CATTI二级口译精讲讲义(第5讲)

　　为了方便同学们的口译学习，新东方在线口译网为大家准备整理了CATTI二级口译精讲讲义(第5讲)，供大家阅读参考。更多有关口译的资讯，尽在新东方在线口译网!

　　CATTI二级口译精讲第5讲讲义

　　一、逻辑分析练习

　　I'm very happy to see such a large audience. But this lecture on the stock market is meant for beginners. A stock is an ownership share in a business. Companies sell stock as a way to raise money without borrowing. People buy stock as an investment, in the hope of making a profit on an increase in the stock's price.

　　The stock market in the United States began in New York City in 1792. The New York Stock Exchange is the oldest financial market in the United States, and the largest stock market in the world.

　　The stocks of more than three thousand American and international companies are traded on the New York Stock Exchange. Together the stock represents about eighty percent of the value of all publicly owned companies in America.

　　Stockbrokers and dealers have been an important part of the traditional stock trading system. These financial experts are paid for their knowledge of financial markets and business. But, the Internet has made it easy for the general public to get information about companies and stocks. Many people now choose to control how their money is invested.

　　About fifty years ago, only five percent of Americans owned stock. They were usually very rich people trading shares with each other. Today, almost fifty percent of all Americans have stock holdings. And, sixteen percent of all stock trades take place over the Internet.

　　The expression used to describe such a period when the prices of most stocks are increasing is a "bull market.”A "bear market" is when most stock prices are falling as investors sell stocks.

　　Usually, investors in the United States have bought stocks they expected .to keep for many years. Over the long-term, the stock market has always increased. Short-term price decreases only affect people who sell stocks at prices lower than they paid for them. That is why during bull markets, experts tell investors to keep their stocks rather than to sell.

　　Recently, however, short-term trading has become more popular, especially one kind called day trading. Day traders seek to earn money from the daily changes in the price of a stock. Day trading is an extremely risky form of investing. It is possible to gain a large amount of money very quickly by day trading. Most day traders, however, lose money.

　　The performance of the stock market is measured by stock indexes. The Dow Jones Industrial Average follows the share prices of thirty leading industrial companies in the United States. The NASDAQ Composite Index is also a major stock index.

　　People usually have invested in companies that have strong earnings and a large share in their business market. But over the last few rears, stocks of companies that promise future growth have had the greatest demand.

　　In a few years, investors should be able to trade stocks twenty-four hours a day. Seven days a week. And, in the future, financial markets around the world are expected to be linked. We just have to be a little bit more patient。

　　二、主题篇章练习——教育词汇

　　教育方针 education policy

　　面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来 be oriented to modernization, the world and the future

　　升学率 proportion of students entering higher schools

　　实现高等教育大众化 provide an education with all-round development in all schools and higher-learning institutions

　　德智体美全面发展 develop morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically

　　人才竞争 competition for qualified human resources

　　增强综合国力 enhance the overall strength of the country

　　优化教育结构 optimize the education structure

　　优化教师队伍 optimize the teaching staff

　　远程教育 distance education

　　普及九年制义务教育 make the nine-year compulsory education universal

　　扫盲 eliminate illiteracy

　　辍学青少年 school drop-out

　　学分制 credit system

　　创新精神 creativity/ innovation

　　大学生创业 university students’ innovative undertaking

　　准博士 all but dissertation(ABD)

　　博士后科研流动站 Post-doctorate R&D Base

　　国家重点实验室 National Key Laboratory

　　国家重点科技攻关项目 national key scientific and technological project

　　人文社科国家重点研究基地 National Key Research Center for Social Sciences

　　同等学历 have the same educational level (as the regular graduate or student of certain academic qualification)

　　特困生 the most needy student

　　民办学校 schools run by non-governmental sectors

　　社会力量办学 manage a school with societal resources

　　在职培训 on-job training;in-service training

　　单轨制 one-track system

　　双轨制 two-track system

　　放宽报名考生年龄限制 relax restriction on the required age of exam candidates

　　短训班 short-term class

　　进修班 refresher course

　　速成班 crash course

　　勤工助学 work-study

　　考勤 check roll

　　转学 school transfer

　　休学 schooling suspension

　　开除学籍 expulsion from school

　　品学兼优 excellent in character and learning

　　德才兼备 combine character with ability/ equal stress on integrity and ability

　　教书育人 educate a person as well as inform book knowledge

　　因材施教 individualized instruction

　　人才流失 brain-drain situation

　　复合型人才 inter-disciplinary talent

　　走读生 day student / non-resident student

　　必修课 compulsory course / required course

　　选修课 optional course/ selective course

　　文化冲击 culture shock

　　民间文化folk culture

　　都市文化 urban culture

　　诸子百家 the masters’ hundred schools

　　天下为公 The world is for all.

　　弘扬本民族优秀文化 carry forward one’s fine cultural heritage

　　文化多元化 cultural pluralism; multiculturalism

　　主导文化 dominant culture

　　“亲仁善邻”Benevolence and good-neighborliness