2022年上海高级口译复习：陈冯富珍在世界防治结核病日媒体

2022年上海高级口译复习：陈冯富珍在世界防治结核病日媒体

　　上海高级口译相对来说难度更大，对于基础和中级口译来说，上海高级口译考察大家英语知识点会更广泛。这对于大家来说是备考的难点。那么在实际的备考中，这部分内容应该如何进行积累学习呢?下面小编为大家整理了“2022年上海高级口译复习：陈冯富珍在世界防治结核病日媒体”，让我们一起来看看吧!

　　Remarksat a press briefing on World Tuberculosis Day

　　在世界防治结核病日媒体通报会上的讲话

　　Dr Margaret Chan, Director-Generalof the World Health Organization

　　世界卫生组织总干事陈冯富珍博士

　　Geneva, Switzerland

　　瑞士日内瓦

　　18 March 2013

　　2013年3月18日

　　Ladiesand gentlemen,

　　女士们、先生们：

　　I am pleased to brief you on theTB situation, together with WHO staff and Dr Mark Dybul, the Executive Directorof the Global Fund. The Global Fund provides the vast majority of internationaldonor funding for TB.

　　我很高兴与世卫组织职员和全球基金执行主任Mark Dybul博士一道向大家介绍结核病情况。全球基金提供了绝大部分结核病国际捐助资金。

　　Twenty years ago, in 1993, WHOdeclared the spread of tuberculosis a global public health emergency. Thatunprecedented step was sparked by an explosion of cases, in rich and poor countriesalike, largely fueled by the AIDS epidemic.

　　20年前，也就是1993年，世卫组织将结核病的传播宣布为全球公共卫生紧急情况。这一史无前例的举动是由于病例的急剧上升而引发的，当时不论是穷国还是富国的病例数大都因艾滋病流行出现了上升。

　　Two decades later, it isappropriate to ask: have we conquered, or at least tamed, the TB emergency?Yes, and no.

　　20年之后，人们可以妥当地问道：我们是否已经战胜，或者至少抑制了结核病紧急情况?肯定与否定兼而有之。

　　On many levels, TB control is aglowing success story. In the mid-1990s, WHO promoted the DOTS approach andthen refined it as a six-pronged strategy to stop TB.

　　在多个层面上，结核病控制属于栩栩如生的成功故事。在上世纪90年代中期，世卫组织促进采用DOTS这种方式，随后被细化为遏制结核病六管齐下战略。

　　Within a decade, the strategy hadbeen adopted in nearly every country in the world. It worked. In fact, it had adramatic impact.

　　在十年内，世界上几乎每一个国家都采纳了这一战略。这一做法很凑效。实际上，它产生了很大影响。

　　The epidemic which, in 1993,looked set to spiral out of control, peaked ten years ago and began a slow butsteady decline. The Millennium Development target of halting and reversing theTB epidemic by 2015 has already been achieved. Overall, the world is on trackto meet the target of a 50% reduction in deaths compared with 1990.

　　疾病疫情在1993年时看起来会失控，十年前已经达到顶峰，之后开始缓慢持续下降。到2015年遏制并扭转结核病流行这一千年发展目标已经得以实现。总体而言，全世界可以按期实现在1990年基础上将死亡数减少一半的目标。

　　Between 1995 and 2011, 51 millionpeople were successfully treated for TB using the WHO strategy, saving 20million lives.

　　1995年至2011年间，有5100万结核病人利用世卫组织战略得到成功治疗，挽救了2000万人的生命。

　　Such success is all the moreimpressive considering that TB care and control have relied on antiquatedtools. TB is unique among the major infectious diseases in that nopoint-of-care diagnostic test is available.

　　考虑到结核病治疗和控制一直依赖于陈旧的工具，这类成功就更加令人钦佩。结核病在主要传染病中之所以独特，就在于尚不具备医疗站点诊断测试方法。

　　The humble microscope hasremained the principal diagnostic tool for a century. Moreover, no easy-to-useand accurate test for detecting TB in children exists.

　　一个世纪以来，简陋显微镜一直是主要的诊断工具。此外，尚没有用来发现儿童结核病的易于使用并且准确的检测方法。

　　This situation, too, is beginningto change. An unprecedented number of vaccines are now at various stages ofdevelopment. The end of last year saw regulatory approval of the first new TBdrug in 50 years.

　　这种局面也在开始发生改变。现在从未有过这么多种类的疫苗处于不同的开发阶段。在去年底，50年来第一个新的结核病药物得到了监管部门的批准。

　　In late 2010, WHO endorsed arapid molecular test that can reliably diagnose TB and drug resistance, even inpatients co-infected with HIV, within hours instead of weeks or even months.The test has been rolled out in 77 low- and middle-income countries, and theprice of tests has dropped by more than 40%.

　　2010年末，世卫组织批准了一种快速分子检测法，可以在数小时之内(而不是数周甚至数月之内)，即便是对那些合并感染了艾滋病毒的病人，也可以作出结核病和耐药性可靠诊断。这一检测方法已经在77个低收入和中等收入国家推开使用，其价格降低了40%以上。

　　This is the positive side.

　　这是好的一面。

　　The negative side has threedimensions.

　　不利的一面有三种情况。

　　The first dimension is scale.Despite recent success in shrinking the epidemic, the global TB burden remainsenormous. In 2011, an estimated 8.7 million people developed TB, and 1.4million died. This makes TB second only to HIV/AIDS as the greatest killerworldwide due to a single infectious agent.

　　第一种情况是疫情规模。尽管最近在缩小疫情范围方面取得了成功，但是全球结核病负担仍然很大。2011年，估计有870万人染上结核病，有140万人失去了生命。这使得结核病仅仅是继艾滋病毒/艾滋病之后，在全世界由单一传染性病原体引起的最大杀手。

　　The second dimension is the riseof TB strains that are resistant to multiple first-line drugs or extensivelyresistant to second-line drugs as well.

　　第二个方面是结核耐药菌株的上升，这些菌株对多种一线药物具有耐药性，或者还对二线药物具有广泛耐药性。

　　MDR-TB has been detected invirtually every country that has looked for it. XDR-TB, confined to just ahandful of countries a few years ago, has now been reported in 84 countries.

　　耐多药结核病几乎在作出调查的每一个国家都已发现。广泛耐药结核在几年前还仅仅局限在少数几个国家，然而现在的报告已遍及84个国家。

　　Worldwide, an estimated 630,000people are ill with MDR-TB. The significance of that number is amplifiedconsiderably by the extreme burden it places on patients, families, and healthsystems.

　　从世界范围来看，估计有63万人患有耐多药结核病。这一疾病给病人、家庭和卫生系统带来了极大负担，这一点大大加大了这一数字本身的意义。

　　Drug-resistant TB is notoriouslydifficult to diagnose and extremely difficult and costly to treat. Though cureof MDR-TB is feasible, it takes 20 to 24 months of treatment with expensive andtoxic drugs, some of which need to be administered by injection and some ofwhich are in short supply.

　　耐药性结核病极其难以诊断，很难做出治疗并且费用昂贵。虽然耐多药结核病有可能得以治愈，但这需要用昂贵并且带有毒性的药物进行为期20至24个月的治疗，有些药物需要采用注射方式，有些会出现缺货情况。

　　The costs of treating MDR-TB canbe several hundred times higher than costs for treating drug-susceptible TB. Onaverage, only around 50% of MDR-TB cases are cured.

　　与治疗敏感型结核病带来的费用相比，治疗耐多药结核病的费用可能会高出数百倍。平均而言，仅仅约有50%的耐多药结核病例可以得以治愈。

　　The emergence of MDR-TB, atdramatic levels in some settings, is a signal that care and control measureshave failed. When patients are given too little treatment, stop taking theirmedicines, or are treated with sub-standard medicines, only the weakest TBbacteria are killed.

　　某些情况下发生耐多药结核病的情况十分显著，这预示着治疗和控制措施失去了效果。但病人的治疗时间过短，停止服药或者用低质药品治疗，就只能杀死那些最为脆弱的结核菌。

　　This leaves the heartier ones tosurvive in a drug-resistant form. In other words, the emergence of MDR- andXDR-TB can be attributed to poor quality treatment.

　　这就使得那些较为凶猛的细菌以耐药形式存活下来。换言之，耐多药以及广泛耐药结核的出现可归咎于治疗质量的低劣。

　　However, this situation ischanging.

　　然而，这一状况正在发生改变。

　　Worldwide, nearly 4% of peoplenewly ill with TB are resistant to multiple drugs right at the start. Thismeans that MDR-TB is being transmitted directly from one person to another.

　　从全球情况看，几乎有4%的结核病新发病人在一开始就对多种药物具有耐药性。这意味着耐多药结核病正在人际间传播。

　　In some countries, as many as 35%of new cases have MDR-TB at the start. This gives you an idea of the powder kegwe are sitting on.

　　有些国家高达35%的新发病例一开始就患有耐多药结核。这就使大家大概知道了我们所坐的火药桶。

　　We must learn from countries thathave contained the threat and urgently support those where MDR-TB is nearly thenorm.

　　我们必须从那些已经控制住疾病威胁的国家那里汲取经验教训，并且迫切需要对那些耐多药结核病几乎是常模的国家提供支持。

　　We are just treading water whenwe desperately need to scale up the MDR-TB response. What has been gainedthrough impressive international collaboration can be so easily lost.

　　当我们迫切需要不断加大对耐多药结核病作出应对之时，我们却仅仅在试水。通过大型国际合作而取得的成绩可以很容易丧失掉。

　　The final dimension is financial.The funding gap for TB care and control is substantial. You will hear in just afew minutes what the gaps are in low- and middle-income countries that areeligible to receive Global Fund grants.

　　最后一个方面是财务问题。结核病治疗和控制方面的资金缺口很大。再过几分钟你们就会听到，那些有资格获得全球基金赠款的低收入和中等收入国家所存在的缺口数额。

　　We are calling for the investmentthat this global epidemic deserves.

　　我们呼吁对这项全球疫情做出应有投资。

　　Thank you.

　　谢谢大家!

　　以上就是为大家整理的“2022年上海高级口译复习：陈冯富珍在世界防治结核病日媒体”，希望大家能够更好的学习上海高级口译，取得理想的成绩。