政府报告白皮书中英文翻译：《中国与世界贸易组织》

　　Promoting plurilateral trade liberalization. As a developing country, China has actively participated in plurilateral liberalization initiatives and made important contributions to relevant talks. It accepted the Information Technology Agreement (ITA) upon accession, subsequently participated in the negotiations to expand its coverage, and encouraged relevant parties to reach agreement on eliminating tariffs of 201 information technology products. As one of the initiators of the negotiations on the Environment Goods Agreement, China always participated in relevant discussions in a constructive manner, and contributed to the important consensus reached at the G20 Summit in Hangzhou. In 2007, China started the negotiation on its accession to the Agreement on Government Procurement and has been making great efforts ever since.

　　有力促进世贸组织新议题讨论。中国推动世贸组织积极回应投资便利化、中小微企业、电子商务等世贸组织成员普遍关注的新议题并开展相关讨论。发起成立“投资便利化之友”，引导70多个成员达成《关于投资便利化的部长联合声明》。加入“中小微企业之友”，推介中国在世贸组织相关提案中关于支持中小微企业的内容。加入“电子商务发展之友”，积极推动世贸组织电子商务议题多边讨论，分享经验做法，帮助发展中成员从发展电子商务中受益。

　　Mobilizing support for discussing new issues in the WTO. China has encouraged the WTO to respond to and discuss new topics of general interest to the members such as investment facilitation, micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), and e-commerce. China initiated “Friends of Investment Facilitation for Development (FIFD)” and sponsored the Joint Ministerial Statement on Investment Facilitation for Development signed by over 70 members. China joined the “Friends of Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises”, and shared with other members its proposals that support MSMEs. As an advocate of multilateral discussions on e-commerce in the WTO, China joined “Friends of E-commerce for Development (FED)”, shared its experiences and helped other developing members benefit from e-commerce.

　　切实履行《贸易便利化协定》。作为发展中成员，中国积极推动实施《贸易便利化协定》。中国组建了国家贸易便利化委员会，各有关部门通力协作，提高贸易便利化水平。截至2017年，各省(自治区、直辖市)已经建立了贸易便利化工作联席会议制度，积极做好本地区贸易便利化相关工作。在履行该协定方面，中国的A类措施(协定生效后立即实施)所占比重达到94.5%，目前仅保留4项B类措施(协定生效后经过一定过渡期后实施)。中国将严格履行承诺，在3年过渡期后如期实施B类措施。

　　Faithfully implementing the Trade Facilitation Agreement. As a developing member, China has actively promoted the implementation of TFA. It has set up the National Committee on Trade Facilitation to coordinate the efforts of relevant government agencies to enhance trade facilitation. By 2017, China’s provinces (as well as autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) had all established a joint committee mechanism for trade facilitation in their respective jurisdictions. Regarding China’s TFA commitments, 94.5 percent of all commitments fall into Category A (immediately implemented upon entry into force of the TFA), and only four items belong to Category B (implemented after a transitional period following the TFA’s entry into force). China will honor its promise and implement all the Category B measures following a transitional period of three years after entry into force of the Agreement.

　　(二)有效维护争端解决机制法律地位

　　2. Safeguarding the dispute settlement mechanism

　　积极维护争端解决机制有效运转。世贸组织争端解决机制为保障国际贸易可预见性、维护多边贸易体制稳定发挥了重要作用。中国积极参与改进争端解决程序的谈判，支持世贸组织上诉机构独立公正开展上诉审议工作。针对当前个别世贸组织成员阻挠上诉机构成员遴选，中国与60多个成员联署提案，努力推动尽快启动遴选程序。

　　Safeguarding the effective operation of the dispute settlement mechanism. The WTO dispute settlement mechanism has played a vital role in maintaining the predictability of international trade and the stability of the multilateral trading system. China has actively participated in the negotiations on improving the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes and supports the independence and impartiality of the WTO Appellate Body. Despite the attempt of certain WTO member to obstruct the appointment of members of the Appellate Body, China joined more than 60 members in submitting a proposal on starting the selection process at the earliest possible date.

　　妥善处理与其他成员的贸易纠纷。中国主张通过世贸组织争端解决机制妥善解决贸易争端。按照事项统计，截至2018年4月，中国在世贸组织起诉案件17项，已结案8项;被诉案件27项，已结案23项。中国通过主动起诉，遏制了少数世贸组织成员的不公正做法，维护了自身贸易利益和世贸规则权威。中国积极应对被诉案件，尊重并认真执行世贸组织裁决，作出了符合世贸规则的调整，无一例被起诉方申请报复的情况。

　　Properly handling trade disputes with other WTO members. China supports WTO members to solve their trade disputes within the WTO dispute settlement mechanism. By April 2018, China had brought 17 disputes to the WTO, of which 8 had been concluded. Meanwhile, China had been complained against in 27 disputes, of which 23 had been concluded. By lodging complaints in the WTO, China redressed other members’ violation of obligations under the covered agreements, and defended its own trade interests as well as the authority of WTO rules. China also actively defended the cases against it, respected the WTO rulings, and made adjustments to its measures according to WTO rules. Up to now, none of the complainants has requested for retaliation against China.

　　(三)深度参与贸易政策审议

　　3. Fully participating in trade policy review

　　认真接受成员的贸易政策监督。世贸组织贸易政策审议机制有助于增加多边贸易体制的透明度。中国高度重视贸易政策审议，已接受世贸组织六次审议，并正在积极准备即将于2018年7月进行的世贸组织对中国的第七次贸易政策审议。中国始终以开放坦诚的姿态，介绍宏观经济和贸易投资政策发展情况，听取其他成员对中国改革开放的意见和建议。世贸组织成员赞赏中国参与审议的态度，认为中国履约、合规、开放的良好形象为发挥审议机制作用树立了典范。

　　Attaching great importance to trade policy monitoring by other WTO members. The WTO trade policy review (TPR) mechanism is effective in enhancing the transparency of the multilateral trading system. China places great emphasis on the TPR process. Having undergone six TPRs on itself, China is preparing for the seventh one in July 2018. In an open and frank manner, China has briefed the WTO membership on its macro-economic, trade and investment policies, and listened attentively to their comments and suggestions on China’s reform and opening-up. Other WTO members applaud China’s active participation and regard China as an impressive example in reinforcing the role of TPR in monitoring commitments, ensuring compliance and enhancing openness.

　　敦促其他成员遵守多边贸易协定。加入世贸组织以来，中国参与世贸组织对其他成员审议近300次，向被审议成员提交书面问题和贸易关注数千项，敦促其他成员遵守世贸组织规则和有关承诺，为维护和强化审议机制功能发挥了积极作用。

　　Urging other WTO members to abide by multilateral trade agreements. Since its accession to the WTO, China has participated in nearly 300 TPRs on other members. It raised thousands of written questions and trade concerns to the members under review, urged them to abide by the WTO rules and their commitments, and played a positive role in safeguarding and strengthening the TPR mechanism.

　　(四)全力支持发展中国家融入多边贸易体制

　　4. Vigorously supporting the integration of developing members into the multilateral trading system

　　支持世贸组织将发展作为工作重心。确保发展中国家尤其是最不发达国家从国际贸易中获益，进而实现经济增长是世贸组织宗旨之一。作为世界上最大的发展中国家，中国对发展中成员在参与全球价值链分工、参与国际经贸治理等方面面临的困难表示关切，努力推动贸易为实现2030年可持续发展议程作出积极贡献。

　　Supporting the WTO to focus on development. An important objective of the WTO is to ensure that developing members, especially least-developed country members, benefit from international trade and boost their economic growth. As the largest developing country, China understands the difficulties of developing members to benefit from the global value chains and participate in international economic and trade governance. China worked hard to make trade an enabler of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

　　向其他发展中成员提供务实有效的支持。加大对发展中成员特别是最不发达国家成员援助力度，促进缩小南北发展差距。截至2018年3月，已对36个建交且已完成换文手续的最不发达国家97%税目产品实施零关税。积极响应世贸组织“促贸援助”倡议，利用多双边援助资源帮助其他发展中成员特别是最不发达国家成员加强基础设施建设、培训经贸人员、提高生产能力、发展贸易投资。向世贸组织“贸易便利化协定基金”捐款100万美元，协助落实《贸易便利化协定》。2011年，中国设立“最不发达国家及加入世贸组织中国项目”，已帮助6个最不发达国家加入世贸组织。2017年起，中国在南南合作援助基金项下与世贸组织等国际组织加强合作，在“促贸援助”领域实施合作项目，帮助其他发展中成员提高从全球价值链中获益的能力。

　　Providing pragmatic and effective support to other developing members. China has reinforced its aid to other developing members, especially least-developed country members, to bridge the South-North development gap. By March 2018, it had accorded zero tariff treatment on 97 percent of all tariff lines to 36 least-developed countries (LDCs) that have diplomatic relations with China and completed exchange of notes. Responding to the “Aid for Trade” initiative, China has contributed multilateral and bilateral resources to help other developing members, especially least-developed country members, with infrastructure construction, professionals training, productivity improvement, as well as trade and investment development. It has donated USD1 million to the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement Facility to assist the implementation of the TFA. The LDCs and Accessions Program, established by China in 2011, has helped six LDCs accede to the WTO. Since 2017, China has strengthened cooperation with the WTO and other international organizations under the South-South Cooperation Assistance Fund, and carried out cooperative projects in “Aid for Trade” to help other developing members benefit from global value chains.

　　(五)坚决反对单边主义和保护主义

　　5. Firmly opposing unilateralism and protectionism

　　单边主义和保护主义与世贸组织基本原则背道而驰。多边贸易体制是顺应世界经济发展的历史选择。世贸组织倡导以规则为基础，秉持开放、透明、包容、非歧视等基本原则，其解决全球贸易问题主渠道的地位不会改变。中国旗帜鲜明反对单边主义和保护主义。搞单边主义不符合市场规律，不符合国际规则，最终必然损人害己。搞保护主义如同把自己关进黑屋子，看似躲过了风吹雨打，但也隔绝了阳光和空气。只有坚持平等协商、携手合作，才能实现共赢、多赢。

　　Unilateralism and protectionism run counter to the fundamental principles of the WTO. The multilateral trading system is a historic choice that follows the trend of global economic development. The WTO advocates the principles of rules, openness, transparency, inclusiveness and non-discrimination, and it will remain the main channel to address global trade issues. China explicitly opposes unilateralism and protectionism. Unilateralism goes against the law of the market and international rules, causes injury to others but ends up defeating oneself. Pursuing protectionism is like locking oneself in a dark room. While wind and rain may be kept outside, that dark room will also block light and air. Only through equal consultation and joint efforts can win-win results be achieved for all.

　　利用多边合作平台倡导自由贸易。中国倡导通过加强合作、平等对话和协商谈判来解决国际贸易中的问题。中国主办亚太经合组织第二十二次领导人非正式会议、二十国集团领导人杭州峰会、金砖国家领导人第九次会晤期间，加强与各方协调，推动将反对贸易保护主义写入会议成果文件。中国领导人出席“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛、博鳌亚洲论坛、世界经济论坛等多边会议期间，多次阐明支持多边贸易体制、推动建设开放型世界经济的坚定立场。在世贸组织内中国积极倡议，与多数成员发出反对单边主义和保护主义的共同声音。

　　Pursuing free trade through platforms for multilateral cooperation. China advocates solving international trade problems through cooperation, dialogue and consultation on an equal footing. During the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting, the G20 Hangzhou Summit, and the BRICS Xiamen Summit, all hosted by China, the country increased coordination with all parties concerned, and secured statements on opposing trade protectionism in the outcome documents of these summits. When attending the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, the Boao Forum for Asia, and the World Economic Forum, Chinese leaders repeatedly expressed their firm support for the multilateral trading system and an open world economy. In the WTO, the vast majority of members echoed China’s opposition to unilateralism and protectionism.

　　三、中国加入世贸组织后对世界作出重要贡献

　　III. China’s Significant Contribution to the World After Accession to the WTO

　　中国坚定不移奉行互利共赢的对外开放战略，遵循世贸组织自由贸易理念，在对外开放中展现大国担当。从加入世贸组织到共建“一带一路”，中国开放胸襟、拥抱世界，为促进世界经济贸易发展、增加全球民众福祉作出了重大贡献，成为世界经济的主要稳定器和动力源。

　　China steadfastly pursues a mutually beneficial opening-up strategy, upholds the WTO’s principle of free trade, and has lived up to its responsibilities as a major country in the process of opening-up. From its WTO accession in 2001 to the Belt and Road Initiative in 2013, China has embraced the world with open arms, made a significant contribution to promoting international trade and increasing global wellbeing, and become a key anchor and driver for the world economy.