双语时事：中国崛起的奥秘？民进国退

2014-09-15 15:53:16来源：可可英语

　　There is no shortage of critics who confidentlyattribute China’s rise to the forceful interventionof the state in the economy. But the ranks of policymakers and commentators decrying Beijing’s brandof state capitalism are wrong – and, worse, they riskprovoking short-sighted and counterproductiveresponses.

　　坚信中国崛起缘于国家强势干预经济的批评人士为数不少，由政策制定者和评论员们组成的这些批评者强烈谴责北京奉行的国家资本主义。但他们的观点是错误的，而更糟的是，他们可能引发短视和毫无建设性的回应。

　　The reality is that China’s rapid economic ascent is the result of the expanding role of themarket and the rise of private businesses. Private companies now account for more than two-thirds of output, up from nothing when reform began in 1978, in an economy that hasexpanded 25 times in real terms. They account for almost all employment growth in the sameperiod. Private companies are also increasingly the leading contributors to export growth.

　　现实情况是，中国经济快速崛起是市场角色不断扩大和私营企业壮大的结果。在一个实际规模扩大了25倍的经济体中，私营企业贡献的产出比例，从1978年中国开始改革时的零，升至如今的逾三分之二。同期几乎所有的就业增长均来自私营企业。私营企业还日益成为出口增长的主要贡献因素。

　　State companies’ shrinking role has been particularly rapid in manufacturing, which opened upto competition from private businesses in the 1980s. State enterprises’ share of output in thesector is now only a fifth, compared with four-fifths in 1978. Conventional wisdom says stateindustrial companies have enjoyed a resurgence since the onset of the global financial crisis.In fact, the growth in output of private businesses since 2008 has averaged 18 per cent, twicethe pace of expansion of state businesses.

　　中国国有企业的角色，在制造业收缩得尤其快——中国的制造业在上世纪80年代向私营企业放开了竞争。国企在制造业所占产出份额现在只有五分之一，而在1978年则有五分之四。人们普遍认为，自全球金融危机爆发以来，中国国有工业企业如今已经复兴。实际上，自2008年以来私营企业产出年均增长18%，是国企扩张速度的两倍。

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