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定冠词 “the” 跟量词和形容词连用时的顺序

分享到: 2025-10-17 12:16:37 BBC英语教学

摘要:定冠词 “the” 跟量词和形容词连用时的顺序

你问我答

定冠词 “the” 跟量词和形容词连用时的顺序

内容简介

量词 “all” 和定冠词 “the” 都是 “determiner(限定词)”,用在名词之前可以指出名词的数量;特指或泛指某个东西。虽然同为限定词,“all” 和 “the” 在修饰名词时的前后顺序却不能随意调换。听节目,跟主持人 Beth 和步理一起学习定冠词 “the” 在和量词或形容词搭配修饰名词时的用法。

文字稿

(关于台词的备注: 请注意这不是广播节目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能没有体现录制、编辑过程中对节目做出的改变。)

Beth
Hello and welcome to Question and Answer of the Week. I'm Beth.

Buli
And I'm Buli. 本期“你问我答”节目中,我们要来回答下面这个问题。

Question
为什么英语里说 “all the students” 是对的,但 “the all students” 却不行?限定词之间有没有一套固定的顺序?

Beth
There's a lot of grammar to look at here, so let's get straight into it. The words 'the' and 'all' are both determiners. They give information before a noun.

Buli
英语单词 “the” 和 “all” 都是限定词。限定词是一类用在名词前,起到特指、泛指或表示数量等作用的单词。其中,“all” 用于指出某物的数量,意思是 “全部的……”。

Beth
As well as 'all', other examples of quantifiers are 'half', 'both' and 'some'. But when we combine 'the' and a quantifier, there's a strict word order.

Buli
That's right. 在和 “all” 类似的量词连用时,定冠词 “the” 必须位于量词的后面,这也是为什么我们只能说 “all the students”,而不能说 “the all students”。

Beth
Listen to more examples of quantifiers plus 'the' plus a noun.

Examples
Lucy smiles all the time – she's a happy person.
(露西总是面带微笑,她是一个快乐的人。)

Both the diamonds were stolen from the window display.
(那两颗钻石都是从橱窗里被偷走的。)

Half the class passed the test, and half the class failed.
(班里有一半的人通过了考试,一半没通过。)

Buli
在上面的例句中,量词 “all(全部的)”、“both(两者)” 和 “half(一半的)” 都位于定冠词 “the” 的前面。

Beth
It's also useful to compare 'all' with words that have a similar meaning, like 'whole', 'entire' and 'main'.

Buli
是的。和量词 “all” 类似的单词 “whole”、“entire” 和 “main” 虽然在中文里也可以理解为 “全部的”、“整个的”、“主要的” 等意思,但却和单词 “all” 不同,在修饰名词时只能位于定冠词 “the” 的后面。这是因为这些单词都是形容词,而非量词。

Beth
For example, 'the whole class passed the test'. Compare this with 'all the class passed the test'.

Buli
让我们再来听几个定冠词 “the” 和形容词相连用的例句。注意定冠词 “the” 在语句中的位置。

Examples
I can't believe she read the whole book in a day!
(我不敢相信她一天之内就把整本书都看完了!)

The entire team were shocked when James got a red card.
(全队都因詹姆斯吃了一张红牌而感到震惊。)

The main reason I wanted to meet you was to talk about Jennifer.
(我想见你的主要原因是想和你聊聊詹妮弗。)

Buli
另外还需要注意的是,我们在例句中听到的单词 “whole” 和 “all” 在修饰名词时虽然都有 “全部的……” 这个意思,但所强调的含义是不同的。Beth, isn't there a slight difference in meaning with 'all the class' and 'the whole class'?

Beth
Yes, there is. So, if we say 'all the class', it emphasises each individual member of the class, but when we say 'the whole class', the emphasis is on the group as one unit.

Buli
总的来说,虽然同为修饰名词的限定词,但 “all”、“both” 和 “half” 等量词在修饰名词时必须位于定冠词 “the” 的前面。就比如接下来这个例句。

Example
Everyone was hungry. All the biscuits were gone in under five minutes.
(大家都饿了。所有的饼干不到五分钟就都被吃完了。)

Buli
但在搭配意思是 “全部的,整体的” 等形容词时,比如 “whole” 和 “entire”,定冠词 “the” 则需要位于形容词之前。比如接下来这个例句。

Example
Everyone was hungry. The entire biscuit tin was empty in under five minutes.
(大家都饿了。一整罐饼干不到五分钟就被一扫而空。)

Buli
最后,在修饰名词时,量词 “all” 强调的是 “整体中的每一个个体都……”,而形容词 “entire” 和 “whole” 则强调 “所有个体组成的整体……”。

Beth
Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk

Buli
你也可以通过微博向我们提问。我们的微博账号是 “BBC英语教学”。Bye, everyone.

Beth
Goodbye!

责任编辑:weisen