政府报告白皮书中英文翻译：《新时代的中国国防》

　　They have suspended all paid services. As of June, 2018, paid services provided by leading organs, operational units, and military-affiliated public institutions at all levels had been basically suspended, involving 15 sectors such as real estate lease, agricultural and associated products, and hospitality. Over 100,000 such projects have been suspended as scheduled, accounting for 94% of the total. The armed forces have achieved the goal of withdrawing from running businesses.

　　调整改革后的军兵种和武警部队

　　Reshuffled PLA and PAP Troops

　　陆军对维护国家主权、安全、发展利益具有不可替代的作用。包括机动作战部队、边海防部队、警卫警备部队等，下辖5个战区陆军、新疆军区、西藏军区等。东部战区陆军下辖第71、72、73集团军，南部战区陆军下辖第74、75集团军，西部战区陆军下辖第76、77集团军，北部战区陆军下辖第78、79、80集团军，中部战区陆军下辖第81、82、83集团军。按照机动作战、立体攻防的战略要求，加快实现区域防卫型向全域作战型转变，提高精确作战、立体作战、全域作战、多能作战、持续作战能力，努力建设一支强大的现代化新型陆军。

　　The PLAA plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining China’s national sovereignty, security and development interests. It comprises maneuver operation, border and coastal defense, and garrison forces. Under the PLAA, there are 5 TC army commands, the Xinjiang military command, and the Tibet military command. The ETC Army has under it the 71st, 72nd, and 73rd group armies; the STC Army has the 74th and 75th group armies; the WTC Army has the 76th and 77th group armies; the NTC Army has the 78th, 79th and 80th group armies; and the CTC Army has the 81st, 82nd and 83rd group armies. In line with the strategic requirements of maneuver operations as well as multi-dimensional offense and defense, the PLAA is speeding up the transition of its tasks from regional defense to trans-theater operations, and improving the capabilities for precise, multi-dimensional, trans-theater, multi-functional and sustained operations, so as to build a new type of strong and modernized land force.

　　海军在国家安全和发展全局中具有十分重要的地位。包括潜艇部队、水面舰艇部队、航空兵、陆战队、岸防部队等，下辖东部战区海军(东海舰队)、南部战区海军(南海舰队)、北部战区海军(北海舰队)，海军陆战队等。战区海军下辖基地、潜艇支队、水面舰艇支队、航空兵旅等部队。按照近海防御、远海防卫的战略要求，加快推进近海防御型向远海防卫型转变，提高战略威慑与反击、海上机动作战、海上联合作战、综合防御作战和综合保障能力，努力建设一支强大的现代化海军。

　　The PLAN has a very important standing in the overall configuration of China’s national security and development. It comprises submarine, surface ship, aviation, marine, and coastal defense forces. Under the PLAN, there are the ETC Navy (Donghai Fleet), the STC Navy (Nanhai Fleet), the NTC Navy (Beihai Fleet), and the PLAN Marine Corps. Under the TC navies there are naval bases, submarine flotillas, surface ship flotillas and aviation brigades. In line with the strategic requirements of near seas defense and far seas protection, the PLAN is speeding up the transition of its tasks from defense on the near seas to protection missions on the far seas, and improving its capabilities for strategic deterrence and counterattack, maritime maneuver operations, maritime joint operations, comprehensive defense, and integrated support, so as to build a strong and modernized naval force.

　　空军在国家安全和军事战略全局中具有举足轻重的地位和作用。包括航空兵、空降兵、地面防空兵、雷达兵、电子对抗部队、信息通信部队等，下辖5个战区空军、1个空降兵军等。战区空军下辖基地、航空兵旅(师)、地空导弹兵旅(师)、雷达兵旅等部队。按照空天一体、攻防兼备的战略要求，加快实现国土防空型向攻防兼备型转变，提高战略预警、空中打击、防空反导、信息对抗、空降作战、战略投送和综合保障能力，努力建设一支强大的现代化空军。

　　The PLAAF plays a crucial role in overall national security and military strategy. It comprises aviation, airborne, ground-to-air missile, radar, ECM, and communications forces. Under the PLAAF, there are 5 TC air force commands and one airborne corps. Under the TC air forces, there are air bases, aviation brigades (divisions), ground-to-air missile brigades (divisions) and radar brigades. In line with the strategic requirements of integrating air and space capabilities as well as coordinating offensive and defensive operations, the PLAAF is accelerating the transition of its tasks from territorial air defense to both offensive and defensive operations, and improving its capabilities for strategic early warning, air strikes, air and missile defense, information countermeasures, airborne operations, strategic projection, and integrated support, so as to build a strong and modernized air force.

　　火箭军在维护国家主权、安全中具有至关重要的地位和作用。包括核导弹部队、常规导弹部队、保障部队等，下辖导弹基地等。按照核常兼备、全域慑战的战略要求，增强可信可靠的核威慑和核反击能力，加强中远程精确打击力量建设，增强战略制衡能力，努力建设一支强大的现代化火箭军。

　　The PLARF plays a critical role in maintaining China’s national sovereignty and security. It comprises nuclear missile, conventional missile and support forces, and subordinate missile bases. In line with the strategic requirements of having both nuclear and conventional capabilities and deterring wars in all battlespaces, the PLARF is enhancing its credible and reliable capabilities of nuclear deterrence and counterattack, strengthening intermediate and long-range precision strike forces, and enhancing strategic counter-balance capability, so as to build a strong and modernized rocket force.

　　战略支援部队是维护国家安全的新型作战力量，是新质作战能力的重要增长点。包括战场环境保障、信息通信保障、信息安全防护、新技术试验等保障力量。按照体系融合、军民融合的战略要求，推进关键领域跨越发展，推进新型作战力量加速发展、一体发展，努力建设一支强大的现代化战略支援部队。

　　The PLASSF is a new type of combat force for safeguarding national security and an important driver for the growth of new combat capabilities. It comprises supporting forces for battlefield environment, information, communications, information security, and new technology testing. In line with the strategic requirements of integrating existing systems and aligning civil and military endeavors, the PLASSF is seeking to achieve big development strides in key areas and accelerate the integrated development of new-type combat forces, so as to build a strong and modernized strategic support force.

　　联勤保障部队是实施联勤保障和战略战役支援保障的主体力量，是中国特色现代军事力量体系的重要组成部分。包括仓储、卫勤、运输投送、输油管线、工程建设管理、储备资产管理、采购等力量，下辖无锡、桂林、西宁、沈阳、郑州5个联勤保障中心，以及解放军总医院、解放军疾病预防控制中心等。按照联合作战、联合训练、联合保障的要求，加快融入联合作战体系，提高一体化联合保障能力，努力建设一支强大的现代化联勤保障部队。

　　The PLAJLSF, as the main force for joint logistics as well as strategic and campaign level support, is an important component of the modern military force with Chinese characteristics. It comprises the support forces for inventory and warehousing, medical services, transport, force projection, oil pipelines, engineering and construction management, reserve assets management, and procurement. Under the PLAJLSF, there are 5 joint logistic support centers located respectively in Wuxi (Jiangsu Province), Guilin (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region), Xining (Qinghai Province), Shenyang (Liaoning Province), and Zhengzhou (Henan Province), as well as the PLA General Hospital and the PLA Center for Disease Prevention and Control. In line with the requirements of joint support for joint operations and joint training, the PLAJLSF is being integrated into the joint operations system to enhance the capabilities of integrated joint logistics, so as to build a strong and modernized joint logistic support force.

　　武警部队在维护国家安全和社会稳定、保卫人民美好生活中肩负着重大职责，实行“中央军委-武警部队-部队”领导指挥体制，武警部队的根本职能属性没有发生变化，不列入解放军序列。公安边防部队、公安消防部队、公安警卫部队退出现役，国家海洋局领导管理的海警队伍转隶武警部队，武警黄金、森林、水电部队整体移交国家相关职能部门并改编为非现役专业队伍，撤收武警部队海关执勤兵力，彻底理顺武警部队领导管理和指挥使用关系。调整后，武警部队包括内卫部队、机动部队、海警部队等。按照多能一体、有效维稳的战略要求，加强执勤、处突、反恐、海上维权和行政执法、抢险救援等能力建设，努力建设一支强大的现代化武警部队。

　　The PAP shoulders important responsibilities in safeguarding national security, social stability and public wellbeing. China has adopted a CMC-PAP-Troops leadership and command system with the basic duties and nature of the PAP unchanged. The PAP is not in the force structure of the PLA. The PAP border defense, firefighting and security guard forces have been decommissioned. The coast guard under the leadership of State Oceanic Administration has been transferred to the PAP. PAP goldmine, forest and hydroelectricity forces have been reorganized into specialized forces of non-active service under corresponding state authorities. Meanwhile, the PAP customs guard forces have been withdrawn. In this way, the leadership, management, command and employment of the PAP has become more coherent. Following adjustment and reorganization, the PAP is mainly composed of the internal security corps, the mobile corps, and the coast guard. In line with the strategic requirements of performing multiple functions and effectively maintaining social stability, the PAP is enhancing capacity in guard duties, emergency response, counter-terrorism, maritime rights protection, administrative enforcement and disaster relief, so as to build a strong and modernized armed police force.

　　推进国防和军队全面建设

　　Promoting Defense and Military Development in All Respects

　　始终把思想政治建设摆在军队各项建设首位。牢固确立习近平强军思想的指导地位，坚决维护习近平总书记党中央的核心、全党的核心地位，坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导，贯彻中央军委主席负责制，政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识进一步增强。2014年12月印发《关于新形势下军队政治工作若干问题的决定》，推进政治整训，军队重整行装再出发。2018年8月召开中央军委党的建设会议，全面加强新时代军队党的领导和党的建设工作。着力培养有灵魂、有本事、有血性、有品德的新时代革命军人，锻造具有铁一般信仰、铁一般信念、铁一般纪律、铁一般担当的过硬部队。

　　Placing theoretical and political buildup at the top of the agenda of the armed forces. China’s armed forces unswervingly take Xi Jinping’s thinking on strengthening the military as the guidance, firmly uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping as the core of the CPCCC and the whole Party, firmly uphold the authority of the CPCCC and its centralized and unified leadership, and follow the CMC Chairman responsibility system, in an effort to further strengthen the consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core and keep in alignment. In accordance with the Decision on Issues Relating to the Military Political Work in the New Era issued in December 2014, China’s armed forces have improved their political work and embarked on a new journey of development. In order to fully strengthen the Party leadership and Party building of the military in the new era, a CMC meeting on party building was held in August, 2018. Great efforts are being made to cultivate revolutionary officers and soldiers of the new era with faith, ability, courage and integrity, and build troops with iron-like faith, conviction, discipline and commitment.

　　推进国防科技和军事理论创新发展。加快实施科技兴军战略，巩固和加强优势领域，加大新兴领域创新力度，一些战略性、前沿性、颠覆性技术自主创新取得重要进展，成功研制天河二号超级计算机等一批高技术成果。聚焦战争和作战问题推进军事理论创新，推出战略、联合作战、信息化建设等一系列理论成果，为国防和军队建设提供理论支撑。

　　Promoting innovation in defense S&T and military theory. China’s armed forces are accelerating the implementation of the strategy to develop the military through S&T in a bid to maintain and enhance the strength of the areas where they lead, and intensify innovation in emerging areas. They have made great progress in independent innovation in some strategic, cutting-edge and disruptive technologies, and succeeded in developing strategic hi-tech products such as the Tianhe-2 supercomputer. Focusing on war and fighting wars, China’s armed forces have innovated in military doctrines and delivered outcomes in military strategy, joint operations and informationization, which have provided a theoretical support to defense and military development.

　　构建现代化武器装备体系。完善优化武器装备体系结构，统筹推进各军兵种武器装备发展，统筹主战装备、信息系统、保障装备发展，全面提升标准化、系列化、通用化水平。加大淘汰老旧装备力度，逐步形成以高新技术装备为骨干的武器装备体系。15式坦克、052D驱逐舰、歼-20战斗机、东风-26中远程弹道导弹等装备列装部队。

　　Establishing a modernized weaponry and equipment system. China’s armed forces are optimizing the overall composition of weaponry and equipment, coordinating the efforts of all services and arms in this regard, promoting the balanced development of main battle equipment, information systems, and support equipment, with a view to comprehensively raising standardization, serial development and interoperability. Old equipment is being phased out, and a system created that mainly comprises new and high-tech weaponry and equipment. Type 15 tanks, type 052D destroyers, J-20 fighters, and DF-26 intermediate and long-range ballistic missiles have been commissioned.

　　建设一切为了打仗的现代化后勤。建立以联勤部队为主干、军种为补充，统分结合、通专两线的保障体制，构建以战略战役力量为主干、队属力量为补充、社会保障为依托，联合、精干、高效的后勤力量体系，推动后勤力量融入战区联合训练、军兵种跨区训练和中外联演联训，推进前后方一体训练，初步形成快速响应、全维参战、精确保障能力。

　　Building a combat-oriented modern logistics system. China’s armed forces are putting in place a support mechanism combining centralized and decentralized support, as well as general and special-purpose supplies, with PLAJLSF as the backbone force and service logistics units as supplements. They are also building a joint, lean and efficient logistic support system with the strategic and campaign level forces as the main force, the affiliated forces as the support, and the civil sectors as supplements. Logistics units have been incorporated into TC-level joint training, trans-theater training by services and arms, and joint exercises and training with foreign militaries to strengthen the integrated training of logistical and operational forces. China’s armed forces have acquired a rapid, multi-dimensional and precise support capability.

　　强化战略管理。坚持需求牵引规划、规划主导资源配置，建立完善“需求-规划-预算-执行-评估”的战略管理链路。制定军队发展战略和重要领域、军兵种、武警部队发展战略，形成战略规划和计划体系。规范军队战略规划工作，颁布实施《军队建设发展“十三五”规划纲要》，健全评估、督导、调控等制度机制。