双语新闻：在尤科斯拆分案判俄罗斯政府被判败诉

2014-08-14 12:29:42来源：可可英语

　　An international court has awarded the shareholdersof the now-defunct Yukos oil company more than$50 billion, ruling that the Russian governmentwrongly seized the company from one of thecountry’s most powerful oligarchs.

　　一家国际法庭裁定，现已不复存在的尤科斯石油公司(Yukos)的股东们应当得到超过500亿美元(约合3100亿元人民币)的赔偿。裁决认定俄罗斯政府从该国最强大的寡头之一手中不正当地夺走了这家公司。

　　The award by a tribunal in The Hague — the largestever in international arbitration — is the latestchapter in a dispute that began in 2003 when Russian authorities arrested Yukos’s chairman,Mikhail B. Khodorkovsky, and sold off his company over the next several years.

　　海牙的一家仲裁法庭裁定的这宗赔偿，是国际仲裁史上金额最大的一宗。2003年，俄罗斯当局逮捕了尤科斯公司的总裁米哈伊尔·B·霍多尔科夫斯基(Mikhail B. Khodorkovsky)，并在随后几年里将他的公司出售。这次的赔偿裁定是始于2003年的这场纠纷中最新的发展。

　　Mr. Khodorkovsky gained control of Yukos through Russia’s privatization auctions in the1990s, and the attack on the energy company was seen by some as the Kremlin’s effort tocorrect irregularities in that process. Others, including Yukos shareholders, saw the company’stroubles and Mr. Khodorkovsky’s imprisonment as an effort by Russia’s government to punishhim for his political ambitions and take back the oil and gas industry.

　　霍多尔科夫斯基在上世纪90年代俄罗斯的私有化拍卖中，取得了尤科斯的控制权，而之后这家能源公司受到的攻击，在一些人看来，是克里姆林宫试图纠正私有化过程中出现的违规做法。但包括尤科斯股东在内的另一些人则认为，这家公司遇到的麻烦，以及霍多尔科夫斯基的入狱，是俄罗斯政府在对他的政治抱负进行惩罚，也是政府在夺回油气产业的控制权。

　　In siding with the shareholders, the ruling adds to the pressure on Russia, which facesincreased scrutiny in the United States and Europe for the escalating crisis in Ukraine. TheYukos case plays into broader concerns that Russia, under the leadership of President VladimirV. Putin, has looked to stifle opposition and put valuable assets under Kremlin insiders’control.

　　这项裁决支持了股东的诉求，加剧了俄罗斯承受的压力。当前，俄罗斯由于激化乌克兰的危机，受到了美国和欧洲越来越严厉的审视。尤科斯公司的案件让人联想起更广泛的一些担忧，即在弗拉基米尔·V·普京(VladimirV. Putin)的领导下，俄罗斯意图钳制反对派，并将其巨额财产放在克里姆林宫圈内人的手中。

　　A three-person panel, in a roughly 600-page ruling, portrayed the seizure and breakup ofYukos as a politically driven campaign to neutralize Mr. Khodorkovsky while taking thelucrative oil company from which he derived most of his wealth. The panel said Russia “was notdriven by motives of tax collection” in auctioning off a core business but “by the desire of thestate to acquire Yukos’ most valuable asset.”

　　由三人组成的仲裁庭在长约600页的裁定书中写道，没收并拆分尤科斯公司的行为是出于政治原因而采取的行动，目的是消除霍多尔科夫斯基的影响力，同时夺取他名下利润丰厚的石油公司。霍多尔科夫斯基的大部分财富都来源于这家公司。仲裁小组认定，俄罗斯在拍卖一项核心业务时，“动机并不是税收”，而是“意欲让国家取得尤科斯公司最有价值的资产”。

　　“In short,” the tribunal said, “it was in effect a devious and calculated expropriation.”

　　仲裁小组表示，“简而言之，这实际上是一个精心策划的、狡诈的盘剥行为。”

　　“This has to be a considerable source of embarrassment and frustration for the smallgroup of people at the helm” in Russia, said John Lough, a Russia analyst at Chatham House, aresearch organization in London.

　　伦敦研究机构皇家国际事务研究所(Chatham House)的俄罗斯问题专家约翰·洛(John Lough)表示，这为俄罗斯“掌舵的一小群人，带来了相当大的尴尬和挫折”。

　　Still, the award, which was less than shareholders sought, may prove a largely symbolic blow.It is unclear how shareholders will collect the money from Russia.

　　不过，这次裁定的赔偿低于股东提出的金额，而且这项裁定产生的冲击，基本上也只是象征性的。目前尚不清楚股东会怎样从俄罗斯收取赔偿金。

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