经理人的短视影响管理方式从而拖累全球经济的增长

2014-10-15 14:18:30来源：可可英语

　　A-list management voices as well as a cohort of younger thinkers and doers, have been callingfor the reinvention of management along these lines for years. But nothing much has changed,at least among large established companies – just look at the unreconstructed financialsector. If anything, managers report that short-term pressures are getting worse.

　　多年来，前沿管理学讨论、以及一批年轻思想家和实践家，一直在呼吁类似的管理学创新，但迄今没有多少改变，至少在老牌大公司里(只用看看未见重整的金融行业就知道了)。如果说有任何改变的话，那就是经理人们称，他们面临的短期压力更大了。

　　So if this is old news, what is holding things up? What has to change to break the managementlogjam? Enter the zombies. As Smithers demonstrates, the invisible link between sluggishinnovation, cost-cutting, share buybacks, the jobs and pay squeeze, and neo-Taylorism, ismanagement incentives. What locks them all together in a tight, self-reinforcing paradigm isshareholder value – the assertion that the sole purpose of the company is to maximise returnsto shareholders.

　　那么，如果这是个老问题，为何到现在都没有解决?要打破这种管理方面的僵局，有什么是必须改变的?答案是，死脑筋经理人。正如史密瑟斯所展示的，将创新萎靡、成本削减、股票回购、裁员和降低与新泰勒主义联系在一起的，正是管理激励。使得这一切固化为自我强化的紧密范式的是股东价值：企业的唯一存在目的是实现股东回报的最大化。

　　This idea is embedded deep in official governance codes and it is hard to believe it is bothrecent – gaining traction only in the 1970s and 1980s – as well as based on a myth. In law, asthe redoubtable legal scholar Lynn Stout, among others, has pointed out, shareholders ownshares, not companies, which are separate legal persons, and directors’ only fiduciaryresponsibility is to the company. Shareholders are not principals and managers are not theiragents.

　　这一观念深深地影响了正式的公司治理规范，我们很难相信，它出现的时间其实并不长(上世纪70、80年代才流行起来)，并且是基于一个错误的想法。从法律上讲，正如大名鼎鼎的法学家林恩•斯托特(Lynn Stout)等人所指出的，股东拥有的是股票，而不是公司，公司是一个单独的法人，董事只对公司负有受信责任。股东不是企业主，经理人也不是他们的代理人。

　　The fact that this is a zombie idea does nothing to weaken its hold on the corporate psyche,particularly in the US. As the late London Business School scholar Sumantra Ghoshal explained,the problem is not that we fail to recognise good management practice – it is that badmanagement theory anaesthetises it.

　　尽管这一观念十分陈腐，但它对企业心态的影响并未因此减弱，特别是在美国。如已故的伦敦商学院(LondonBusiness School)学者苏曼德拉•戈沙尔(Sumantra Ghoshal)所说，问题并不在于我们不知道什么是好的管理实践，而在于坏的管理学理论让我们变得麻木。

本文关键字: 经理人的短视影响管理方式