新研究对乳腺癌X光筛查提出进一步质疑

2014-10-08 16:59:59来源：可可英语

　　One of the largest and most meticulous studies ofmammography ever done, involving 90,000 womenand lasting a quarter century, has added powerfulnew doubts about the value of the screening test forwomen of any age.

　　历史上规模最大、最严格细致的乳房X光检查研究之一，对所有年龄段的女性进行这种筛查的价值提出了强有力的新质疑。这项研究持续了四分之一个世纪之久，涉及9万名女性。

　　It found that the death rates from breast cancer andfrom all causes were the same in women who gotmammograms and those who did not. And thescreening had harms — one out of five cancers found with mammography and treated was nota threat to the woman's health and did not need treatment like chemotherapy, surgery orradiation.

　　该研究发现，在做过乳房X线检查和没有做过它的女性中，乳腺癌导致的死亡率和所有原因导致的死亡率并无二致。而且这种筛查本身具有危害——通过乳房X光检查发现并进行了治疗的癌症肿块中，有五分之一对女性的健康并不构成威胁，也不需要进行化疗、手术或放疗等治疗。

　　The study, published Tuesday in The British Medical Journal, is one of the few rigorousevaluations of mammograms conducted in the modern era of more effective breast cancertreatments. It randomly assigned Canadian women to have regular mammograms and breastexams by trained nurses or to have breast exams alone.

　　这项研究本周二发表在《英国医学杂志》(BMJ)上，在如今这个乳腺癌治疗手段更加有效的时代，对乳房X线检查进行的严格评估寥寥无几，它就是其中一个。在这项研究中，加拿大女性被随机分配给训练有素的护士，进行定期乳房X光检查和乳房检查，或者只进行乳房检查。

　　Researchers sought to determine whether there was any advantage to finding breast cancerswhen they were too small to feel. The answer was no, the researchers report.

　　研究人员希望确定，在乳腺癌肿块太小，患者感觉不到它的时候，发现乳腺癌是否有任何优势。答案是否定的，研究报告称。

　　The study seems likely to lead to an even deeper polarization between those who believe thatregular mammography saves lives, including many breast cancer advocates and patients, and agrowing number of researchers who say the evidence is lacking or, at the very least, murky.

　　这项研究很可能会导致更深的两极分化：一方是相信定期做乳房X光检查可以挽救患者生命的人，包括很多乳腺癌关爱活动倡导者和患者，另一方是越来越多的研究人员，他们认为这种说法缺乏证据，或者至少是证据不明朗。

本文关键字: