政府报告白皮书中英文翻译：《2016中国的航天》

　　China will enhance its existing space TT&C systems. It aims to build and operate a second-generation relay satellite system, raise the accuracy of the orbit determination process for spacecraft, improve its TT&C capabilities in managing in-orbit spacecraft, and strengthen integrated and efficient utilization of TT&C resources, to build a space-ground integrated TT&C network featuring security, reliability, quick response, flexible access, efficient operation and diverse services. It plans to explore the development of commercial TT&C systems, seek new service modes, and intensify international cooperation and networking in the field of TT&C, forming a new TT&C service pattern marked by openness and sharing.

　　(八)空间应用

　　Space applications

　　健全空间应用服务体系，面向行业、区域和公众服务，大力拓展空间信息综合应用，加强科技成果转化和市场推广，提高空间应用规模化、业务化、产业化水平，服务国家安全、国民经济和社会发展。

　　China will improve its space application service system oriented toward industries, regions and the public, expand integrated application of space information, and improve the application and marketing of scientific and technological results. Consequently, the scale, operational standards and industrialization level of space applications will be raised to serve national security and national economic and social development.

　　1、行业应用。围绕全球测绘地理信息资源获取、资源开发与环境保护、海洋开发管理与权益维护、防灾减灾与应急反应、全球气候变化治理、粮食安全、社会管理与公共服务等需求，强化空间基础设施综合应用，提供及时、准确、稳定的空间信息服务，提升业务化服务能力。

　　(1) Industrial applications. In view of the need for global land surveying and geographic information acquisition, resource development and environmental protection, maritime development and management, and the protection of related rights and interests, natural disaster prevention and reduction and emergency response, global climate change control, food security, social management and public services, China plans to consolidate the integrated application of space infrastructure, and enhance its ability to provide timely, accurate and steady services.

　　2、区域应用。面向区域城市规划、建设、运行管理和社会服务需求，开展新型城镇化布局、“智慧城市”“智慧交通”等卫星综合应用，服务东、中、西、东北地区协调发展、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带建设，以及其他区域经济社会发展。加强与国家精准扶贫、精准脱贫工作的衔接，针对“老少边穷”地区和海岛等开展空间信息服务。

　　(2) Regional applications. In view of the need for regional urban planning, construction, operation management and social services, China will develop comprehensive satellite applications, such as new urbanization layout, and smart towns and smart transport applications, to serve the coordinated development of the eastern, central, western, northeastern parts of the country, collaborated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, building of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and economic and social development of other regions in China. In addition, China will intensify its services oriented toward the nationally targeted poverty alleviation and eradication, and operate space information services targeting old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minorities regions, frontier areas, poverty-stricken areas and islands in the sea.

　　3、公众服务。面向智慧旅游、广播电视、远程教育、远程医疗、文化传播等大众信息消费与服务领域，开发卫星应用智能终端、可穿戴电子设备等，加强空间信息融合应用，大力推进空间应用产业化发展，培育新的经济增长点。

　　(3) Public services. Aiming at public information consumption and services, including smart tourism, broadcasting and TV, distance learning, telemedicine, and cultural communication, China is determined to develop smart terminals of satellite applications and wearable electronics, improve space information fusion applications, and advance the industrialization of space applications, fostering new growth points for the national economy.

　　(九)空间科学

　　Space science

　　面向重大科技前沿，遴选并启动实施一批新的空间科学卫星项目，建立可持续发展的空间科学卫星系列，加强基础应用研究，在空间科学前沿领域取得重大发现和突破，深化人类对宇宙的认知。

　　Targeting major frontier areas of space science and technology, China will implement a series of new space science satellite programs, establish a series of space science satellites featuring sustainable development, and reinforce basic application research. Major discoveries and breakthroughs are expected in the frontier areas of space science to further mankind’s knowledge of the universe.

　　1、空间天文与空间物理。利用暗物质粒子探测卫星，探测宇宙高能电子及高能伽马射线，探寻暗物质存在的证据。发射硬X射线调制望远镜，研究致密天体和黑洞强引力场中物质动力学和高能辐射过程。综合利用相关资源，开展太阳风与磁层大尺度结构和相互作用模式、磁层亚暴变化过程响应等研究。

　　(1) Space astronomy and space physics. China will seek evidence of the existence of dark matter by using dark matter particle exploration satellites to detect high-energy electrons and high-energy gamma rays in the universe. It plans to launch a hard X-ray modulation telescope to study the matter dynamics and high-energy radiation processes in the strong gravitational field of compact celestial bodies and black holes. Relevant resources will be brought into play for research into large-scale structure and interaction models of solar wind and the magnetosphere, and response to magnetospheric substorm change process.

　　2、空间环境下的科学实验。利用“实践十号”返回式科学实验卫星、“嫦娥”探测器、“神舟”系列飞船、“天宫二号”空间实验室、“天舟一号”货运飞船等平台，开展空间环境下的生物、生命、医学、材料等方面的科学实验和研究。

　　(2) Scientific experiments in space. The Shijian-10 recoverable satellite, Chang’e probes, Shenzhou spacecraft, Tiangong-2 space laboratory and Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft are to be used to implement scientific experiments and research in biology, life sciences, medicine and materials in the space environment.

　　3、量子科学空间实验。利用量子科学实验卫星，开展空间尺度上的量子密钥传输、量子纠缠分发及量子隐形传态等量子科学实验和研究。

　　(3) Quantum experiments in space. Quantum experiment satellites are to be used to conduct experiments and research in the fields of quantum key transmission, quantum entanglement distribution, and quantum teleportation.

　　4、基础理论及科学应用研究。开展日地空间环境、空间天气、太阳活动及其对空间天气影响等领域基础研究。开展空间科学交叉学科研究。发展基于X射线属性特征、高能电子和伽马射线能量与空间分布、空间物理环境、地外天体、地球电磁场及电离层等科学探测数据综合分析技术，促进空间科学成果转化。

　　(4) Basic and applied research. China will carry out basic research into sun-earth space environment, space climate, and solar activity and its impact on space climate, and implement space-related interdisciplinary research as well. Comprehensive techniques will be developed for analyzing data from space observations on the properties of X-rays, the energy spectrum and spatial distribution of high-energy electrons and high-energy gamma rays, space physics, extraterrestrial celestial bodies, and the earth’s electromagnetic field and ionosphere, to promote the application of space research findings.

　　(十)空间环境

　　Space environment

　　完善空间碎片、近地小天体和空间天气相关标准规范体系。建立完善空间碎片基础数据库和共享数据模型，统筹推进空间碎片监测设施、预警应急平台、网络服务系统建设，强化资源综合利用。进一步加强航天器防护能力。完善空间环境监测系统，构建预警预报平台，提升空间环境监测及灾害预警能力。论证建设近地小天体监测设施，提升近地小天体监测和编目能力。

　　China will improve the standardization system for space debris, near-earth objects and space climate. It will enhance the space debris basic database and data-sharing model, and advance the development of space debris monitoring facilities, the early warning and emergency response platform and the online service system, through reinforcing integrated utilization of resources. The protection systems of spacecraft will be further strengthened. Furthermore, efforts will be made to improve the space environment monitoring system and to build a disaster early warning and prediction platform to raise our preventative capability. It will conduct studies on the building of facilities for monitoring near-earth objects, and put the plan into operation to elevate our capability to monitor and catalog such objects.

　　四、发展政策与措施

　　IV. Policies and Measures for Development

　　中国政府积极制定实施发展航天事业的政策与措施，提供有力政策保障，营造良好发展环境，推动航天事业持续健康快速发展。

　　The Chinese government has formulated policies and measures to support the space industry and create favorable conditions for its sustainable, sound and rapid development.

　　中国国家航天局是中华人民共和国负责民用航天管理及国际空间合作的政府机构，履行政府相应的管理职责。

　　The China National Space Administration is the government agency in charge of China’s civil space activities and international space cooperation, and performs corresponding functions of administration.

　　(一)科学部署各项航天活动

　　Space activities rationally arranged

　　优先安排空间基础设施建设及应用，积极支持空间探索和空间科学研究，持续提升进入和利用空间能力，不断增强空间安全保障能力。

　　Priority is given to the construction and application of space infrastructure, alongside support for space exploration and space science research, in China’s ongoing efforts to expand its capacity to enter and utilize space and enhance guarantee for space security.

　　(二)大幅提升航天创新能力

　　Space innovation greatly enhanced

　　实施一批航天重大工程和重大科技项目，推动航天科技跨越发展，带动国家科技整体跃升。

　　A number of major projects and scientific and technological programs have been implemented to promote significant progress of space science and technology, and enhance the overall level of China’s science and technology.

　　明确各类创新主体功能定位，建立政产学研用一体的航天协同创新体系，构建航天技术创新联盟和产业创新联盟，围绕产业链打造创新链。

　　The roles of various players are clearly defined in the formation of a framework of innovation featuring the coordinated efforts of the government, enterprises, universities, research institutions and consumers, and the creation of technical and industrial innovation partnerships, so as to shape a chain of innovation to match the overall industrial chain.

　　推动建设航天领域研究基地(平台)，超前部署战略性、基础性、前瞻性科学研究和技术攻关，大幅提升原始创新能力，打造国家科技创新高地。

　　Efforts are being made to build a space research base and plan in advance strategic, fundamental and forward-looking research projects to tackle key technical problems, so as to substantially increase China’s capacity for original innovation and create a state-of-art platform in this field.

　　加强航天技术二次开发，推动航天科技成果转化应用，辐射带动国民经济发展。

　　The customization development of space technologies has been enhanced to put research findings into industrial production and lead national economic development.

　　(三)全面推动航天工业能力转型升级

　　Space industry capacity transformed and upgraded

　　构建基于系统集成商、专业承包商、市场供应商和公共服务机构，根植于国民经济、融合开放的航天科研生产组织体系。

　　Efforts are constantly being made to build an integrated and open system comprising system integrators, specialized contractors, market suppliers and public service providers, based on the national economy and covering all links from scientific research to production.

　　实施强基工程，突破关键材料、核心零部件、先进工艺等基础瓶颈，强化标准、计量等体系建设。