人工智能正被应用到各行各业的工作场景中。它不太可能让我们失业，但我们需要知道怎样才能更有效地和人工智能合作。人类和人工智能分别有更适合自己的任务。然而，若能与人工智能协同共生，我们将能够进一步放大人类的独特优势，从而更高效地完成特定任务。本文浅谈人工智能的普及对职场技能需求的改变。

词汇: work skills 职业技能

1 Are you worried that you can't keep up with AI? Current artificial intelligence systems can do many tasks much quicker than we can. Does this mean that machines will put us out of work?

2 Rather than replace our jobs, it may be more likely that AI will transform the way we work. Previous waves of mechanisation and automation did not cause lasting effects to employment rates. However, the skills valued by the economy could change. Research from Goldman Sachs shows some evidence that AI has affected the US job market differently in different sectors. Being adaptable and understanding how AI and humans can best work together in the industry that you work in is likely to become very important.

3 Humans and artificial intelligence have different strengths. AI systems are naturally best suited to tasks that are repetitive, involve data and that are very large. Humans usually perform best when skills and qualities such as leadership, empathy and judgement are required. Recent research from MIT's Sloan School of Management identified which tasks were best done by humans, and which were best done by AI. They found that where humans were better, working together with AI boosted performance above that of humans working alone. Creative tasks could be an area where this collaboration is particularly productive. Professor David Stilwell from Cambridge University highlights that AI's creativity is currently at a similar level to an average human. Other research shows that using ideas generated by AI, even bad ones, helps humans to come up with better ideas more quickly.

4 Companies need to look at their workflows and processes to see where using AI alone or in collaboration with humans can be more efficient. They can then decide how best to integrate AI into their workflow. Employees should try to learn how best to use AI to support themselves. Being able to do this effectively will help lead to career success.

测验与练习

一、将标题和段落配对。

Paragraph 1 _______
Paragraph 2 _______
Paragraph 3 _______
Paragraph 4 _______

a. Varied strengths
b. Finding how to work
c. Worrying times
d. Looming unemployment
e. Changes in the workplace

二、根据文章内容选出正确的选项。

1. Previous technical advances caused unemployment to rise in the long-term.
a. True
b. False
c. Not given

2. AI is best at tasks that…
a. involve decision making.
b. process numbers.
c. need to understand human feelings.

3. What does 'this' refer to in the following sentence? Creative tasks could be an area where this collaboration is particularly productive.
a. creativity
b. human-AI collaboration
c. boosted performance

4. Some tasks studied do not benefit from any AI input.
a. True
b. False
c. Not given

5. Companies should consider each stage of their business to see where AI could work for them.
a. True
b. False
c. Not given

三、用下列单词完成对本文的总结。

AI probably won't lead to mass unemployment. Previous introductions of 1) _______ did not lead to a long-term reduction in the employment rate. People need to be able to identify the tasks that they are 2) _______ to. Different tasks suit different approaches. AI is particularly good at routine, 3) _______ tasks that need to be done in the same way over and over again. Humans tend to be better at tasks that need
4) _______, like decision making. There is also potential for collaboration in 5) _______ tasks, where AI can help people refine their ideas.

repetitive
automation
leadership
creative
best suited
judgement
workflow

（答案见词汇表后）

词汇表

keep up 跟上
out of work 失业
mechanisation 机械化
automation 自动化
lasting effect 持久的影响
adaptable 适应力强的，变通的
best suited 最适合
repetitive 重复的
leadership 领导力
empathy 同理心
judgement 判断力
creative 有创造力的，创意的
collaboration 合作
productive 富有成效的
workflow 工作流程
process 工序

答案

一、将标题和段落配对。

Paragraph 1 c) Worrying times

Paragraph 2 e) Changes in the workplace

Paragraph 3 a) Varied strengths

Paragraph 4 b) Finding how to work

二 、根据文章内容选出正确的选项。

1. b. False. Previous waves of mechanisation and automation did not cause lasting effects to employment rates.

2. b. AI systems are naturally best suited to tasks that are repetitive, involve data and that are very large.

3. b. 'This' in the sentence refers to human-AI collaboration in the previous sentence.

4. b. False. They found that where humans were better, working together with AI boosted performance, above that of humans working alone.

5. a. True. Companies need to look at their workflows and processes to see where using AI alone or in collaboration with humans can be more efficient.

三、用下列单词完成对本文的总结。

AI probably won't lead to mass unemployment. Previous introductions of automation did not lead to a long-term reduction in the employment rate. People need to be able to identify the tasks that they are best suited to. Different tasks suit different approaches. AI is particularly good at routine, repetitive tasks that need to be done in the same way over and over again. Humans tend to be better at tasks that need judgement, like decision making. There is also potential for collaboration in creative tasks, where AI can help people refine their ideas.