必须让航空更安全否则社会难有稳定之日

2014-09-25 13:59:16来源：可可英语

　　Yet countries benefit from keeping airspace open because they collect fees for every aircraftthat flies over their territory, a global revenue stream of more than $20bn a year. In fragilestates, this conflict of interest could have dangerous consequences.

　　然而，保持领空开放有利于各国，因为它们可以向飞越本国领空的飞机收取费用——在全球范围内，这项收入每年超过200亿美元。在脆弱的国家，这种利益冲突可能会带来危险的后果。

　　Avoiding flying over every conflict zone is impractical; that would paralyse aviation and theworld economy. Instead, passengers rely on airlines, regulators and aviation authorities toensure safe passage. In this case, the system that governs global air safety failed. There arethree things we can do to improve it.

　　避开所有冲突地区是不切实际的;这将令航空业乃至全球经济陷入瘫痪。乘客依赖航空公司、监管机构和航空管理机构来确保飞行安全。在这种情况下，规范全球空中安全的体系却失灵了。我们可以采取三项措施来改善这个体系。

　　First, airlines can share data about flight risk. In the weeks after MH17, it became clear thatcarriers differ vastly over conflict zones. Germany’s Lufthansa, which flew over Ukraine,avoided northern Iraq and Israel. Australia’s Qantas flew over Iraq but avoided Ukraine andIsrael. British Airways flew over Israel but avoided Ukraine and Iraq. Why? Because airlines donot share their risk assessments. That must change.

　　首先，航空公司可以共享有关飞行风险的信息。在MH17失事后的数周内，有一个事实浮出水面：航空公司飞经冲突地区的路线大不相同。德国的汉莎航空(Lufthansa)会飞经乌克兰，但避飞伊拉克北部和以色列。澳大利亚的澳洲航空公司(Qantas)飞越伊拉克，但避飞乌克兰和以色列。英国航空公司(British Airways)飞越以色列，但避飞乌克兰和伊拉克。为什么?因为航空公司不会共享它们的风险评估。这一点必须改变。

　　Second, countries can share more information from their intelligence services. One reasoncarriers choose different routes is because they receive such information from their nationalagencies. But some countries have more extensive networks than others, and even the mostcomprehensive have blind spots. A system for sharing sensitive information would narrowthe gaps in intelligence and aviation warning systems, providing greater protection forpassengers.

　　其次，各国可以共享来自情报机构的更多信息。航空公司选择不同航线的一个原因是它们从本国情报机构那里得到了相关信息。但一些国家拥有比其他国家更广泛的情报网络，而即便是最完善的情报网络也有盲点。共享敏感信息的机制将有助于弥补情报体系与航空警告体系所存在的缺陷，为乘客提供更有力的保护。

　　Countries are understandably reluctant to share sensitive material. But, as the InternationalAir Transport Association has pointed out, recommendations based on intelligence can bepresented without compromising security. If sanitised information can be shared with civiliannational carriers, it can be shared with other airlines.

　　各国不愿共享敏感资料是有情可原的。但正如国际航空运输协会(International Air Transport Association)所指出的那样，可以在不损害安全的情况下，提出依据情报得出的建议。如果经过审查的信息可以与民用国家航空公司共享，那么这些信息也可以与其他航空公司共享。

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