阿里巴巴面临的"敏感商品"难题

2014-10-10 15:37:11来源：可可英语

　　Three factories which advertised Toray T700 high-strength carbon fibre on 1688.com werecontacted by an FT reporter posing as a buyer seeking 4,000kg of the controlled filament –over half the amount seized in Singapore. All said they were willing to sell domestically withoutdocumentation – a violation of end-user certificates. One also expressed willingness tohelp avoid export controls. “[Toray T700 carbon fibre] is harder to import than to export,” saidthe seller, reached by phone in Shandong province. “Japan imposes restrictions on exports, butwhen we export from China, it depends on what we report it as to the customs.” He said “thereshould be no problems” if the material is reported as textile fibre instead of carbon fibre.

　　一名FT记者装做买家，想购买4000公斤东丽T700高强度碳纤维——这一购买量超过了新加坡截获量的一半——并与1688.com网站上推销这种受管制商品的三家厂商取得了联系。三家都表示愿意在没有相关文件的情况下在国内销售该产品——这其实违反了需办理最终用户证明的规定。其中一家还表示愿意帮助买家规避出口管制。这位山东省的卖家在电话中表示：“(东丽T700碳纤维)进口比出口难。日本对这种产品有出口限制，而从中国出口时，就看我们怎么向海关申报了。”他说，只要把产品申报为纺织纤维而不是碳纤维，“就不会有问题”。

　　Other Chinese factories manufacturing dual-use goods advertised on Alibaba.com said exportcontrols were not an issue. Shanghai Cixi Instrument Company and Shanghai Changjin MetalProducts Company, both of which make products controlled by the nuclear suppliers groupregulations, said in interviews that there are no restrictions on the items’ exports by Chinesecustoms.

　　其他在Alibaba.com网站上推销军民两用商品的中国厂商也表示，出口管制根本不成问题。上海瓷熙仪器仪表有限公司(Shanghai Cixi Instrument Company)和上海长进金属制品有限公司(Shanghai ChangjinMetal Products Company)都在生产受到核供应国集团相关规定管制的产品，但他们在访谈中却都表示，中国海关并未对这些产品的出口实施限制。

　　Alibaba is not the only site selling nuclear sensitive items. In May, King’s College researcherswere able to buy a controlled MKS pressure transducer from a distributor in China usingeBay.

　　阿里巴巴并不是唯一销售核敏感物品的网站。今年5月，国王学院的研究人员就通过eBay从一家中国经销商购买了一部MKS压力传感器。

　　Ian Stewart, one of the researchers, said the merchant did not request an end-usercertificate, nor did the merchant have an export licence for the product. Pressure transducerscan be used to control uranium centrifuge enrichment, and thousands are thought to havebeen procured illicitly by Iran’s nuclear programme since the early 2000s.

　　其中的一名研究员伊恩•斯图尔特(Ian Stewart)表示，商家并未要求提供最终用户证明，而且商家也没有该产品的出口许可证。压力传感器可用于控制铀离心浓缩，自本世纪初以来，伊朗核计划据信已非法采购了几千部压力传感器。

　　Some factories that have been targeted by sanctions for procuring and producing nuclear-sensitive materials have listings on Alibaba. Machine Sazi Arak, a company that has beensanctioned by the EU, the US and other countries for its work at Iran’s Arak heavy waterreactor, is listed as a supplier of boilers, heat exchangers and petrochemical equipment.

　　某些因采购、生产核敏感材料而受到制裁的工厂也出现在阿里巴巴网站的卖家名录。曾因在伊朗阿拉克(Arak)重水反应堆的工作而受到欧盟(EU)、美国及其他国家制裁的Machine Sazi Arak公司也在该网站的供应商列表之中，显示为锅炉、热交换设备及石化设备供应商。

　　“When it comes to Alibaba’s responsibility, I think this is a tricky one. It would be very hard forAlibaba to monitor all the interactions that take place on its site,” said Mr Godsey. “However, itwould be reasonable to expect the company to block companies that have been sanctioned bythe UN, the EU, or others for proliferation from using the site to conduct business and procuregoods.”

　　戈德西表示：“说到阿里巴巴的责任，我认为这是个很棘手的问题。阿里巴巴很难监控其网站上的所有交易。不过，对于那些因为核扩散活动受到联合国、欧盟或其他方面制裁的企业，阿里巴巴理应禁止它们利用其网站开展业务和采购商品。”

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