奥巴马就男女同工同酬问题发表演讲

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　　Thank you, everybody. (Applause.) All right.Well, thanks to myfriend, Lilly Ledbetter, not only forthat introduction but for fighting for asimpleprinciple: Equal pay for equalwork. It’s not thatcomplicated. And, Lilly, I assure you, you remainthe faceof fair pay. (Laughter.) People don’t want mymug on there. (Laughter.) They want your face.

　　As Lilly mentioned, she did notset out to be atrailblazer. She was just somebody who was wakingup every day,going to work, doing her job the bestthat she could. And then one day, she finds out,after years,that she earned less than her male colleagues for doing the same job. I want tomake that point again. (Laughter.) Doing the same job. Sometimeswhen you -- when wediscuss this issue of fair pay, equal pay for equal work,and the pay gap between men andwomen, you’ll hear all sorts of excuses about,well, they’re child-bearing, and they’re choosing todo this, and they’re thisand they’re that and the other. She wasdoing the same job -- probablydoing better. (Laughter and applause.) Samejob. Working just as hard, probablyputting inmore hours. But she wasgetting systematically paid less.

　　And so she set out to make surethis country lived up to its founding, the idea that all of usare createdequal. And when the courts didn’t answerher call, Congress did.

　　The first time Lilly and I stoodtogether in this room was my tenth day in office, and that’swhen we signed theLilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act. (Applause.) First bill I signedinto law. And someof the leaders whohelped make that happen are here today, including Leader Pelosi andSenatorMikulski and Congresswoman DeLauro. (Applause.) I want to thank allthe members ofCongress and all the state legislators who are here and all the advocates who are here,becauseyou all contributed to that effort. AndI want to give a special thanks to the members ofthe National Equal Pay TaskForce, who’ve done outstanding work to make workplaces acrossAmerica morefair.

　　We’re here because today is EqualPay Day. (Applause.) Equal Pay Day. And it’s nice to havea day, but it’s evenbetter to have equal pay. (Applause.) And our job is notfinished yet. EqualPay Day means that a woman has to work about this far into2014 to earn what a man earned in2013. Think about that. A woman has gotto work about three more months in order to get whata man got because she’spaid less. That’s not fair. That’s like adding an extra six miles toamarathon. (Laughter.) It’s not right.

　　AUDIENCE MEMBER: Ain’t right.

　　THE PRESIDENT: Ain’t right. (Laughter.) It’s not right and itain’t right. (Laughter.)

　　America should be a level playingfield, a fair race for everybody -- a place where anybodywho’s willing to workhard has a chance to get ahead. Andrestoring that opportunity for everyAmerican -- men and women -- has to be adriving focus for our country.

　　Now, the good news is today oureconomy is growing; businesses have created almost 9million new jobs over thepast four years. More than 7 millionAmericans have signed up forhealth care coverage under the Affordable CareAct. (Applause.)

　　That’s a good thing, too. I know it’s Equal Pay Day and not ObamacareDay -- (laughter) --but I do want to point out that the Affordable Care Actguarantees free preventive care, likemammograms and contraceptive care, fortens of millions of women, and ends the days whenyou could be charged morejust for being a woman when it comes to your health insurance. (Applause.) And that’s true for everybody. (Applause.) That’s just one moreplace where thingswere not fair.

　　We’ll talk about drycleanersnext, right -- (laughter) -- because I know that -- I don’t knowwhy it costsmore for Michelle’s blouse than my shirt. (Laughter.)

　　But we’ve got to make sure thatAmerica works for everybody. Anybody who is willing towork hard, they shouldbe able to get ahead. And we’ve got tobuild an economy that works foreverybody, not just those at the top. Restoring opportunity for all has to be ourpriority. That’swhat America isabout. It doesn’t matter where youstarted off, what you look like -- you workhard, you take responsibility, youmake the effort, you should be able to get ahead.

　　And we’ve got to fight for anopportunity agenda, which means more good jobs that paygood wages, andtraining Americans to make sure that they can fill those jobs, andguaranteeingevery child a world-class education, and making sure the economy rewardshardwork for every single American.

　　And part of that is fighting forfair pay for women -- because when women succeed, Americasucceeds. (Applause.) When women succeed, America succeeds. It’s true. I believe that. (Applause.) It’s true. It’s true. It’s true.

　　Now, here’s the challenge: Today, the average full-time working womanearns just 77 centsfor every dollar a man earns; for African American women,Latinas, it’s even less. And in2014,that’s an embarrassment. It iswrong. And this is not just an issue offairness. It’s also afamily issue andan economic issue, because women make up about half of our workforce andthey’reincreasingly the breadwinners for a whole lot of families out there. So when they makeless money, it means lessmoney for gas, less money for groceries, less money for child care, lessmoneyfor college tuition, less money is going into retirement savings.

　　And it’s all bad for business,because our economy depends on customers out there, andwhen customers haveless money, when hardworking women don’t have the resources, that’saproblem. When businesses lose terrificwomen talent because they’re fed up with unfairpolicies, that’s bad forbusiness. They lose out on thecontributions that those women could bemaking. When any of our citizens can’t fulfill their potential for reasons thathave nothing to dowith their talent or their character or their work ethic, we’renot living up to our founding values.Wedon’t have second-class citizens in this country -- and certainly not in theworkplace.

　　So, tomorrow, the Senate has thechance to startmaking this right by passing a bill that Lilly alreadyalludedto -- the Paycheck Fairness Act. (Applause.)They’ve got a chanceto do the right thing. And itwould putsensible rules into place, like making sureemployees who discuss theirsalaries don’t faceretaliation by their employers.

　　And here’s why this isimportant. There arewomen here todaywho worked in offices where it wasagainst the rules for employees to discusssalarieswith one another. And becauseof that, they didn’tknow they were being paid less than men -- just like Lillydidn’t know -- for doing the exactsame work. For some, it was years before they found out. And even then, it only happenedbecause amanager accidentally let it slip or, as in Lilly’s case, a sympatheticco-worker quietlypassed a note. Sheonly found out she earned less than her male colleagues for doing the sameworkbecause somebody left an anonymous note.

　　We can’t leave that tochance. And over the course of Lilly’scareer, she lost more than$200,000 in salary, even more in pension and SocialSecurity benefits -- both of which arepegged to salary -- simply because shewas a woman.

　　And Lilly, and some of the otherwomen here, decided it was wrong, set out to fix it. Theywent to their bosses; they asked for araise. That didn’t work. They turned to the law; they filedsuit. And for some, for years after waiting andpersisting they finally got some justice.

　　Well, tomorrow, the Senate couldpay tribute to their courage by voting yes for paycheckfairness. (Applause.) This should not be a hard proposition. This should not be thatcomplicated. (Applause.)

　　And so far, Republicans inCongress have been gumming up the works. They’ve beenblocking progress on this issue, and of course other issuesthat would help with the economicrecovery and help us grow faster. But we don’t have to accept that. America, you don’t have tosit still. You can make sure that you’re putting somepressure on members of Congress aboutthis issue. And I don’t care whether you’re a Democrat ora Republican. If you’re a voter --ifyou’ve got a daughter, you got a sister, you got a mom -- I know you got a mom-- (laughter) -- this is something you should care about.

　　And I’m not going to stand stilleither. So in this year of action I’veused my executiveauthority whenever I could to create opportunity for moreAmericans. And today, I’m going totakeaction -- executive action -- to make it easier for working women to earn fairpay. So first,I’m going to sign anexecutive order to create more pay transparency by prohibitingfederalcontractors from retaliating against employees who discuss their pay with eachother. (Applause.) Pay secrecy fosters discrimination and weshould not tolerate it -- not in federalcontracting or anywhere else.

　　Second, I’m signing apresidential memorandum directing the Department of Labor and ouroutstandingSecretary of Labor, Tom Perez, to require federal contractors to provide dataabouttheir employee compensation so pay discrimination can be spotted moreeasily.

　　Now, I want to be clear: There are great employers out there who dothe right thing. Thereare plenty ofemployers out there who are absolutely certain that there’s no paydiscriminationhappening in their offices. But then sometimes when the data is laid out, it paints adifferentpicture. Many times they then doeverything they can to fix the problem, and so wewant to encourage them to fixthese problems if they exist by making sure that the data is outthere.

　　So everybody who cares about thisshould pay attention to how the Senate votes tomorrowon this paycheck fairnessact, because the majority of senators support this bill, but two yearsago, aminority of Senate Republicans blocked it from getting a vote. Even worse, somecommentators are out theresaying that the pay gap doesn’t even exist. They say it’s a myth.But it’snot a myth; it’s math. (Laughter andapplause.) You can look at thepaychecks. You canlook at thestubs. (Applause.)

　　I mean, Lilly Ledbetter didn’tjust make this up. (Laughter.) The court, when it looked at thedocuments,said, yep, you’ve been getting paid lessfor doing the same job. It’s just the court then said,you know, it’sbeen -- as Lilly said -- it’s beenhappening so long, you can’t do anythingabout itanymore -- which made no sense and that’s why wehad to sign anotherbill. It’s basic math that adds uptoreal money. It makes a real differencefor a lot ofAmericans who are working hard to support theirfamilies.

　　And of course, the fact that we’vegot some resistance from some folks on this issue up onCapitol Hill just fitswith this larger problem, this vision that the congressional Republicansseemto be continually embracing -- this notion that, you know what, you’re just onyour own, nomatter how unfair things are. You see it in their budget. Thebudget the Republicans inCongress just put forward last week, it’s like a badrerun. It would give massive tax cutstohouseholds making more than a million dollars a year, force deep cuts to thingsthat actuallyhelp working families like early education and college grants andjob training.

　　And, of course, it includes thatnovel idea of repealing the Affordable Care Act. (Laughter.)Fiftieth time they’ve tried that -- which would mean the more than 7million Americans who’vedone the responsible thing and signed up to buy healthinsurance, they’d lose their healthinsurance; and the 3 million young adultswho’ve stayed on their parents’ plan, they’d nolonger have that available;take us back to the days when insurers could charge women morejust for being awoman.

　　On minimum wage, three out of fourAmericans support raising the minimum wage. Usuallywhen three out of four Americans support something, members ofCongress are right there. (Laughter.) And yet here, Republicans in Congress aredead set against it, blocking a pay raisefor tens of millions of Americans --a majority of them women. This isn’tjust about treatingwomen fairly. Thisis about Republicans seemingly opposing any efforts to even the playingfieldfor working families.

　　And I was up in Michigan lastweek and I just asked -- I don’t understand fully the theorybehind this. I don’t know why you would resist the ideathat women should be paid the same asmen, and then deny that that’s not alwayshappening out there. If Republicans inCongress wantto prove me wrong, if they want to show that they, in fact, docare about women being paid thesame as men, then show me. They can start tomorrow. They can join us in this, the 21stcentury,and vote yes on the Paycheck Fairness Act. (Applause.) Vote yes.

　　And if anybody is watching orlistening, if you care about this issue, then let your senatorsknow where youstand -- because America deserves equal pay for equal work.

　　This is not something we’re goingto achieve in a day. There’s going to bea lot of stuff thatwe’ve got to do to close the pay gap. We got to make it possible for more women toenter high-paying fields that up until now have been dominated by men, likeengineering and computerscience. Womenhold less than 6 percent of our country’s commercial patents -- that’s notgoodenough. We need more parents and highschool teachers and college professors encouraginggirls and women to studymath and science. We need morebusinesses to make gender diversitya priority when they hire and when theypromote. Fewer than five percent ofFortune 500companies have women at the helm.

　　I think we’d all agree that weneed more women in Congress. (Applause.) Fewer than 20percent of congressional seats are held by women. Clearly, Congress would get more done iftheratio was -- (laughter) -- evened out a little bit. So we’ve got to work on that.

　　And we’ve all got to do more tomake our workplaces more welcoming to women. Becausethe numbers show that even when men and women are in the sameprofession and have thesame education, there’s still a wage gap, and it widensover time. So we’re going to keepmakingthe case for why these policies are the right ones for working families andbusinesses.And this is all going tolead up to this first-ever White House Summit on Working Families onJune 23rd.

　　So, ultimately, equal pay is notjust an economic issue for millions of Americans and theirfamilies. It’s also about whether we’re willing tobuild an economy that works for everybody,and whether we’re going to do ourpart to make sure that our daughters have the same chancesto pursue theirdreams as our sons, and whether or not we’re willing to restore to the heartofthis country that basic idea -- you can make it, no matter who you are, if youtry.

　　And that’s personal for me. I’ve said this before -- I’ve got twodaughters and I expect themto be treated just like anybody’s sons. And I think about my single mom working hard,going toschool, trying to raise two kids all at the same time. And I think about my grandmother tryingtowork her way up through her career and then hitting the glass ceiling. And I’ve seen howhard they’ve worked, and I’veseen how they’ve sucked it up. And theyput up with stuff andthey don’t say anything, and they just take care of theirfamily and they take care ofthemselves, and they don’t complain a lot. But at a certain point, we have the power todosomething about it for the next generation. And this is a good place to start.

　　So, for everybody out there who’slistening, ask your senator where you stand on paycheckfairness. (Applause.) If they tell you that there’s not a pay gap out there, you tell them tolookat the data, because there is. It’stime to get this done. And I’m going todo my small part rightnow by signing this executive order and presidentialmemoranda. (Applause.)