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Thanksgiving: An American Tradition
感恩节:一个美国的传统
【原文听力】
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By Ashley Thompson
22 November 2023
The American holiday of Thanksgiving is celebrated every year on the fourth Thursday in November. The holiday is during autumn -- the main season for harvesting crops. Thanksgiving is an autumn harvest festival like those found in many cultures around the world.
On this day, most Americans gather with friends and family. Many take time to think about what they are thankful for, cook up a storm, and eat.
A lot.
The star of most Thanksgiving dinners is a roasted turkey. Turkeys are large birds native to North America.
The turkey is cooked in an oven for many hours, often with a mix of celery, bread, onions and spices inside the bird. This mix becomes stuffing -- another star of the Thanksgiving dinner table.
Anna Matteo here at Learning English says the smell of turkey and stuffing roasting together is the quintessential smell of Thanksgiving. "Quintessential" means the perfect example of something.
After the bird is cooked, the stuffing is taken out and served as a side dish.
One of many side dishes. Families often make other foods like mashed potatoes, sweet potatoes, cranberry sauce and vegetable casseroles. A casserole is a dish that cooks slowly in an oven.
And do not forget about the gravy. This rich sauce is made from the fatty liquid that comes off the turkey as it cooks. People cover their turkey meat, stuffing and mashed potatoes with gravy.
The meal does not end with the turkey, stuffing, and side dishes, though. For some people, the best part of the meal is dessert.
The quintessential Thanksgiving dessert is pie. Pumpkin, cherry, apple or pecan pie are all great ways to finish off a Thanksgiving meal...if you are not too full of food by that point!
Thanksgiving travel
Some Americans must travel long distances to be with their families. In fact, the Sunday after Thanksgiving is the busiest travel day of the entire year. This is usually when people return home from family gatherings.
Not everyone can make the return home each Thanksgiving. So, young people living in cities away from their hometowns sometimes celebrate "Friendsgiving" -- a Thanksgiving meal with their friends instead of their family. They gather at someone's apartment or house and have a "potluck." This is a meal where everyone who is invited brings food to share with others.
Beyond the table
Thanksgiving is a big day for television, games and other entertainment.
One tradition is the television broadcast of Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. It takes place each year in New York City. Workers of the Macy's store on Herald Square organized the first parade in 1924. Many of the workers were immigrants and wanted to hold a big parade like the ones in Europe. So, they dressed in costumes and borrowed some animals from the zoo. They also carried small balloons that floated just overhead.
Many professional American football games are also played on Thanksgiving. Fans of the sport enjoy relaxing and watching a game or two after eating a big Thanksgiving meal.
Some start Thanksgiving Day early - and in a healthy way. So-called "Turkey Trot" races take place in many towns and cities. These events involve runners dressing up in a Thanksgiving-related costume and running a short distance -- usually five kilometers.
Many Turkey Trots urge runners to bring canned food to donate to local food banks -- non-profit organizations that give food to poor people in a community.
Serving those less fortunate
Certainly, not everyone in America has an easy Thanksgiving. The United States is home to many poor and homeless people. Some cannot afford a Thanksgiving dinner. Others are without friends or families. Many religious and service organizations around the country try to fill these needs. Some provide community dinners at churches and other centers. Some groups also deliver Thanksgiving meals to people too sick or old to leave their homes.
The writer O. Henry called Thanksgiving the one holiday that is purely American. It is not linked to a religion or a certain group. Anyone in the United States on the fourth Thursday of November is welcome to celebrate Thanksgiving.
I'm Caty Weaver.
And I'm Ashley Thompson.
Ashley Thompson wrote this story for Learning English. It was first published in 2017.
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作者:Ashley Thompson
日期:2023年11月22日
美国的感恩节每年在11月的第四个星期四庆祝。这个节日在秋季——主要的收获季节。感恩节是一个秋季丰收节,就像世界上许多文化中的节日一样。
在这一天,大多数美国人会和朋友、家人聚在一起。许多人会花时间思考他们感恩的事情,烹饪美食,并享用。
很多。
大多数感恩节晚餐的主角是烤火鸡。火鸡是北美的大型鸟类。
火鸡在烤箱中烤很多小时,通常会在鸟的内部放入芹菜、面包、洋葱和香料的混合物。这种混合物变成了填料——另一个感恩节晚餐桌上的主角。
在学习英语的Anna Matteo说,火鸡和填料一起烤的香味是感恩节的典型香味。"Quintessential"意味着某事物的完美例子。
烤好的火鸡取出填料后,填料作为配菜上桌。
这只是众多配菜中的一种。家庭们通常还会制作其他食物,如土豆泥、甜土豆、蔓越莓酱和蔬菜砂锅。砂锅是一种在烤箱中慢煮的菜肴。
别忘了肉汁。这种浓郁的酱汁是由火鸡在烹饪过程中流出的脂肪液制成的。人们会用肉汁浇在火鸡肉、填料和土豆泥上。
然而,餐点并不止于火鸡、填料和配菜。对于一些人来说,餐点的最佳部分是甜点。
最典型的感恩节甜点是派。南瓜派、樱桃派、苹果派或者胡桃派都是结束感恩节餐点的好方法......如果你到那时候还没有吃得太饱的话!
感恩节旅行
一些美国人必须长途跋涉才能和家人团聚。事实上,感恩节后的第一个星期天是全年最繁忙的旅行日。这通常是人们从家庭聚会返回家中的时候。
并非每个人每年感恩节都能回家。所以,住在离家乡较远的城市的年轻人有时会庆祝"朋友感恩节"——与朋友而非家人共享感恩节大餐。他们聚集在某人的公寓或房子里,举行"百味餐"。这是一种每个被邀请的人都带食物与他人分享的餐会。
除了餐桌
感恩节是电视、游戏和其他娱乐活动的大日子。
一个传统是电视直播的梅西感恩节游行。这个游行每年在纽约市举行。梅西百货公司在先驱广场的员工在1924年组织了第一次游行。许多员工是移民,他们想要举行像欧洲那样的大游行。所以,他们穿上了服装,借了一些动物园的动物。他们还带着一些小气球,这些气球就漂浮在头顶上。
许多职业美式足球比赛也在感恩节当天进行。运动的粉丝们喜欢在享用了丰盛的感恩节大餐后放松并观看一场或两场比赛。
有些人早早地开始了感恩节的一天——并以健康的方式。所谓的"火鸡小跑"比赛在许多城镇和城市举行。这些活动涉及到跑步者穿着与感恩节相关的服装,跑一段短距离——通常是五公里。
许多火鸡小跑活动鼓励参赛者带来罐装食品,捐赠给当地的食品银行——这些非营利组织向社区的贫困人群提供食物。
服务那些不幸的人,
当然,并非所有美国人的感恩节都轻松。美国有许多贫困和无家可归的人。有些人买不起感恩节晚餐。还有些人没有朋友或家人。全国各地的许多宗教和服务组织试图满足这些需求。有些在教堂和其他中心提供社区晚餐。一些团体也会将感恩节餐送到那些病重或年老无法离开家的人家中。
作家O. Henry称感恩节为纯粹的美国节日。它没有与任何宗教或特定群体相关联。每年11月的第四个星期四,在美国的任何人都欢迎庆祝感恩节。
我是Caty Weaver。
我是Ashley Thompson。
Ashley Thompson为学习英语写了这个故事。它首次发表于2017年。
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这个故事中的词汇
festival - n. 节日,庆典;一种人们聚集庆祝某事的特殊时间或事件
up a storm - idiom.用来表示某事正在充满活力或热情地进行
roasted - adj.用烤箱或火上的干热烹饪的
stuffing - n.一种调味过的食物混合物,被放入另一种食物中烹饪
potluck - n. 百味餐;一种每个被邀请的人都带食物与他人分享的餐会
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