欧洲人对于收入平等问题所持观点更悲观

2014-08-20 16:04:09来源：可可英语

　　In Europe, people on middle incomes are far more numerous than those at the bottom or thetop of the pay ladder. So a European income-distribution chart resembles a barrel, with abulge in the middle. But many see it as a tower standing on a broad plinth, with a small elite, amodest middle-class and a big base of low earners.

　　在欧洲，中等收入者的数量远远超过位于收入阶梯最底端或最顶端者。因此，欧洲的收入分配呈桶形，中间部分比两头更鼓。但在许多人眼中，欧洲的收入分配为塔形，基座宽，塔尖小，中产阶层不多不少，底部有庞大的低收入人群。

　　This is particularly true in Germany and France, where people see income distribution as farmore unequal than it is. In the UK and Spain, where distribution is less equal, perceptions aremore accurate.

　　德国和法国尤其如此，这两国人眼中的本国收入分配不平等程度远远超过实际情况。在收入分配更不平等的英国和西班牙，人们的印象更为准确。

　　More than 30 per cent of Americans have incomes of 60 per cent or less of the median. Butmost people think that only 24 per cent of their fellow citizens are at this level. “The middle classis truly smaller in the USA and the lower income group considerably more numerous than itscitizens suppose,” says a summary of the study, which suggests this might be partly linked tosocial mobility in the US. People may be less focused on inequality if they think they areclimbing the income ladder, explaining why pressure for redistributive taxation is lower in theUS.

　　逾30%美国人的收入刚刚达到或低于中值收入60%。但大多数美国人认为这个比例仅为24%。研究摘要称，“在美国，实际的中产阶层人数比其国民想象的更少，较低收入人群则庞大得多”。报告提出，部分原因可能是美国的社会流动性较大。如果人们认为自己在收入阶梯上的位置正在攀升，那么他们或许不会那么关注不平等，这解释了为何在美国通过征税对财富进行再分配的民意压力较低。

　　In Europe, the gap between perception and reality is particularly wide in former communiststates, with citizens convinced their countries are far less equal than they really are.

　　在欧洲，国民的印象和实际情况差异格外大的是那些前共产党统治国家，这些国家的国民认为的不平等程度远远超过实际情况。

　　The report adds that levels of concern about inequality tend to be greater in countries withhigher levels of perceived inequality. More than half of Germans and 79 per cent of Frenchthink income differentials are too great, against about 30 per cent of Britons and Spaniards.

　　报告补充称，在国民认为的不平等程度超过实际情况的国家，有关不平等的担忧往往更强烈。逾一半德国人、以及79%的法国人认为，本国的收入差距太大，而在英国和西班牙，持这种看法者的比例约为30%。

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