高级口译0703听力原文汇总合集（6）

2010-09-07 00:00:00来源：网络

　　凌凌教你学口语：每日一句系列
　　备战口译：原创双语时事汇总
　　2010秋季上海口译考试报名通知

　　上海中高级口译考试分为笔试和口试，在笔试考试通过后会颁发笔试证书，通过一次笔试可以获得四次口试的机会。中高级口译的笔试和口试虽然是分开进行的，但其笔试的证书在社会上却有很高的认可度。

　　高级口译0703听力原文汇总合集（6）

　　Part 3: Note-Taking and Gap-Filling

　　Everybody knows Americans are big givers, but their charitable impulses keep generating surprises. Consider just a few conclusions from a recent research. Charitable giving plays an even larger role in the economy. Then it suggested by some 260 billion dollars in annual contributions. Demand from non-profit services, gets proportionally bigger, not smaller, as a locality’s income rises. But philanthropy of the wealthy may not hinge on tax incentives to the degree many believe. In one new survey, a majority of wealthy givers say they will contribute the same amount if their state tax were abolished. These disparate studies are shedding light not just on who gives, but also on why they give, and what their actions mean to society. Experts say that by understanding charity better, Americans can learn how to encourage more giving. The result will probably be a healthier and wealthier society.

　　One thing that’s long been known:the U.S. beatstheworld in levels of charitable activity. The pattern runs from the rich, steeped in long tradition of philanthropy to the poor. Those making 20,000 dollars or less a year give away more as a share of their income than do higher income groups. Americans donate their time as well as money, some 150 billion dollars’ worth annually. Some experts see charity as a defining trait of the US more than consumerism and business. But those forces may be intertwined: for one thing, many non-profits, from health care to classical music, are selling services in the market place alongside for-profit rivals. By many measures they are successful. As personal incomes rise in a given county, the income of non-profits seems to rise even faster, says an associate economist at a Federal Reserve Bank at Minneapolis. They suggest that not-for-profit activities are what economists call ‘a superior good’, something people want to buy more of, or donate more to, as their incomes rise. Yet ties between charitable adventures and the economy hardly end there, Doctor Brooks points to evidence that charity is no mereperipheralactivity. It pays off a society in ways that may transcend the rates of return on many traditional investments. Why? Firstly, it’s not just that charity helps those on the receiving end, says Brooks, an economist at Syracuse University in New York. It also strengthens the cohesion of society at large. Moreover, it appears to make the givers themselves more successful, possibly because the activity transforms them somewhat into better or happier people. Whatever the reasons, he finds that a higher income tends to push up charity and that greater charity tends to push up income. Another provocative conclusion is that conservatives are better givers than liberals, a theme that is likely todraw close scrutiny. This pattern is less about politics than about charity-linked lifestyles that are most common to people who call themselves conservatives, religious commitment, marriage and children and entrepreneurship. Still, Brooks’ main point is that more Americans, regardless of ideology, shouldembracegiving as a tool for progress. He quotes proverbs: one man gives freely yet gains even more, another withholds undulybut comes to poverty. Many who do charitable work can relate to that.(Name) works in public relations, but her passion is what she does for free as the founder of Culture at Home, a support group near Washington D C for mothers who are home schooling their kids. Her story echoes some of the common phrases that motivate people to give time and money to charity. First, she identifies with challenges facing home school moms. In her case, the feeling is amplified because she herself is one of those moms. Second, she wants to make a difference. Third, she draws satisfaction from the effort to help. These forces are among the co-motivations that force the actions of generosity beyond the sphere of one’s family circle. The urge to make a difference and to take satisfaction in it outweighs monetary considerations. For example, a survey of 945 ultra-rich individuals found that slightly more than half that give the same amount regardless of whether their state tax or deductions for charitable giving were repealed. None of those means that tax policy is trivial for charitable giving, but the survey suggests that Americans’ passion for giving isn’t driven primarily by tax breaks.

　　本文选自新东方口译名师裴晓栋的blog,blog链接地址：http://blog.hjenglish.com/peixiaodong