双语时事:美国应该避免对俄制裁恶性循环

2014-10-16 14:20:33来源：网络

　　The lessons of Finland’s experience of dealing with Russia can be summed up in twosentences. First, do not be naive. Second, do not be stupid. Great powers are good at changingtheir policies unexpectedly and Russia is no exception. One day they are friends, the nextthey are selling you down the river. Remember the Treaty of Tilsit? It led to Russia robbingFinland from Sweden with Napoleon’s consent. Remember the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact? Itlead to Josef Stalin taking over the Baltic states and trying (but failing) to take over Finland.Remember Yalta? Well, everyone remembers Yalta.

　　芬兰应对俄罗斯的经验教训可以总结成两句话。首先，别天真。其次，别犯蠢。大国擅于出其不意地改变政策，俄罗斯也不例外。今天他们和你是朋友，明天就会出卖你。还记得《提尔西特条约》(Treaty of Tilsit)吗?该条约使俄罗斯得到拿破仑的许可，从瑞典手中夺取了芬兰。还记得《苏德互不侵犯条约》(Molotov-Ribbentrop pact)吗?该条约使约瑟夫•斯大林(Josef Stalin)控制了波罗的海国家并试图(虽然失败了)控制芬兰。还记得雅尔塔(Yalta)吗?好吧，每个人都记得雅尔塔。

　　How can we stop the downward spiral of sanctions? Two things need to be done. First, thereshould be a peace treaty between Ukraine and Russia, combining an agreement on borderswith a commitment from Kiev to uphold the rights of Russian speakers, and a commitmentfrom Moscow to stop supporting the rebels in eastern Ukraine. This offers both sides a face-saving way out. Second, Russia and the west should reconfirm their commitment to the so-called Helsinki principles: respect of territorial integrity and human rights. The Helsinki Accordswill turn 40 next summer. This would be a good time to renew these vows. If Moscow choosesthis course, the west should begin to dismantle the sanctions.

　　我们怎么才能阻止制裁的恶性循环呢?需要做两件事。首先，需要在乌克兰和俄罗斯之间缔结和平条约，并在两国间达成边境协定，基辅方面要承诺维护说俄语人群的权利，而莫斯科方面要许诺不再支持乌克兰东部的反叛分子。这给双方提供了一个留存颜面的出路。第二，俄罗斯和西方应该再度确认对遵守“赫尔辛基原则”(Helsinki principles)的承诺：尊重领土完整和人权。明年夏天，《赫尔辛基协议》(Helsinki Accords)就签署40年了。这是一个更新誓言的好时机。如果莫斯科选择采取这样的行动，西方就应该开始取消制裁。

　　It sounds idealistic, and perhaps it is. Just in case, Finland and Sweden should join Nato in duecourse. Moscow might complain that the western sphere of influence was again expanding.But these two countries are already part of the west. Their membership in Nato would benefitRussia: it would bring in two pragmatic countries who want to make Russia and Nato partnersagain. As surprising as it may sound these days, it is possible to balance idealism andpragmatism in a constructive way.

　　这听上去很理想化，事实上可能也是如此。以防万一，芬兰和瑞典应该在适当的时候加入北约(Nato)。莫斯科或许会抱怨西方的势力范围又扩张了。但这两个国家已经是西方的一部分了。它们加入北约会使俄罗斯受益：引入两个信奉实用主义、希望俄罗斯和北约重归于好的国家。眼下这听上去或许让人惊讶，但以一种建设性的方式平衡理想主义和实用主义是可能的。

　　The writer is secretary-general of the Northern Light, a European business leaders’ conventionbased in Helsinki

　　作者是赫尔辛基欧洲商界领袖大会“Northern Light”的秘书长

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