中国对美国公司加强监管中国消费者得益

2014-08-29 16:48:51来源：可可英语

　　The Chinese government is moving to safeguard the food supply chain in response tocitizens’ demands. Food and product safety and pollution are the two biggest concerns inChina – ahead of paying for medical care and education for family members, according to 5000interviews my firm, The China Market Research Group, conducted in 2013 across15 cities. Inresponse, the government for instance has been pushing for consolidation within the dairysector – just as it had in the steel industry – to ensure better quality control and curbenvironmental degradation.

　　中国政府正在响应民众要求，捍卫食品供应链安全。2013年中国市场研究集团曾在15个城市采访5,000名民众，结果显示，污染以及食品和消费品安全排在家庭医疗费用及教育支出之前，是中国目前最受关注的两大焦点。为此，中国政府已采取不同措施，例如推动乳制品业整合，就像过去促进钢材制造业整合一样，从而确保实现更好的质量控制，防止环境进一步恶化。

　　Second, many companies, such as Qualcomm and Microsoft , have come under fire in otherjurisdictions like Europe for monopolistic practices in the past. Regulators investigated them andfined them over the course of several decades, while in China these companies have gotten arelatively free pass. Until recently, the Chinese government was overwhelmed by other prioritieslike poverty reduction and did not devote significant resources into things like anti-monopolyinvestigations.

　　其次，许多公司，比如高通及微软也曾因为垄断在欧洲等其它司法管辖区受罚。欧洲等地的监管部门过去数十年来一直在调查并处罚这些公司的垄断行为，但是这些企业在中国却面对着相对宽松自由的环境。中国政府过去一直致力于脱贫等更重要的任务，因而并未向反垄断调查等事宜专门投入大量资源，但情况最近已有所改变。

　　Some media reports have painted the wave of investigations as a sudden anti-foreigncrackdown, suggesting that it is a move by President Xi Jinping to consolidate power. However,companies have been aware that investigations like these would be coming for some time now.China’s National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the body charged withenforcing a portion of the anti-monopoly law, announced the start of many of theseinvestigations in 2011. Xi did not take office until 2012 – a year later.

　　部分媒体报道把车企反垄断调查描绘成一场突如其来的排外行为，并暗示这是中国国家主席习近平为巩固政权所采取的行动。但多家企业现在已意识到这类调查将持续一段时间。负责部分反垄断法执行的中国国家发展和改革委员会(NDRC)声称，其中一些调查早在2011年就已展开。而习近平出任中国国家主席是在之后的2012年。

　　The series of investigations has given the appearance of a targeted crackdown, though inmany ways the reason for this is simply that regulators are only now catching up with the taskof regulating the market and reaching standards of market behavior held by other advancedeconomies. Domestic Chinese firms have also been targeted – many of the BMW dealerstargeted for instance are locally owned by Chinese entrepreneurs, not BMW itself. However,these cases have not been in Western news as much.

　　这一系列调查呈现出一种有针对性的打击模式，但从许多方面来看，这样做的原因很简单——监管部门现在开始着手规范市场，以达到其它发达国家的市场行为标准。中国国内的企业也成为调查目标，例如宝马公司的一些经销商其实隶属于当地企业。然而，这些情况在西方的新闻里并不会被大肆报道。

　　It is true that regulators need to be more transparent in their investigations and rulings; theyshould allow lawyers representing the firms under investigation into meetings when decisionsand judgments are made. The opaque way many investigations have been carried out hasgiven the appearance of the government making decisions in back rooms to strong-armbrands into lowering their prices.

　　的确，监管者需要让他们的调查和裁决更加透明化;他们应该允许律师代表被调查企业参与到判决结果的会议当中。而很多不透明的调查，已经给外界一种政府暗中制定决策并强迫品牌降价的印象。

本文关键字: 中国对美国公司加强监管