英语介词用法：涉及介词用法的典型易错题

2023-09-20 18:16:06来源：新东方在线

涉及介词用法的典型易错题

1. “You went late _______ the stadium yesterday evening, didn’t you?” “Yes, my wife was a little late _______ the supper.”

A. to, with B. for, with

C. for, for D. at, for

【陷阱】容易误选 B 或D。

【分析】答案应选 A。第一空填to 比较好理解，因为此处的late为副词，用以修饰 go to the stadium 中的动词go；而第二句的 with 则是许多同学不容易想到的，相反，更多地可能是想到 for，现将两者区别如下：be late for表示做某事迟到，而be late with 表示做某事做晚了(=be late in doing sth)。比较：

We were late for dinner. 我们吃饭迟到了。

We were late with dinner [=in having dinner]. 我们吃饭吃得迟。

句中 my wife was a little late with the supper 的意思是“我妻子准备晚饭稍迟了一点”。

2. We were all worried over _______ you were sick.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

【陷阱】容易误选 A 或 B。

【分析】答案应选 D。按英语习惯，除except, but 等极个别介词外，英语介词后通常不能直接跟 that 从句作宾语。遇此情况，通常是在 that 从句前加上 the fact，此时 the fact 用作介词宾语，而其后 that 从句则用作 the fact 的同位语。请看类似试题（答案选均D）：

(1) They knew nothing about ______ he was a thief.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

(2) She must face up to _______ she is no longer young.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

(3) What he said at the meeting referred to _______ he was interested in the project.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

(4) Their belief is proved by the fact that the death penalty prevents murder.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

(5) The writer is not satisfied with _______ buses are too crowded.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

3. Sometimes our opinions differ _______ what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we’ve observed

A. which B. since

C. because D. because of

【陷阱】容易误选C。因为按英语语法习惯，because是连词，其后接句子；而because of是复合介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词等。

【分析】此题答案选D。because 作为从属连词，主要用于引导原因状语从句，既然是引导一个从句，也就是说它的后面不能再连用“引导词”。如：

He was angry because we were late. 他很生气因为我们迟到了。

They can’t have gone out because the light is on. 他们不可能出去了，因为灯还亮着。

Bread is cheap in this supermarket because they bake it themselves.这家超市的面包是自制的，所以便宜。

假若，一个从句已经有了自己的“引导词”，那么它前面就不宜再用 because 这个连词了。如：

She got angry because of what you said. 她哭是因为你说的话。

句中的 what 相当于 the thing that，也就是说 what you said 相当于 the thing that you said。其中 the thing 用作 because of 的宾语，而that you said 为修饰 the thing 的定语从句。

He lost his job because of how he treated his boss. 他因为对老板的态度(不好)而丢了工作。

句中的 how 相当于 the way in which，也就是说 how he treated his boss相当于 the way in which he treated his boss。其中 the way 用作 because of 的宾语，而in which he treated his boss 为修饰 the way 的定语从句。

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