日本教育改革右倾化国际化难兼顾

2014-10-15 14:01:30来源：可可英语

　　Following a rare term out of office, Japan’s conservatives returned to power last year withPrime Minister Shinzo Abe at their head and an agenda to recast wartime history with a lessapologetic tone. A more critical version of history, which casts Japan as an aggressor in WorldWar II, has been replaced by material that is more “patriotic.”

　　在极其少见地当了一次在野党后，去年，日本保守派重新当权，安倍晋三(Shinzo Abe)成为首相，并且推动了以较少的歉意来重修战争历史的议程。把日本塑造为二战侵略者的比较具有批判性的历史版本，已经被更“爱国”的内容所取代。

　　Critics say the new government is trying to impose a rightist agenda on the nation’s schoolingsystem. They point out, for example, that new state-sanctioned text books play down the deathtoll of the Nanjing massacre in China, which is now referred to as an “incident.”

　　批评人士称，新政府正试图把一种右派议程强加给日本的学校系统。他们举出的例子包括，经国家批准的新教材淡化了中国南京大屠杀中的死亡人数，而南京大屠杀本身现在则被称为“事件”。

　　There has been some resistance to the changes, but by and large, education boards acrossJapan are accepting them. One of the first boards to adopt the new textbooks was that ofYokohama, the country’s second-largest city.

　　这些改动也遭到了一些抵抗，但总体来看，日本各地的教育委员会都在接纳它们。日本第二大城市横滨就是第一批采用新课本的城市之一。

　　At the same time, a formidable drive is underway by the same conservatives to globalizeJapan’s inward-looking education system. Mr. Abe has stated that he wants 10 Japaneseinstitutions to rank among the world’s top 100 universities. Currently only two make the cut inprominent lists like that of Times Higher Education: the University of Tokyo and KyotoUniversity.

　　与此同时，同一拨保守派正在采取强有力的行动，意图使日本着眼国内的教育系统实现全球化。安倍晋三表示，他希望日本能有10家教育机构进入世界大学前100强。目前，只有两家能登上《泰晤士高等教育》杂志(Times Higher Education)排名等著名榜单：东京大学(The University of Tokyo)和京都大学(KyotoUniversity)。

　　The government’s plans include strengthening teaching staffs at universities by hiring foreignprofessors, initiating a certified evaluation system and expanding resources.

　　政府的计划包括：通过聘请外国教授来加强大学的师资力量、建立一个认证评价体系，以及拓展资源。

　　There is also a move to improve bilateral relations with the very countries that the newtextbooks have irked — the United States, China and South Korea.

　　政府还计划与被这批新教科书惹恼的国家——美国、中国和韩国——改善双边关系。

　　Japan’s Asian neighbors fear that its new emphasis on patriotism will lead to nationalism anda teaching of history that obfuscates wartime atrocities. They also accuse Mr. Abe of revivingpast militarism. Tokyo is “attempting to deny and even beautify” the country’s history ofmilitary aggression, a statement from China’s Foreign Ministry said this year.

　　日本的亚洲邻国担心，它新近对爱国主义的强调将催生民族主义，并在进行历史教学时在战时暴行上混淆视听。他们还指责安倍晋三是在试图复兴过去的军国主义。中国外交部今年曾发表声明称，东京“企图否认甚至美化”日本的军国主义侵略历史。

　　China and Japan — which are also facing off over territorial claims — both say that biasedhistory textbooks and education are among the causes of a deep-grained hostility thatthreatens more than 50 years of peace between them.

　　中国和日本——两国还存在领土争端——均表示，歪曲历史的教科书和教育是双方深刻敌意的源头之一，对两国之间50多年的和平局面造成了威胁。

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