence of a

　　government shutdown is a perfect example of the problems inherent to divided

　　government, where two co-equal branches are pitted against one another, run by

　　opposing leaders with no incentive to compromise. This paralysis is an

　　inevitable outcome of a system dominated by two ideologically distinct parties,

　　elected separately to three institutions meant to check and balance each

　　other.

　　And yet, a simple tweak could dramatically decrease the odds of this

　　division reoccurring, without requiring any major changes to our Constitution.

　　Merely replacing the members of the Electoral College with the House of

　　Representatives would ensure that, at least half the time, the president and the

　　House were in alignment — and if we reformed the redistricting process to ensure

　　truly democratic congressional elections, our government would function even

　　more smoothly.

　　In this scenario, every four years, voters would elect congresspeople who

　　would then elect a president, similar to how parliamentary systems choose a

　　prime minister. In those elections, congressional races would function as a

　　proxy for the presidential race — as they largely do already. Congressional

　　elections have become nationalized, as most candidates align themselves with

　　their party's presidential nominee and run on national issues like the budget,

　　gun control and health care, so this would be no great change.

　　There would still be a chance for gridlock, of course — for one thing, the

　　Senate is left entirely out of this equation. In off-year elections, it's

　　possible that the president's party would lose a majority in the House, ensuring

　　the same divided government we have today. But such division would be guaranteed

　　to end after two years, a fact that would dramatically alter the incentives for

　　congressional leaders.

　　It's certainly true that this alone isn't a very dramatic reform, and that

　　as long as we're talking about constitutional amendments, why not go all-out and

　　adopt a parliamentary system like most well-functioning Western governments?

　　That might be a great idea, and political scientists — from the late Yale

　　political science scholar Juan Linz, to Slate magazine's Matt Yglesias — have

　　long noted that presidential systems have a pretty terrible track record, with

　　America being the sole exception to an otherwise unbroken string of failure. But

　　it just doesn't seem politically possible to attempt such a wholesale revamp of

　　our governance structure, particularly since the mere ratification of a

　　constitutional amendment hasn't happened in 21 years.

　　There is one objection to this idea that I take very seriously, however. Do

　　we really feel comfortable putting the election of the president in the hands of

　　America's most despised political institution, the House of Representatives? As

　　currently constructed, of course not. For one thing, in 2012, Democrats won more

　　than 1.7 million more votes than Republicans in the House, and yet Republicans

　　retained a 17-seat majority. That imbalance is antithetical to any democratic

　　ideal, and it has to be fixed, whether or not we also allow the House to elect

　　the president.

　　The solution that strikes me as the most reasonable is to inaugurate a

　　national, nonpartisan redistricting agency, modeled on the one in place and

　　working well in Iowa. That agency uses impartial software to automatically

　　generate district lines that disregard all factors except population, boundaries

　　then subject to approval by the legislature and governor. In Illinois, by

　　contrast, a bipartisan committee draws those lines and, if the four Republicans

　　and four Democrats on the committee can't agree on a map, a ninth member is

　　chosen by drawing a name from a replica of Abraham Lincoln's hat.

　　I wish I was kidding about that last bit. If our government is so badly

　　broken that it all comes down to an idea seemingly stolen from a Harry Potter

　　novel, is it any surprise that it can't do its job?

　　以上就是为大家整理的“2022年上海高级口译必备练习题 (13)”，希望大家能够更好的学习上海高级口译，取得理想的成绩。