澳大利亚总理霍华德在博鳌亚洲论坛2005年年会上的演讲

　　参加口译考试的同学们在平时要积累大量素材，今天新东方在线名师为大家整理了一些学习资料，帮助同学们练习。

　　澳大利亚总理霍华德在博鳌亚洲论坛2005年年会上的演讲

　　Chairman Jia Qinglin, Your Excellencies, my fellow Heads of Government,

　　ladies and gentlemen,

　　贾庆林主席 各位贵宾 各国政府领导人 女士们、先生们，

　　I am really delighted to be able to participate in this Forum. I do so as the leader of a nation whose commitment to and involvement in this part of the world, the affairs, the hopes, the aspirations, and the future of the Asian region is unqualified. Perhaps to illustrate that I should point out to you that I attend this Forum having just completed two very important bilateral visits to China and Japan. When in Beijing I witnessed the signing of an agreement to commence negotiations for a bilateral Free Trade Agreement between Australia and China. When in Tokyo we reached an understanding for a feasibility study into the possibility of a Free Trade Agreement between Australia and Japan.

　　能够出席此次论坛，我感到很高兴。我是以一个无条件地致力和参与亚洲地区的事务、它的希望、期待以及未来的国家的领导人身份出席此次论坛的。为了说明这一点，也许我应该先向大家介绍一下，在出席此次年会之前，我刚刚结束了两次十分重要的双边访问-中国和日本。在北京，我们签署了一项关于就澳中双边自由贸易协议开展谈判的协议。在东京，我们就开展澳日自由贸易协议可行性研究达成谅解。

　　It also comes, this visit of mine, at the end of a period of very intense exchange and activity between Australia and the member nations of the Asian family. We hosted recently a visit to Australia, the first in 20 years, by a Malaysian Prime Minister from the speaker, the Malaysian Prime Minister who has just so eloquently addressed you. And a few days prior to that we hosted a visit from President Yudhoyono of Indonesia. I mention these things to emphasise the naturalness of the association and the exchange between Australia and the nations of this region.

　　在我此访之前，澳大利亚与亚洲大家庭其他成员的交往和互动也十分频繁。不久前，我们迎来了马来西亚总理20年对澳大利亚的首次访问，就是刚刚发表精彩演讲的这位马来西亚总理。而再往前几天，印尼总统刚刚结束对澳大利亚的访问。我提到这些，是为了强调澳大利亚与本地区各国之间存在着天然的联系和交往。

　　It is common ground to this conference, ladies and gentlemen, that Asia has experienced extraordinary economic growth over the last decades, particularly over the last 10 years. Australia herself has been a great beneficiary of Asia’s economic strength and Asia’s economic growth. Japan has been Australia’s best customer since 1969 and in the context of the answer given by the Prime Minister of Malaysia to the last question, can I point out that the foundations of that relationship between Australia and Japan were laid as far back as 1957 when a landmark Commerce Agreement was signed between the governments of Australia and Japan, only 12 years after the end of World War II. And it indicated a far sightedness on the part of the leadership of those two nations.

　　女士们、先生们，亚洲经济几十年来，尤其是过去10年来的突飞猛进是博鳌论坛存在的基础。澳大利亚就是亚洲经济实力和经济增长的一大受益者。日本自1969年以来就一直是澳大利亚的最大客户。我想接着马来西亚总理对最后一个提问的回答谈一点看法。早在1957年，澳日两国政府签署了一项具有标志性意义的商务协议，为澳日关系打下了基础，而这距离二次世界大战结束才不过12年。它显示了两国领导人的远见卓识。

　　Bilateral trade between Australia and China has quadrupled over the last 10 years. And a Korean company, POSCO, remains the single best customer for Australians goods and services anywhere in the world. I mention these things to emphasise the benefits that Australia has derived from the growth of the Asian economy. But it’s been a complementary process. There has been, as you all know, a huge growth in demand for Australian resources. And that will be the subject of a special session this afternoon. But it has been a two-way process, imports accounted for 30 per cent of the Australian textile, clothing and footwear market in 1991, by 2001 that had grown to 53 per cent. And can I also point out that Chinese clothing accounts for 73 per cent of all of Australian clothing imports. So it has not been a one-way process and there has been great complementarity to the exchanges.

　　过去10年，澳中双边贸易翻了两番。而韩国浦项制铁则一直是澳大利亚商品和服务的全球最大客户。我提到这些，是为了强调：澳大利亚从亚洲经济增长中获益匪浅。但这是一个互补的过程。大家都知道，对澳大利亚资源的需求一直在增加。今天下午的专题会将专门讨论这一问题。但这也是一个双向的过程。1991年，澳大利亚纺织品、服装和鞋类市场上，进口占到30%。到2001年，这一比例已增至53%。我想指出的是，来自中国的服装占澳大利亚服装进口总量的73%。所以，这不是一种单向的过程，贸易往来存在着很大的互补性。

　　There is of course immense optimism amongst all of us, and no doubt it will pervade this conference, that the momentum of economic growth in the Asian region will continue. And we have good reason to have that optimism. But I think we should also, amidst that optimism, remind ourselves that the experience of the past suggests that it should not be taken for granted, that it has to be nurtured and worked upon in order to be guaranteed. The Asian economic downturn of 1997 and 1998 was abrupt and brutal in its impact, and unfair in many respects in its impact on a number of the nations of the ASEAN region in particular. But it was nonetheless a reminder to all of us of how external shocks of that kind can come along and disrupt the flow and the momentum of seemingly inevitable growth. So drawing on that past experience, can I suggest to this Forum that there are some guiding principles which all of us need to adhere to to guarantee a continuation of the economic growth and prosperity that we regard as so important to the future of our peoples.

　　我们普遍有一种乐观的情绪，这一情绪无疑会影响到整个年会，即：亚洲地区经济增长的势头将保持下去。我们有理由这样乐观。但我认为，在乐观的同时，也应该警示自己：以往的经历表明，经济增长不能视为理所当然。它需要细心呵护、努力奋斗，才能确保实现。1997、98年亚洲经济的滑坡，其后果是突如其来、残酷无情的，给东盟许多国家带来的诸多后果是不公平的。但它对我们所有人都是一种警示：类似的外来的冲击是如何产生、又是如何破坏一种看起来势不可挡的增长势头的。鉴于以往的这种教训，我对大会有如下建议：有些指导性原则，我们每个人都需要遵守，以确保对我们的人民的未来如此重要的经济能够持续增长和繁荣。

　　Firstly, I believe that the nations of the region must maintain strong and unwavering commitment to the principles of open trade and investment policies. There is plenty of evidence from the IMF and elsewhere that the most successful nations of the past 30 or 40 years have been those that have pursued open trade and investment policies. Those that have gone most quickly from being underdeveloped to rapidly developing countries have been those that have embraced open trade and investment policies. China’s own growth, the extraordinary five times increase in GDP over the last 25 years dates from the decision taken by the Chinese leadership in the late 1970s to embrace more open policies. The same has been the case with India. And the spread of Free Trade Agreements in which Australia has been an active participant is an illustration of the desirability of continuing to embrace open trade and investment policies. Australia herself has signed Free Trade Agreements with Singapore and Thailand, we have commenced negotiations with China and also with Malaysia. All of these measures of course are consistent with our World Trade Organisation obligations, provided free trade agreements on a bilateral basis are consistent with the principles of free world trade there is no inconsistency at all with the goals of the WTO. And on the subject of the WTO, can I emphasise how important the gathering in Hong Kong will be later this year. We have not had a genuine world trade round successful concluded for a quarter of a century. And the future of the Doha trade round hangs critically in the balance. In the interests of the least developed countries of the world, who depend for 70 per cent of their income from exports from the agricultural sector, significant reductions in high agricultural tariffs, particularly from those areas of the world that maintain them at very high levels, will be necessary if a successful Doha round is to be completed.

　　首先，我认为，本地区各国必须不遗余力、始终不渝地致力于开放贸易和投资政策。IMF等的事例足以说明，过去30、40年来，最成功的国家是那些奉行开放贸易和投资政策的国家。能从不发达国家迅速转变为经济飞速发展国家的，也都奉行了开放贸易和投资政策。中国自己的发展(GDP在过去25年中增长了五倍)源于七十年代末中国领导人做出的开放决定。印度也是如此。澳大利亚一直积极参与的自由贸易协议的浪潮，表明继续奉行开放贸易和投资政策是人心所向。澳大利亚已与新加坡和泰国签署了自由贸易协议。与中国和马来西亚的谈判也已启动。当然，所有这些举措与我们的世贸组织义务是一致的。双边的自由贸易协议只要与世界自由贸易的原则是一致的，就不会与世贸组织的目标相悖。谈到世贸组织，请允许我强调一下今年晚些时候在香港举行的谈判的重要性。多哈回合的成败在此一举。考虑到那些收入的70%来源于农业出口的世界最不发达国家的利益，要为多哈回合画上一个圆满的句号，必须大幅度降低农业关税，尤其是世界上那些税率较高的地区。

　　Secondly, could I argue that there is a constant need for domestic economic reform within the individual member states of the Asian region. This applies just as much to highly developed countries such as Australia as it does to less well developed countries. And the reforms that different governments in Australia have undertaken over the last 20 years stood our country in remarkably good stead when the Asian economic downturn hit in 1997 and enabled us to go through that downturn with little apparent damage.

　　其次，我认为，亚洲地区各成员国需要不断地进行内部改革。这一点对高度发达的国家如澳大利亚和不太发达的国家同样适用。过去20年来澳大利亚历届政府进行的改革，使我国在1997年亚洲经济滑坡来临之时已处于十分有利的态势，几乎毫发无损地渡过了那一困难时期。

　　Thirdly, I think we should remind ourselves that despite all the multilateral cooperation that exists we still live in a world of nation states. And in times of crisis, and this was no better illustrated at the time of the tragic tsunami a few months ago, it was the capacity of individual nation states to respond, and Australia included, Singapore and the United States, the three of us rendering particular and immediate assistance to our friends in Indonesia who were so heavily hit. It is the capacity of nation states to act quickly and decisively that is still very important. And this means that individual nation states should constantly look to the transparency of their governance arrangements, that world wide investment flows will always go to nations which have transparent legal and accounting systems, that have a transparent banking system, and have strong clear rules of governance that affect the business community. And those rules can only be made and improved and altered and reformed by the actions of individual nation states.

　　第三，我认为，我们应该告诫自己：尽管存在着各种形式的多边合作，我们仍生活在一个民族国家主导的世界里。当危机来临之时(几个月前海啸的悲剧就是绝佳的例证)，民族国家能够做出反应。包括澳大利亚在内的新加坡、美国等三个国家对遭受沉重打击的印尼的朋友提供了特别和及时的援助。民族国家快速和决定性的反应能力仍是十分重要的。这意味着各个民族国家应该时时监查其治理架构的透明性。在全球范围内，投资总是流向那些有着透明的法律和会计制度、透明的银行体系、强有力和明确的经济治理规则的国家。这些规则只有通过民族国家的行动才能得到制定、改进、改变和改革。

　　Fourthly, we must remind ourselves for all our natural focus on the interaction of nations within this region that Asia should not become in any way inward looking. That we live in a global economic environment, and that is our future forever, whether we live in Asia, Europe or in North America. The United States will remain the most powerful economy in the world indefinitely. And the linkages between this region and the rest of the world are many. Once again let me illustrate by reference to my own country – Japan as I mentioned is our best customer, the European Union as an entity is our largest trading partner, the United States is our largest source of foreign investment, and we have recently signed, and it came into operation at the beginning of this year, a Free Trade Agreement with the United States.

　　第四，我们必须提醒自己：尽管我们的注意力会很自然地集中于本地区内部各国间的往来，但亚洲绝不应成为一个向内看的地区。我们生活在一个全球化的经济环境下。无论我们生活在亚洲、欧洲还是北美，我们的未来永远都会是这个样子。美国将无限期地保持世界经济第一的地位。本地区和世界其他地区的联系是广泛的。请允许我再一次以我自己的国家为例加以说明-日本，我刚才说过，是我们最好的客户。欧盟，作为一个整体，是我们最大的贸易伙伴。美国是我们最大的投资来源地。我们与美国最近签署了一个自由贸易协议，已于年初正式实施。

　　Fifthly, let us also remind ourselves that threats of a non-economic kind and events of a non-economic kind can exact a fearful economic price. The tsunami hit hard many of the economies of the Indian Ocean area. The terrorist attacks that took place in Bali in 2002 had a terrible impact on the tourist industry of that lovely island. And the constant threat of terrorism exists as a danger in a very disturbing and disruptive way of the continued economic progress of so many of our member countries. And that of course reminds us of the need not only for the maximum cooperation amongst the nations of the region in a friendly, harmonious way of which the Malaysian Prime Minister spoke so eloquently. But it also means continued cooperation and association with other nations from outside the region in the worldwide fight against the scourge of terrorism.

　　最后，我们还要提醒自己：非经济性威胁和非经济性事件也会导致严重的经济后果。海啸使印度洋地区许多经济体遭受重创。2002年巴厘岛发生的恐怖袭击给这个美丽岛屿的旅游业带来严重影响。令人不安和破坏力极大的恐怖主义的阴影，时时威胁着众多成员国经济的持续发展。这当然警示我们，本地区各国之间不仅需要以马来西亚总理所雄辩地阐述的“友好、和谐的方式”尽最大可能进行合作，还要同地区外其他国家不断进行合作、加强联系，在全球范围内打击恐怖主义这一祸端。

　　Ladies and gentlemen, this is the first occasion that I’ve been able to attend this Forum. I think the concept of this Forum is quite outstanding, it has deservedly grown in prestige and esteem in the few years that it’s been in operation. It’s a chance for me at a very wide and prestigious forum to restate the unending commitment of my country to the prosperity of the region. We are forever together in this part of the world. We will forever need to work with each other, to respect each other, to help each other, to invest in each other’s economies, to buy and exchange each other’s goods and services. Australia has much to offer the region. The region has much to offer my country. Not least of course the resource of its people and one of the realities and one of the outstanding characteristics of modern Australia is the contribution that people from different parts of our region are making to the shaping of our national life.

　　女士们、先生们，这是我第一次得以出席论坛年会。我认为，博鳌论坛是一个十分出色的创意。经过数年的发展，论坛当之无愧地享有了今天的威望和声誉。对我来说，这是一次机会，可以在一个影响广泛、声名显赫的论坛上重申，我国将永远致力于本地区的繁荣。在这一地区，我们永远站在一起。我们永远都需要相互合作、彼此尊重、互帮互助、相互投资、互通有无。澳大利亚可贡献于本地区者甚多，本地区可提供给我国者甚多。人力资源无疑是其中重要的一部分。来自本地区不同国家的人民为创造澳大利亚今日生活做出了重大贡献，这是事实，也是今日澳大利亚的一大特点。

　　My friends, I’ve enjoyed very much the privilege of being part of this Forum. I wish it well and I congratulate those who have conceived the idea of the Boao Forum only four or five years ago, they truly had the future of the region at heart.

　　朋友们，非常高兴有幸参加此次论坛。我谨向论坛表示良好的祝愿，并向那些在4、5年前提出博鳌论坛这一创意的人们表示祝贺。他们是真正关心这一地区未来的人。

　　Thank you. 谢谢

　　约翰·霍华德

　　约翰·霍华德，澳大利亚政治家，曾任澳大利亚总理(1996年-2007年)。1939年7月26日出生于悉尼。1961年毕业于悉尼大学，获法学学士学位。1962年7月获新南威尔士州最高法院事务律师资格。就任总理前，曾在政府担任要职。过去二十年来一直引领澳公众关于经济改革(劳动力市场、税收、私有化、放松金融管制、关税等)核心问题的辩论。霍华德对华态度友好，曾先后八次访华。1996年3月11日成为澳洲第25任总理，并两度连任成功。他曾于1985年到1989年担任在野自由党的党魁，之后渡过了他政治生涯上的低潮。但他的对手都低估了他的强韧，使他在1995年再次成为自由党的领导人，并于1996年击败基廷成为澳洲第25任总理。由于澳洲并没有对总理的任期设限，所以虽然他经常在报章被讥笑为“没有选择中的选择”，他仍然在2004年的选举中他成功第三度连任，超越了霍克成为澳洲任期第二长的总理

　　政治家的堀起

　　1974年，霍华德当选为悉尼郊区Bennelong 的众议员。当1975年12月弗雷泽(Frager)成立新内阁，他任命了霍华德担任联邦政府商业和消费事务部长，其后任特别贸易谈判部长并担任联邦财政部长达五年之久。1977年12月再改任财务部长，时年38岁，所以被当时的人冠以“财政部长男孩”(“Boy Financial Minister”)的称号。1982年4月被选为自由党的副领袖。1985至1989年、1995年任自由党领袖。1996年3月出任总理。

　　在2007年11月24日举行的澳大利亚联邦大选中，霍华德未能赢得他的第五个任期，陆克文领导的工党成功击败霍华德领导的两党联盟，陆克文将担任澳大利亚联邦第二十六届总理。霍华德于当天晚上当地时间十点三十六分发表讲话，承认选举失败。霍华德表示，他非常荣幸在担任澳大利亚联邦总理十一年多的时间里，使这个国家更繁荣强大，他要感谢与他共事多年的同事们的支持，感谢家人及选民的支持。希望工党政府能继续带领澳大利亚取得更大的成绩。

　　当选世界板球联合会主席

　　澳大利亚总理约翰·霍华德是众人皆知的板球迷，在2007年卸任后，他开始满世界的观看板球比赛，而现在，他可以全身心的投入此项运动，因为在2010年3月2日举行的世界板球联合国的例会上，霍华德成功当选该协会的新任主席，任期到2012年。

　　在得到这一消息后，霍华德表示自己非常荣幸能代表澳大利亚和新西兰当选该组织的主席，他说：“这将不仅是一段令人难忘的经历，也将是一个不小的挑战”。

　　霍华德是在澳大利亚和新西兰就大洋洲唯一一名获选人的激烈争夺后最终获得提名并成功当选的。

　　在2007年从总理的位置上离开后，霍华德就一直是一家以板球传奇巨星布拉德曼命名的基金会的主席，他将于2010年7月前往世界板球联合会履职。

　　John Winston Howard, OM AC SSI, (born 26 July 1939) is an Australian politician who served as the 25th Prime Minister of Australia, from 11 March 1996 to 3 December 2007. He is the second-longest serving Australian Prime Minister after Sir Robert Menzies.

　　Howard was a member of the House of Representatives from 1974 to 2007, representing the Division of Bennelong, New South Wales. He served as Treasurer in the Fraser government from 1977 to 1983. He was Leader of the Liberal Party and Coalition Opposition from 1985 to 1989, which included the 1987 federal election against Bob Hawke. He was re-elected as Leader of the Opposition in 1995.

　　Howard led the Liberal-National coalition to victory at the 1996 federal election, defeating Paul Keating's Labor government and ending a record 13 years of Coalition opposition. The Howard Government was re-elected at the 1998, 2001 and 2004 elections, presiding over a period of strong economic growth and prosperity.[1] Major issues for the Howard Government included taxation, industrial relations, immigration, the Iraq war, and Aboriginal relations. Howard's coalition government was defeated at the 2007 election by the Labor Party led by Kevin Rudd. Howard also lost his own parliamentary seat at the election; he was the second Australian Prime Minister, after Stanley Bruce in 1929, to do so.

　　每天挤45分钟攻克上海口译吧，其实学习一门语言并不是难事，关键在于持之以恒。

　　不论是报考上海基础口译还是上海中高级口译的同学们，平时的积累是通过考试的一种方法。所以平时要多阅读一些和口译有关的内容以及背景知识，同时也欢迎同学们关注新东方在线口译频道。