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高级口译0409听力原文汇总合集（5）

2010-08-31 00:00:00来源：网络

　　凌凌教你学口语：每日一句系列
　　备战口译：原创双语时事汇总
　　2010秋季上海口译考试报名通知

　　中级口译考试介绍：

　　具有大学英语四级和同等英语能力水平的考生可以报考。

　　凡获得“上海市英语中级口译岗位资格证书”者均具有良好的口语水平和基本口译技能，可从事一般的生活翻译、陪同翻译、涉外导游以及外事接待、外贸业务洽谈等工作。

　　上海中级口译的笔试和口试虽然是分开进行的，但其笔试的证书在社会上却有很高的认可度。现在中国受金融风暴的影响，各大公司纷纷裁员，但中高级口译等高等专业人才仍存在很大的缺口。

　　为了方便广大口译考生备战秋季的考试，新东方在线口译频道特别汇总整理了近九年来的中级口译听力原文，供考生复习备考。

　　高级口译0409听力原文汇总合集（5）

　　Questions 16 to 20
　
　　【原文】
　
　　Pop Art is an artistic development that began in the late 1950s, and became the most powerful art movement of the 1960s. Although it was a strong cultural force in Europe, especially in England, this lecture will concentrate on Pop Art in the United States. Pop artists were inspired by mass-produced visual media, such as television, magazines, comic books, billboards and the design of common household objects and use these things as the starting point for their art. Pop Art differs from early art movements. To understand Pop Art, it is helpful to know a little bit about the artistic movement that immediately preceded it. This movement was called Abstract Expressionism. Jackson Pollock is an example of an Abstract Expressionist. If we look at Pollock’s painting entitled “Autumn Rhythm”, we see a dense field of overlapping lines that swirl and move all over the surface of the canvas. This painting refers to the process of making the painting more than it refers to anything in the actual world. Pollock believed that his intuitive approach to making paintings could show his inner self. He said painting is a state of being and self-discovery. Every good artist paints what he is. Abstract Expressionism was a highly personal art. It reflected the internal struggles of the individual artists. Pop artists were not at all interested in this internal search. Instead, Pop artist believed that art should have a more direct relationship to things in their world. The economic growth that began in the United States after World War II gained speed in the 1960s. At the same time, television became a primary source of information and entertainment for the American people. In the late 1940s, about 10,000 Americans own televisions. By 1957, over 40 million of Americans own them. Artists of the 1940s and early 1950s use painting and sculpture to understand their own personal states of being. By comparison, the Pop artist responded to the intense visual stimulation that the growing consumer culture created. Robert Rauschenberg was one of the first Pop artists. He wanted to move art away from the personalities of the individual artists and direct it towards the world. The intuitive swirling forms of a Pollock painting said nothing to Rauschenberg about the rapidly changing world that he was experiencing. By the late 1950s, Robert Rauschenberg was using everyday objects, which he found on the street, as the material for his art. Imagine taking a long walk around New York and picking up staff like old magazines, tires, and crumbled cigarette boxes, what would happen if you try to make art from this material? This is what Rauschenberg did. He wanted to have his art reflect the world he lived in. Rauschenberg didn’t try to impose a unified symbolic meaning on this collection of material. Instead, he wanted the work to reflect the randomness of the things you might see if you were to walk around a densely-populated area. By the early 1960s, Robert Rauschenberg was concentrating less on the objects, and more on the images he found. He was fascinated by how a single photograph could be distributed through a magazine or a newspaper across the country virtually immediately. He thought that these printed photographs could comment on the speed at which information was being given to people living in the TV age. Rauschenberg’s use of found objects and images from everyday life was innovative and set the stage for further development in Pop Art. Pop artists were interested in visual communication because they believed that these images reflected the cultural values of contemporary society.

　　16. In which of the following periods did Pop Art start?

　　17. By which of following were Pop artists inspired?

　　18. Which of the following statements is true about Abstract Expressionism?

　　19. What was the goal of the Pop artist Robert Rauschenberg?

　　20. Why were Pop artists interested in visual communication?

　　本文选自新东方口译名师裴晓栋的blog,blog链接地址：http://blog.hjenglish.com/peixiaodong