欧洲增长乏力盼望中国投资拉动

2014-11-06 18:54:28来源：网络

　　In August, when Volvo unveiled its first completely new model under Chinese ownership at anevent in Stockholm, the Chinese presence was so discreet it was invisible. No Chineseexecutives appeared. Volvo executives presented the new car, a sport utility vehicle called theXC90, as the embodiment of Swedish aesthetics and engineering.

　　今年8月，沃尔沃在斯德哥尔摩推出了自归中国公司所有以来的首款新车型，中方非常低调，近乎隐形。现场没有中方的管理人员。沃尔沃的首席执行官介绍了名为XC90DE运动型多用途车，称这款新车是瑞典美学与工程的结晶。

　　Hakan Samuelsson, the chief executive of Volvo Cars, implied that the company had morefreedom under Geely’s ownership than under Ford.

　　沃尔沃汽车公司首席执行官哈坎·萨缪尔森(Hakan Samuelsson)暗示，与福特相比，公司归吉利所有后拥有更多自由。

　　“They have given us a new role as a stand-alone company,” Mr. Samuelsson said of Geelyduring a meeting with a small group of journalists. “We are not a sort of division executingcommands from some center.”

　　“他们给了我们一个新角色：一家独立自主的公司，”在与一小群记者的会议上，萨缪尔森提到吉利时说。“我们不是一个只能执行某个核心机构命令的部门。”

　　In an example of how Chinese ownership can open up new markets for European companies,China has become the largest market for Volvo Cars. The top-of-the-line XC90 will be built inSweden, but other Volvo models are already being manufactured in China and the company isconsidering exporting some of the Chinese-made models to the United States.

　　中国已经成为沃尔沃汽车的最大市场，这也证明了中国的投资可以为欧洲公司打开新的市场。最豪华的XC90车型将在瑞典生产，但沃尔沃的其他车型已经在中国投产，公司正考虑向美国出口一些中国生产的车型。

　　The Chinese-European trade relationship is not without tensions. European investors complainthat they face far more restrictions investing in China than vice versa, as well as adisadvantage competing against Chinese companies that are government owned or receivegovernment subsidies.

　　中欧贸易关系也存在紧张。欧洲投资者抱怨，他们在中国投资时受到的限制，要远远多于中国在欧洲投资时受到的限制，还有在与政府拥有或补贴的中国企业竞争时所处的劣势。

　　European officials have accused China of imposing restrictions on the export of raw materialsin violation of rules pertaining to members of the World Trade Organization. They have alsoaccused China of selling solar panels at dumping prices, a practice that has created severeproblems for German producers of solar equipment.

　　欧洲官员曾指责中国对原材料出口设置的限制，违反了世贸组织成员国需要遵守的规定。他们还指责中国倾销太阳能板，这种做法给德国的太阳能设备制造商造成了严重的麻烦。

　　When Mr. Li visited Berlin on Oct. 10, against a background of pro-democracy protests in HongKong, Ms. Merkel was careful to mention that they had also discussed human rights issues.

　　李克强10月10日访问柏林时，香港正在举行亲民主抗议活动，默克尔谨慎地提到，他们还讨论了人权问题。

　　Chinese officials have also made accusations against European companies. In September, priceregulators in Hubei Province imposed a fine of $40.5 million on the Audi unit of Volkswagen,saying that the automaker had reached monopolistic agreements with 10 dealerships tomaintain high prices for cars and replacement parts.

　　中国官员也曾对欧洲企业发出指责。今年9月，湖北省的物价监管机构对大众(Volkswagen)旗下的奥迪(Audi)罚款4050万美元，称这家汽车生产商与10家经销商达成了垄断协议，以维持整车及备用配件的高售价。

　　Progress has been slow on an effort to negotiate a new comprehensive investment agreementbetween the European Union and China that would ease some of these frictions, whilesimplifying transactions and providing more protections to investors.

　　中国和欧盟就一份新的综合投资协议的谈判一直进展缓慢，这份协议或将缓解一些摩擦，同时简化交易程序，为投资者提供更多保护。

　　State-owned Chinese companies are the largest investors in Europe in monetary terms, andeven private companies like Sany have close ties to the government. That leads to persistentsuspicion that Chinese investment is part of a stealth effort to exert influence in theEuropean economy.

　　从资金数额来看，中国国有企业是欧洲最大的投资者群体，而即使是三一重工这样的私营企业，也与政府有着密切的关系。这引发了一种长期存在的怀疑，即中国的投资是对欧洲经济施加影响的隐秘计划的一部分。

　　But at the local level the light touch applied by Chinese managers seems to have helpedassuage such concerns.

　　但在当地，中国管理者采取的无为而治的策略，似乎缓解了这样的担忧。

　　Mr. Clegg, the University of Leeds professor, said the restraint displayed by Chinese ownersreflected their own relative newness to international business.

　　利兹大学教授克莱格说，中国所有者表现出来的克制，反映出他们对跨国生意是相对陌生的。

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