双语新闻：可再生能源革命挑战行业旧秩序

2014-10-28 16:55:34来源：网络

　　In fact, the problems with the energiewende (pronounced in-ur-GEE-vend-uh) have multipliedso rapidly in the past couple of years that the government is now trying to slow down thetransition. "I think we need a little bit of time," said Jochen Flasbarth, a deputy minister ofthe environment.

　　事实上，能源转型带来的问题在过去几年里迅速增多，以致于德国政府正竭力放缓转型的脚步。“我认为我们还需要一点点时间，”德国环境部副部长约亨·弗拉斯巴斯(Jochen Flasbarth)说。

　　Technological Innovation

　　技术创新

　　As renewable energy sources start to cause gyrations in power supplies and prices, expertscontend that clever new market rules could keep the costs reasonable.

　　可再生能源开始让电力供给和价格产生波动之际，有专家认为，如果新建立的市场规则足够明智，应该可以把成本控制在合理范围内。

　　Some of the innovations they recommend are already in use to some extent — pioneered inthe United States, with Germany avidly studying them. They include regular payments topersuade utilities to keep some fossil-fuel power plants on standby for times when renewablesources lag.

　　他们所推荐的一些新制度，在某种程度上已经得到了应用——这些制度是由美国率先实施的，德国正在积极研究。其中包括定期付费给公用事业公司，令其保留一些化石燃料发电厂，在可再生能源短缺时作应急之用。

　　"It's like a retainer you pay your lawyer to keep her around in case you need her," said Jay Apt,an electricity expert at Carnegie Mellon University.

　　“就好比你向你的律师支付聘金，以确保她在你需要的时候一定会出现，”卡内基梅隆大学(Carnegie MellonUniversity)的电力专家杰伊·阿普特(Jay Apt)说。

　　For Germans, the unpredictability of onshore renewable power explains the appeal of offshorewind. The stiff, steady breezes in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea mean that turbines builtthere will produce far more power than land turbines.

　　对德国人而言，由于内陆地区可再生能源电力的产量存在不可预测性，海风的吸引力便显现了出来。北海和波罗的海上空的风力强大而稳定，意味着安装在那里的涡轮机在发电量上远远高于内陆地区的涡轮机。

　　That is why three utilities have virtually seized control of the tiny resort island of Heligoland,renting out one hotel for 10 years straight. It is the most convenient body of land to use as anoperations base for the huge wind farms they are installing, with long-range plans to go as faras 125 miles offshore.

　　正因为如此，三家公用事业公司差不多算是把黑尔戈兰岛给占领了，直接与这个度假小岛上的一家酒店签下了10年的租约。它们正按照长期规划建设风电场，一直要建到距海岸125英里远的地方，而黑尔戈兰岛是最适合用来做行动基地的一片陆地。

　　The streets of the island are thronged with well-paid workers. "Really, all areas on Heligolandare profiting," declared Eike Walenda, the manager of a local outfitter and fueling station.

　　小岛的街道上挤满了待遇优厚的工人。“真的，黑尔戈兰岛每个地块都在获益，”当地一家兼售户外用品的加油站的经理艾克瓦·伦达(Eike Walenda)说。

　　The costs of building in the sea are far higher than on land, of course. The price tag of up to$30 million per turbine is not just for the machine itself, but also for power cables, installationand many other items. To induce utilities to go forward, the government has had toguarantee them power prices of several times the market rate.

　　当然了，海上风电场的建设费用远高于陆地上的费用。每台涡轮机高达3000万美元的身价不仅仅是机器本身的价格，还包含了电缆费、安装费等好多项费用。为了吸引公用事业公司参与这样的项目，德国政府不得不答应它们把电价提高到市价的好几倍。

　　But, just as with earlier forms of renewable technology, the Germans expect the costs ofharnessing offshore wind to drop sharply as the market grows over the coming decade. If thathappens, the United States could be a big beneficiary. Studies have shown that offshore windcould supply as much as 15 to 20 percent of the power needed by East Coast cities, andconstruction is about to start on a handful of American projects.

　　不过，德国人预计在未来10年里，海风发电的成本可以随着市场规模的增长而大幅下降——就像早期的那些可再生能源发电技术那样。要是成本真降下来，美国也许会成为受益者。有研究表明，海风发电可为东海岸城市供应其所需电量的15%至20%;而且美国的几个项目很快就要开工建设了。

　　For now, the German offshore farms are adding billions to the costs consumers are alreadybearing for solar panels, onshore wind turbines, biogas plants and the rest of the transition torenewable energy. Polls suggest it is a burden they are willing to carry.

　　德国消费者已经为太阳能板、内陆地区的风力涡轮机、沼气池，以及向可再生能源时代过渡所需的其他一切承担了高昂的成本，现在，他们又要因海风电场而多承担数十亿美元。民意调查显示，他们乐意担起这副担子。

　　"Indeed, the German people are paying significant money," said Markus Steigenberger, ananalyst at Agora, the think tank. "But in Germany, we can afford this — we are a rich country.It's a gift to the world."

　　“事实上，德国民众正付出高昂的代价，”能源智库阿哥拉能源转型的分析师马库斯·施泰根贝格尔(MarkusSteigenberger)说，“但在德国，我们能够承担得起——我们是富裕国家。这是我们给世界的礼物。”

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