2024年CATTI三级口译英译汉：麻风

2023-11-30 07:54:00来源：网络

　　CATTI考试，作为重要的翻译考试，也是比较有社会价值的英语能力证书。对于大家参加CATTI考试的同学，大家在实际的备考中，应该如何更好的来复习备考?为了让大家能够更全面的准备CATTI考试，新东方在线小编为大家整理了“2024年CATTI三级口译英译汉：麻风”，让我们一起来学习备考吧!

　　Leprosy

　　麻风

　　Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an

　　acid-fast, rod-shaped bacillus. The disease mainly affects the skin, the

　　peripheral nerves, mucosa of the upper respiratory tract, and the eyes. Leprosy

　　is curable and treatment in the early stages can prevent disability.

　　麻风是一种慢性传染病，由一种杆状耐酸杆菌(即麻风杆菌)引起。该病主要侵犯皮肤、周围神经、上呼吸道粘膜和眼睛。麻风可以治愈，早期施治可避免出现残疾。

　　Brief history of the disease and treatment

　　疾病与治疗简史Leprosy is an age-old disease, described in the literature of

　　ancient civilizations. Throughout history, people afflicted have often been

　　ostracized by their communities and families.

　　麻风是一种古老的疾病，在古代文献中早有记载。从古至今，患者往往遭到社会和家庭的排斥。

　　Although leprosy was managed differently in the past, the first

　　breakthrough occurred in the 1940s with the development of the medicine dapsone.

　　The duration of treatment lasted many years, often a lifetime, making compliance

　　difficult. In the 1960s, M.leprae started to develop resistance to dapsone, the

　　only known anti-leprosy medicine at that time. In the early 1960s, rifampicin

　　and clofazimine were discovered and subsequently added to the treatment regimen,

　　which was later labelled as multidrug therapy (MDT).

　　在过去，麻风病的治疗方式各不相同。第一次决定性的变化发生在上世纪40年代，当时研制出了药物氨苯砜。麻风的治疗期限长达多年，往往是终身，这使患者难以做到始终遵守治疗方案。在上世纪60年代，麻风杆菌开始对当时唯一已知的抗麻风药物氨苯砜产生抗药性。上世纪60年代初发明了利福平和氯法齐明，随后被加到治疗方案之中，后被称为联合化疗。

　　In 1981, WHO recommended MDT. The currently recommended MDT regimen

　　consists of medicines: dapsone, rifampicin and clofazimine. This treatment lasts

　　for six months for pauci-bacillary and 12 months for multi-bacillary cases. MDT

　　kills the pathogen and cures the patient.

　　1981年，世卫组织建议使用联合化疗。目前推荐的联合化疗方案由氨苯砜、利福平和氯法齐明几种药物组成。这种治疗对于少菌型病例须持续6个月，对于多菌型病例须持续12个月。联合化疗可杀死病原体并治愈患者。

　　Since 1995 WHO has provided MDT free of cost. Free MDT was initially funded

　　by The Nippon Foundation, and since 2000 it is donated through an agreement with

　　Novartis until at least 2020.

　　自1995年起，世卫组织免费提供联合化疗。最初由日本基金会资助，自2000年以来，通过签订协议由诺华公司捐赠至少到2020年。

　　Elimination of leprosy as public health problem (defined as a registered

　　prevalence of less than 1 case per 10 000 population) was achieved globally in

　　2000. More than 16 million leprosy patients have been treated with MDT over the