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How Australia is turning dangerous venom into life-saving treatments

澳大利亚将蜘蛛和蛇的毒液变为救命血清

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Meet Emma, chief spider keeper and handler of the deadliest arachnid in the world.

这是爱玛，“首席” 蜘蛛饲养员以及世界上最致命的蛛形纲动物的管理员。

Emma Teni, Spider Keeper, Australian Reptile Park
"Hey Vanessa."

爱玛·特尼 澳大利亚爬行动物园蜘蛛饲养员
“嗨，瓦内萨。”

"How are you?"

“你还好吗？”

Emma Teni, Spider Keeper, Australian Reptile Park
"Good, thank you. Do you have any spiders for us today?"

爱玛·特尼 澳大利亚爬行动物园蜘蛛饲养员
“我很好，谢谢。你今天有蜘蛛要交给我们吗？”

"Two today."

“今天有两只。”

Emma Teni, Spider Keeper, Australian Reptile Park
"Amazing!"

爱玛·特尼 澳大利亚爬行动物园蜘蛛饲养员
“太棒了！”

People around Sydney are asked to collect any funnel-webs they find so their venom can be milked and turned into anti-venom.

悉尼周边的居民被请求收集他们发现的任何漏斗网蛛，以便采集这些蜘蛛的毒液并制作成抗毒血清。

Emma can pick up dozens in one day.

爱玛一天之内能拿到几十只漏斗网蛛。

Charlie Simpson, resident
"It was right underneath here."

查理·辛普森 居民
“它之前就在这下面。”

Charlie's found several since moving into his new house.

查理自从搬进新家之后已经发现了好几只漏斗网蛛。

That is a funnel web. Oh my god!

那是只漏斗网蛛。天呐！

Charlie Simpson, resident
"I just, was like, I better catch it, just because I keep getting told you're meant to catch them and take them back to be milked because it's just so critical."

查理·辛普森 居民
“我当时觉得最好还是要抓住它，因为我一直被告知要抓住它们，然后把它们带回来以提取毒液，因为这件事十分重要。”

The spiders get catalogued at the Australian Reptile Park. Here, they're rehoused, ready for milking.

这些蜘蛛会在澳大利亚爬行动物园被分类管理。在这里，它们被重新安置，为采集毒液做好准备。

Emma Teni, Spider Keeper, Australian Reptile Park
"So it's really important for people like Charlie to collect these spiders when they come across them, because our programme relies on the donation of these spiders to be able to have enough venom for that anti-venom programme."

爱玛·特尼 澳大利亚爬行动物园蜘蛛饲养员
“当人们像查理一样遇到这些蜘蛛时，将它们收集起来十分重要，因为抗毒血清项目有赖于人们向我们捐赠的这些蜘蛛，这样这个项目才能有足够的毒液来制作抗毒血清。”

These spiders can kill a toddler in 13 minutes, but you need 200 of them to create just one vial of anti-venom.

漏斗网蛛只用 13 分钟就能杀死一个婴幼儿，但需要 200 只漏斗网蛛才能制作一小管抗毒血清。

It's life-saving work and a fascinating spectacle for visitors.

这是一项拯救生命的工作，也是一项令参观者着迷的奇观。

Emma Teni, Spider Keeper, Australian Reptile Park
"They'll rear up on their back legs which you can see he is doing here, and the venom drops off their fangs. So if I come in nice and carefully, I actually can suction the venom off the fangs, and then within that venom there, we're going to create a life-saving anti-venom."

爱玛·特尼 澳大利亚爬行动物园蜘蛛饲养员
“它们会用后面的腿站立起来，就像你现在看到的样子，这时毒液就会从它们的毒牙上滴落。所以如果我小心缓慢地把滴管伸过去，我就能把毒液从毒牙上吸走。然后借助这些毒液，我们就能制作出一种救命的抗毒血清。”

Billy Collett, Operations Manager, Australian Reptile Park
"They can be a little bit defensive."

比利·科利特 澳大利亚爬行动物园运营经理
“这些蛇有比较强的防御意识。”

The majority of the world's most venomous snakes are found here in Australia. So, they milk them too.

全世界大多数毒性最强的蛇都出没于澳大利亚。所以这里的工作人员也会从它们身上采集毒液。

Billy Collett, Operations Manager, Australian Reptile Park
"He is very uninclined to bite. But then, once they go, you just see it pouring out of the fangs there, and that venom there is enough to kill all of us in the room, probably five times over, maybe more."

比利·科利特 澳大利亚爬行动物园运营经理
“他非常不愿意咬下这一口。可一旦它咬下去，你就会看到毒液从毒牙上涌出来。这个杯中的毒液足以杀死这个房间里的每个人，杀死五倍多的人可能都够了，甚至更多。”

But, says Billy, that shouldn't put people off from visiting Australia.

不过，比利说人们不应该被这些毒液吓得不敢造访澳大利亚。

Billy Collett, Operations Manager, Australian Reptile Park
"Snakes aren't just cruising down the streets attacking Brits and so on. It doesn't work like that, alright? So, they just want to be left alone. And look, if you're going to get bitten by a snake, Australia's the best place, alright? We've got the best anti-venom, it's free, the treatment's 'unreal'."

比利·科利特 澳大利亚爬行动物园运营经理
“毒蛇不会大摇大摆地在大街上专门攻击英国人，这不是它们的习性。它们只是不想被打搅。如果你被一条毒蛇咬伤，那么最好是在澳大利亚被咬伤。因为这里有最好的抗毒血清，而且是免费的，这里的治疗手段好得不可思议。”

Katie Watson, BBC correspondent
"This is where all the raw venom is stored. This gets freeze-dried, taken to a lab, and it turns into the anti-venom. So here you can see, you've got the brown snake, death adder, taipan anti-venom, you name it. This is what will save your life."

凯蒂·沃特森 BBC 通讯员
这里是储藏所有刚被采集到的毒液的地方。这些毒液会经过冷冻干燥处理，然后送到一个实验室制作成抗毒血清。你能在这看到各种抗毒血清，比如褐蛇、死亡蛇和太攀蛇的抗毒血清，可以说是应有尽有。这些抗毒血清能在关键时刻救你的命。

There are only a handful of deaths from snakes in Australia every year, and nobody has been killed by a Sydney funnel-web since the anti-venom programme started more than 40 years ago.

澳大利亚每年只有极少数人死于毒蛇咬伤，而 40 年来尚未有人死于悉尼漏斗网蛛，也就是自从抗毒血清项目启动以来。

Emma Teni, Spider Keeper, Australian Reptile Park
"Saying that this is the world's deadliest spider and then catch it and bring it to us does sound counter-intuitive, but that spider there now, thanks to Charlie, will go into our anti-venom programme and effectively save someone's life."

爱玛·特尼 澳大利亚爬行动物园蜘蛛饲养员
“让大家抓世界上最危险的蜘蛛并带给我们听上去确实不合常理，但多亏了查理，这只瓶中的蜘蛛将加入我们的抗毒血清项目并能有效地救人的命。”