双语时事：韩国艺术家因嘲弄总统而遭遇审查

2014-09-09 12:07:28来源：可可英语

　　Mr. Hong’s works, along with pieces by other activist artists, were put to use by the student-leddemocracy movement of the 1980s. Police officers using tear gas raided university campusesand tore their paintings down.

　　20世纪80年代学生领导的民主运动经常使用洪成潭等艺术活动家们的作品。警察曾用催泪弹突袭大学校园，撕毁他们的画作。

　　Although Mr. Hong escaped imprisonment during the darkest years of dictatorship, he wasarrested in 1989 as the country was moving toward democracy. Mr. Hong was arrested aftersending slides of some of his work, including a painting that depicted the Gwangju uprising, toKorean-Americans who were headed to a youth festival in Pyongyang, North Korea. He wasdeemed to have violated the National Security Law, still in effect today, which prohibits any actjudged to be “helping the enemy” in North Korea. He was interrogated under torture and spentthree years in prison.

　　虽然洪成潭在最黑暗的独裁时期躲过了牢狱之灾，却在1989年该国走向民主时被捕。他把自己部分作品的幻灯(其中一幅画描绘的是光州起义)发给了前往朝鲜平壤参加一个青年节的一些韩裔美国人，因此被捕。他被认为违反了国家安全法。该法如今依然有效，它禁止任何被认定为“帮助”朝鲜“敌人”的行为。他遭受刑讯，在狱中度过了三年。

　　After South Korea’s transition to democracy in the 1990s, most artists who had been activein the resistance to military rule moved on to other themes. But Mr. Hong continued toproduce politically oriented work. In 2012, when the conservative Ms. Park ran for president,he made her a target. One scathing painting showed Ms. Park doing the now-famous“Gangnam Style” dance created by a South Korean performer. She was dancing below a noose,an allusion to the hanging of dissidents under her father’s regime. Another painting put Ms.Park in a delivery room, having just given birth to a baby who resembles her late father.

　　20世纪90年代韩国向民主社会过渡之后，大多数在反抗军事统治中非常活跃的艺术家转向了其他主题。但是洪成潭继续创作有政治导向的作品。2012年，保守派朴槿惠竞选总统时，他把她当成了一个靶子。在他的一幅尖刻的油画中，朴槿惠在一个绞架下面跳起了韩国艺人创作的著名舞蹈《江南Style》，绞架暗指她父亲统治时期对异见者实施绞刑。在另一幅画中，朴槿惠在产房里刚生了一个酷似其先父的孩子。

　　Furious conservative politicians have compared Mr. Hong to Joseph Goebbels. The NationalElection Committee accused him of violating South Korean election law, which prohibitsdefaming candidates with the intent of preventing their election. But he was not charged. (Another artist, Lee Ha, was less fortunate; he was indicted after depicting Ms. Park as SnowWhite, holding a rotten apple with her father’s image engraved in its skin. He was acquittedtwo years later.)

　　愤怒的保守派政客们把洪成潭比作约瑟夫·戈培尔(Joseph Goebbels)。韩国选举委员会指控他违反韩国选举法，该法禁止为阻止候选人当选而进行诋毁。但是他未被起诉(另一位艺术家李哈[Lee Ha音译]就没这么幸运了。他把朴槿惠描绘成白雪公主，手里拿着一个烂苹果，苹果皮上刻着其父的形象，他因此遭到起诉，两年后被判无罪)。

　　“Sewol Owol,” Mr. Hong’s painting about the ferry sinking, alludes both to the disaster of theferry, the Sewol, and the Gwangju killings. (“Owol” means May, the month when the massacreoccurred.) Both events hit especially close to home for Mr. Hong, who not only witnessed theGwangju murders, but has lived for years in Ansan, the city where the high school studentswho died aboard the Sewol were from.

　　洪成潭的画作《世越五月》(Sewol Owol)既指沉没的渡轮“世越号”，也指光州大屠杀(Owol的意思是五月，大屠杀就是在五月份发生的)。这两起事件都触到了洪成潭的痛处，他不仅见证了光州大屠杀，而且在安山市生活了很多年——“世越号”渡轮上的高中生就是来自安山市。

　　One of those students, a girl who was in her junior year and who he said came from a poorfamily, worked part-time at his studio to help earn money and pick up skills to pursue herdream of being a painter. “Thirty-four years after the Gwangju massacre, in the Sewoldisaster, I saw another massacre perpetrated by a cartel of crude capitalist businesses,corrupt bureaucrats and an irresponsible and feckless government,” Mr. Hong said, referringto the corporate greed and government corruption that investigators say contributed to thedisaster. “This was state brutality.”

　　其中一名三年级的女生家境贫寒，在洪成潭的工作室里做兼职贴补家用，同时为追求当画家的梦想学习绘画技巧。“在光州大屠杀发生34年后，在‘世越号’沉船灾难中，我看到了另一场屠杀，凶手是野蛮的资本主义公司、腐败的官员和不负责任的政府，”洪成潭说。他指的是公司的贪婪和政府的腐败，调查者说政府的腐败也是这次灾难的原因之一。“这是国家的暴行。”

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