政府报告白皮书：《中国保障宗教信仰自由的政策和实践》

　　四、宗教界的作用得到充分发挥

　　IV. The Role of Religious Groups Has Been Fully Developed

　　中国鼓励各宗教与时俱进，与社会主义社会相适应，为促进经济发展、社会和谐、文化繁荣、民族团结、祖国统一贡献力量。

　　China encourages all religions to keep pace with the times and adapt to the socialist society, and contribute to economic growth, social harmony, cultural prosperity, ethnic solidarity and national unification.

　　努力对教义教规作出契合国情和时代要求的阐释。中国各宗教在发展过程中历来有与中国优秀传统文化相融合、与社会发展现实需求相适应的特点。中国宗教界坚持宗教中国化方向，践行社会主义核心价值观，弘扬中华民族优良传统，积极探索符合中国国情的宗教思想。在保持基本信仰、核心教义、礼仪制度的同时，佛教界和道教界开展讲经交流活动，伊斯兰教界开展“解经”工作，天主教界推进民主办教，基督教界开展神学思想建设，努力对宗教教义教规作出契合国情和时代要求的阐释。佛教界将爱国与爱教结合起来，更多关注现世问题，更加注重弘法利生、公益慈善、文化交流。道教界致力于尊道贵德、道法自然、清静恬淡、抱朴守真等教理教义的转化和发展，助力中华优秀传统文化的继承与弘扬。伊斯兰教界注重阐释教义中爱国、和平、团结、宽容、中道等思想，起到了立正信、明是非、反分裂、抵制宗教极端主义的积极作用。天主教界积极推动教会的本地化，在教会事务的管理及重大问题的决策上实行“民主办教”。基督教界吸取中国优秀文化的养分，促进基督徒与不同信仰者之间的互相尊重、和睦相处，推动基督教更好地融入当代中国社会。

　　Making efforts to interpret religious teachings and rules which conform to the national conditions and demands of the times. In the course of their development, religions in China have blended with traditional Chinese culture and adapted to the actual needs of social development. Chinese religious groups must conduct religious activities in the Chinese context, practice core socialist values, carry forward the fine traditions of the Chinese nation, and actively explore religious thought which conforms to the reality in China. While maintaining their basic beliefs, core religious teachings and etiquette system, the Buddhist and Taoist communities hold sermons, the Islamic community carries out work interpreting the classics, the Catholic community encourages the running of its religious work in a democratic manner, and the Protestant community conducts theological construction, all in an attempt to interpret religious teachings and rules to conform to the national conditions and demands of the times. The Buddhist community integrates patriotism with love of religion, focusing more on worldly concerns, promoting Buddhism to benefit all living creatures, public charity, and cultural exchange. The Taoist community is committed to promoting its religious principles such as “respecting the Tao and valuing morality”, “Tao follows nature”, “being quiet and serene”, and “embracing simplicity and wisdom”, to help carry forward and promote traditional Chinese culture. The Islamic community focuses on interpreting the thoughts in its religious doctrine of patriotism, peace, unity, tolerance and the Middle Path, serving to form correct belief, discerning right from wrong, opposing secession, and resisting religious extremism. The Catholic community actively promotes the localization of churches, managing church activities and making decisions in a democratic manner. The Protestant community draws nourishment from traditional Chinese culture, helping to foster mutual respect and harmony between Protestants and believers of all faiths so as to allow Protestantism to better integrate into modern Chinese society.

　　积极从事公益慈善活动。从2012年起，宗教界依据《关于鼓励和规范宗教界从事公益慈善活动的意见》，每年开展“宗教慈善周”活动，捐款数额累计超过10亿元。为汶川地震等重大灾难事故举行各种赈灾祈福祈祷活动;集中力量帮助贵州省三都水族自治县脱贫;开展多种形式的捐资助学;资助专业医疗机构开展便民义诊，捐助困难群体的医疗救治;开展多种形式的敬老助残活动，创建养老机构，建立残疾人康复站，初步统计，宗教界共开办了养老机构400多家，床位数总计约2.9万张;倡导绿色环保理念，佛教界和道教界开展了“文明敬香”和“合理放生”活动，建设生态寺庙、生态宫观。

　　Actively engaging in public charity activities. Since 2012, based on “Opinions on Encouraging and Regulating Religious Circles’ Participation in Public Welfare Charitable Activities”, religious groups have carried out an annual “Religious Charity Week”; with total donations exceeding one billion yuan. They have also held prayer services following the Wenchuan earthquake and other major disasters and incidents, utilized available resources to help the Sandu Shui Autonomous County, Guizhou Province to eliminate poverty, made donations to education in various forms, funded professional medical institutions to provide free services, subsidized medical treatment for disadvantaged groups, and carried out a range of activities to help the elderly and disabled by establishing nursing homes for the elderly and rehabilitation centers for the disabled. According to preliminary statistics, religious groups have established more than 400 nursing homes offering approximately 29,000 beds. They also advocate a “green environment” philosophy. Buddhist and Taoist communities have called for environmentally friendly forms of burning incense and freeing captive animals, and have constructed eco-friendly temples.

　　自觉抵制极端主义。面对宗教极端思想对人类文明共同底线的挑战，宗教界旗帜鲜明地同极端主义划清界限，坚决反对冒用宗教名义从事暴力恐怖和民族分裂活动，大力倡导正信正行。2013年1月，汉传、藏传与南传三大语系佛教的高僧大德和专家学者召开会议，呼吁所有佛教界人士积极行动起来，向广大信众宣讲正确的佛教生命观，反对违背佛教教义和戒律实施或煽动他人实施自焚的极端行为。2014年5月，中国伊斯兰教协会发出《坚守中道，远离极端》倡议书，全国伊斯兰教界知名人士共同发声，严厉谴责暴力恐怖活动。2016年7月，中华宗教文化交流协会会同中国伊斯兰教协会在乌鲁木齐举办了伊斯兰教中道思想国际研讨会，倡导中道思想，共同反对极端主义。2017年12月，中国全国性宗教团体联合发出倡议，号召宗教界增强鉴别能力，防范和抵制邪教侵害，维护社会和谐稳定。

　　Conscientiously resisting extremism. Faced by the challenge of religious extremism to the bottom line of human civilization, religious groups have taken a clear stand and drawn a line against extremists, fully advocating correct belief and behavior, and fighting resolutely against the use of terrorist violence and instigation of separatism in the name of religion. In January 2013, eminent monks, experts and scholars of Buddhism of Chinese tradition, Tibetan tradition and Theravada tradition convened a meeting to call on all Buddhists to become more active in preaching to their believers about the correct outlook on life and opposing extremist behaviors such as self-immolation or the incitement of others to do so, which violate Buddhist teachings and discipline. In May 2014, the China Islamic Association released a proposal entitled “Keep to the Middle Path and Steer Clear of Extremism”, whereby well-known Islamic figures across the country condemned violent terrorist activities. In July 2016, the China Religious Culture Communication Association and the China Islamic Association held the International Seminar on the Islamic Middle Path in Urumqi, advocating the role of the Middle Path in opposing extremism. In December 2017, national religious groups jointly issued a proposal calling for religious communities to enhance their abilities to distinguish, guard against and resist the encroachment of cults, and maintain social harmony and stability.

　　五、宗教关系积极健康

　　V. Active and Healthy Religious Relations

　　中国妥善处理党和政府与宗教、社会与宗教、国内不同宗教、中国宗教与外国宗教、信教公民与不信教公民等多种关系，形成了积极健康的宗教关系。

　　Relations between the Party/government and religious groups, society and religion, different religions within the country, religions of China and foreign countries, and religious believers and non-believers are properly handled in China. This has enabled active and healthy religious relations to take shape.

　　党和政府与宗教界的关系和谐融洽。中国共产党坚持以“政治上团结合作、信仰上互相尊重”的原则处理同宗教界的关系，同宗教界的爱国统一战线不断巩固。目前，中国约有2万名宗教界人士担任了各级人民代表大会和政治协商会议的代表、委员，积极参政议政，实施民主监督。从1991年开始，党和国家领导人每年与全国性宗教团体负责人迎春座谈，听取他们的意见建议。全国各地普遍建立了党政领导干部与宗教界人士联谊交友机制，加深了解，增进友谊。

　　Harmony between the Party/government and religious groups. The CPC adheres to the principle of “uniting and cooperating politically, and respecting each other’s beliefs” in the handling of relations with religious groups, and maintains good relations with religious circles. They have formed a consolidated patriotic united front. At present, approximately 20,000 prominent figures from the religious circles serve as deputies and members at all levels of people’s congresses and committees of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, and participate in the deliberation and administration of state affairs and exercising democratic oversight. Since 1991, Party and state leaders have held annual seminars before the Spring Festival with heads of national religious groups to listen to their opinions and suggestions. Mechanisms have been established between Party and government leaders and religious personages across the country to help enhance mutual understanding and friendship.

　　社会对宗教持包容态度。两千多年来，佛教、伊斯兰教、天主教、基督教等先后传入中国，很少出现以宗教为背景的冲突和对抗，国家与社会对各种宗教和多样的民间信仰持开放态度，宗教信仰自由和民间信仰多样性获得尊重。各宗教继承和发扬长期以来中国化、本土化的传统，主动适应社会，发扬爱国爱教、团结进步、服务社会、和谐包容的优良传统，自觉维护国家利益、社会公共利益和公序良俗，履行社会责任。2016年，全国宗教界在各地开展了纪念抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利71周年和平祈祷活动，呼吁维护民族团结、国家稳定和世界和平。

　　Social tolerance towards religions. Religious conflict and confrontation have rarely been seen in China since the introduction of Buddhism, Islam, Catholicism and Protestantism over the past 2,000 years. The state and the society have maintained an open mind towards diverse religions and folk beliefs, and respect both freedom of religious belief and diversity of folk beliefs. Religious groups carry on the longstanding tradition whereby religions in China must be Chinese in orientation, and actively adapt to society. They also carry on the fine traditions of patriotism, unity, progress, service to society, harmony, and inclusiveness. Religious groups conscientiously safeguard national and social public interests, public order and good customs, and fulfill social responsibility. In 2016, Chinese religious groups organized peaceful prayer services across the country to commemorate the 71st anniversary of victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Second World War, and call for the maintenance of ethnic solidarity, national stability and world peace.

　　各宗教积极开展交流对话。历史上，各种宗教在中国交融共生、彼此借鉴，成为中国优秀传统文化的有机组成部分。在当代，不同宗教相互尊重、相互学习，开展对话交流，开创了“五教同光，共致和谐”的新境界。全国性和一些地方性宗教团体建立了联席会议机制，对涉及宗教关系的问题进行协商沟通，创造了具有中国特色的宗教对话模式，增进了相互之间的理解和友谊。