十八届三中全会《深化改革决定》要点3(双语)

2014-06-07 09:25:00来源：china daily

　　新东方在线口译频道为大家带来的十八届三中全会《深化改革决定》要点，双语文本，本文是第三部分，供大家学习。

　　五、深化财税体制改革

　　V—Fiscal and tax system

　　财税体制是国家治理的重要保障。

　　The fiscal and taxation system is an important guarantee of State governance.

　　17. 改进预算管理制度。建立规范合理的中央和地方政府债务管理及风险预警机制。中央出台增支政策形成的地方财力缺口，原则上通过一般性转移支付调节。清理、整合、规范专项转移支付项目。

　　17. Improve the budgetary system. Establish a standard and reasonable debt-management system for central and local governments and a risk-alert system. In principle, a shortfall in local government should be filled by general transfer payments. Clean, merge and standardize special transfer payments.

　　18. 完善税收制度。完善地方税体系，逐步提高直接税比重。推进增值税改革，适当简化税率。调整消费税征收范围和税率。把高耗能、高污染产品及部分高档消费品纳入征收消费税范围。加快房地产税立法并适时推进改革，推动环境保护费改税。

　　18. Improve the taxation system. Perfect the local taxation base by gradually raising the share of direct taxation. Advance value-added tax reform and simplify rate levels, and adjust the scope and rate of the consumption tax. Energy and pollution-intensive products and high-end consumer products will be subject to a consumption tax. Also, accelerate property-tax legislation and related reform at an appropriate time. Change the current environmental-protection fee into an environment tax.

　　19. 建立事权和支出责任相适应的制度。适度加强中央事权和支出责任。国防、外交、国家安全、关系全国统一市场规则和管理等作为中央事权。保持现有中央和地方财力格局总体稳定。进一步理顺中央和地方收入划分。

　　19. Establish a system in which the government's administrative authority is commensurate with its spending responsibility. Increase the administrative authority and spending responsibility of the central government. The central government will oversee expenditure for defense, diplomacy, national security and other issues related to national market rule and management. Keep the current fiscal power of central and local governments stable. Close the fiscal revenue divide between central and local government.

　　六、健全城乡发展一体化体制机制

　　VI—Urban-rural development

　　城乡二元结构是制约城乡发展一体化的主要障碍。必须让广大农民平等参与现代化进程。

　　The existing urban-rural dual structure is a main obstacle to integrated development. Efforts must be made to allow farmers to participate in China's modernization.

　　20. 加快构建新型农业经营体系。推进家庭经营、集体经营、合作经营、企业经营等共同发展的农业经营方式。依法维护农民土地承包经营权。允许农民以承包经营权入股发展农业产业化经营。鼓励和引导工商资本到农村发展适合企业化经营的现代种养业，向农业输入现代生产要素和经营模式。

　　20. Accelerate the building of a new agricultural-operation system based on a mix of family, collective, cooperative and enterprise operations. Land-contracting rights will be protected. Farmers are allowed to become shareholders in the agriculture-industrialization via their land-contracting rights. Private capital is encouraged to invest in a modern planting and breeding industry, and for introducing modern production and management methods.

　　21. 赋予农民更多财产权利。积极发展农民股份合作，赋予农民对集体资产股份占有、收益、有偿退出及抵押、担保、继承权。改革完善农村宅基地制度，保障农户宅基地用益物权，选择若干试点，探索农民增加收入渠道。建立农村产权流转交易市场。

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