内容简介

动词 “do” 的过去分词 “done” 也可以作形容词，意思是 “完成了，结束了”。在做饭的时候，“饭菜做好了” 也可以用 “done” 来形容。由 “done” 组成的单词 “overdone” 和 “underdone” 则可以形容饭菜 “过火了，做老了” 和 “差点火候，有些夹生”。听节目，跟主持人步理和 Phil 学习更多描述食物 “熟度” 的英语表达。

文字稿

（关于台词的备注: 请注意这不是广播节目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能没有体现录制、编辑过程中对节目做出的改变。）

Buli
大家好，欢迎收听 BBC 英语教学的 “你问我答” 节目。This is Question and Answer of the Week, where we answer your questions about English language, culture and life. I'm Buli.

Phil
And I'm Phil. And, why can I smell something delicious?

Buli
Well, that's probably because we have a food-related question in this programme. Let's hear it.

Question
你好，我想知道要如何用英语表示 “食物煮熟的程度”。比如，该如何说一顿饭做得 “夹生”、一种蔬菜已经 “熟透了”，以及一道菜烹饪得 “刚刚好” 等等。

Phil
Food is something that we love to talk about, and this is a really important part of talking about food – how much something has been cooked! The wrong cooking time can turn a delicious meal into a culinary disaster.

Buli
We may not help you avoid burning your steak, but we can help you learn how to describe it when something is cooked.

Phil
Buli, I'm actually glad to see you before lunch! I've been trying to get this meal ready for everyone, and nothing is how it should be.

Buli
Is there anything that we can't save?

Phil
OK. Well, the green vegetables are quite overdone – I think I've boiled away all the flavour, and the bread is burnt. I don't think anyone's going to eat it.

Buli
OK, that's not great, but at least we know not to spend any more time on them. How's your sauce?

Phil
It looks underdone – the texture's all wrong.

Buli
Keep cooking that – it needs to be piping hot before you serve it, to make sure that it's cooked through. You haven't started cooking the steaks yet, have you?

Phil
No, some people wanted them medium and some wanted rare. And one person wanted well-done.

Buli
Start with the one that will be well done – it will take the longest. Then put the medium ones on, and do the rare ones last. Cooking steak rare is very quick.

你正在收听的是 BBC 英语教学制作的 “你问我答” 节目。在本期节目中，我们正在学习描述食物的 “熟度” 的英语表达。在刚才的对话中，我和 Phil 使用了不少相关的表达。Phil, we have just used quite a lot of expressions there, haven't we?

Phil
Yeah. So, we used expressions such as 'overdone', 'burnt', and 'cooked through'. And actually, we heard quite a few that use the adjective 'done'.

Buli
是的。在刚才我们使用的表达中有不少都和单词 “done” 有关。“Done” 是动词 “do” 的过去分词；它同时也是一个形容词，意思是 “完成了，结束了” 或者 “做好了”。在谈论和做饭有关的场景时，“done” 通常和其它单词组合在一起，比如 “overdone” 或者 “underdone”。

Phil
Yeah. something that is overdone has been cooked too much – something negative has happened. Maybe the flavour or the texture has been damaged by too much cooking. If something is too black and hard because it was cooked for too long, or at too high a temperature, then we can say it's burnt.

Buli
是的。“Overdone” 的意思是 “过火了”，我们可以用它来形容一盘菜 “炒老了” 或者一锅汤 “煮过了”。相反，如果一道菜 “有些夹生，没做熟”，那么就可以说 “it's underdone”。而一道已经 “炒糊了” 的菜则可以用 “burnt” 来形容。

Phil
These are all negative, but someone might ask for a steak to be cooked 'well done', and this means cooked for quite a long time. It's not negative. We have different words for how steak is cooked. Rare steak isn't cooked much and is red, well-done steak is cooked a lot and is a grey colour. And medium is somewhere in the middle.

Buli
And we often use these when ordering at a restaurant or letting other people know how we like our steak. For example, I usually prefer my steak well done. “Well done（全熟）”、“medium（五分熟）” 和 “rare（一分熟）” 等等是通常在点餐时用于形容牛排 “熟度” 的表达。

除此之外，还有一些表达也和食物的 “熟度” 有关，比如，“cooked through”。“Cooked through” 的意思是 “熟透了”。如果大块的食材还没有 “cooked through”，那么就意味着它中间可能还是生的。

Phil
When you look at cooking instructions, they often say that food should be served 'piping hot' – and that just means very hot – and it's often a way to make sure that something is cooked through.

Buli
Yes. Aw, I wish I could have some piping hot mapo tofu right now. 除了直接描述食物的 “熟度” 以外，我们还可以用 “piping hot” 来形容吃的东西是 “滚烫的”。在英国，这个表达也经常出现在速热食品或菜谱的烹饪说明上。

Phil
Remember, if you have a question that you'd like us to answer, you can email us too at: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk

Buli
你还可以通过微博向我们提问。我们的微博账号是 “BBC英语教学”。Bye!

Phil
Bye!