政府报告白皮书中英文翻译：《2021中国的航天》

　　(三)载人航天

　　3. Manned Spaceflight

　　“天舟一号”货运飞船成功发射并与“天宫二号”空间实验室成功交会对接，突破并掌握货物运输、推进剂在轨补加等关键技术，载人航天工程第二步圆满收官。“天和”核心舱成功发射，标志着中国空间站建造进入全面实施阶段。“天舟二号”“天舟三号”货运飞船和“神舟十二号”“神舟十三号”载人飞船成功发射，先后与“天和”核心舱快速对接，形成空间站组合体并稳定运行，6名航天员先后进驻中国空间站，实施出舱活动、舱外操作、在轨维护、科学实验等任务。

　　The Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft has docked with the earth-orbiting Tiangong-2 space laboratory. With breakthroughs in key technologies for cargo transport and in-orbit propellant replenishment, China has successfully completed the second phase of its manned spaceflight project.

　　The launch of the Tianhe core module marks a solid step in building China’s space station. The Tianzhou-2 and Tianzhou-3 cargo spacecraft and the Shenzhou-12 and Shenzhou-13 manned spacecraft, together with the Tianhe core module to which they have docked, form an assembly in steady operation. Six astronauts have worked in China’s space station, performing extravehicular activities, in-orbit maintenance, and scientific experiments.

　　未来五年，中国将继续实施载人航天工程，发射“问天”实验舱、“梦天”实验舱、“巡天”空间望远镜以及“神舟”载人飞船和“天舟”货运飞船，全面建成并运营中国空间站，打造国家太空实验室，开展航天员长期驻留、大规模空间科学实验、空间站平台维护等工作。深化载人登月方案论证，组织开展关键技术攻关，研制新一代载人飞船，夯实载人探索开发地月空间基础。

　　In the next five years, China will continue to implement its manned spaceflight project. It plans to:

　　Launch the Wentian and Mengtian experimental modules, the Xuntian space telescope, the Shenzhou manned spacecraft, and the Tianzhou cargo spacecraft;

　　Complete China’s space station and continue operations, build a space laboratory on board, and have astronauts on long-term assignments performing large-scale scientific experiments and maintenance;

　　Continue studies and research on the plan for a human lunar landing, develop new-generation manned spacecraft, and research key technologies to lay a foundation for exploring and developing cislunar space.

　　(四)深空探测

　　4. Deep Space Exploration

　　月球探测工程。“嫦娥四号”探测器通过“鹊桥”卫星中继通信，首次实现航天器在月球背面软着陆和巡视勘察。“嫦娥五号”探测器实现中国首次地外天体采样返回，将1731克月球样品成功带回地球，标志着探月工程“绕、落、回”三步走圆满收官。

　　(1) Lunar exploration

　　Achieving relay communications through the Queqiao satellite, the Chang’e-4 lunar probe performed humanity’s first soft landing on the far side of the moon, and conducted roving exploration. The Chang’e-5 lunar probe brought back 1,731 g of samples from the moon, marking China’s first successful extraterrestrial sampling and return, and the completion of its three-step lunar exploration program of orbiting, landing and return.

　　行星探测工程。“天问一号”火星探测器成功发射，实现火星环绕、着陆，“祝融号”火星车开展巡视探测，在火星上首次留下中国人的印迹，中国航天实现从地月系到行星际探测的跨越。

　　(2) Planetary exploration

　　The Tianwen-1 Mars probe orbited and landed on Mars; the Zhurong Mars rover explored the planet and left China’s first mark there. China has achieved a leap from cislunar to interplanetary exploration.

　　未来五年，中国将继续实施月球探测工程，发射“嫦娥六号”探测器、完成月球极区采样返回，发射“嫦娥七号”探测器、完成月球极区高精度着陆和阴影坑飞跃探测，完成“嫦娥八号”任务关键技术攻关，与相关国家、国际组织和国际合作伙伴共同开展国际月球科研站建设。继续实施行星探测工程，发射小行星探测器、完成近地小行星采样和主带彗星探测，完成火星采样返回、木星系探测等关键技术攻关。论证太阳系边际探测等实施方案。

　　In the next five years, China will continue with lunar and planetary exploration. It will:

　　Launch the Chang’e-6 lunar probe to collect and bring back samples from the polar regions of the moon;

　　Launch the Chang’e-7 lunar probe to perform a precise landing in the moon’s polar regions and a hopping detection in lunar shadowed area;

　　Complete R&D on the key technology of Chang’e-8, and work with other countries, international organizations and partners to build an international research station on the moon;

　　Launch asteroid probes to sample near-earth asteroids and probe main-belt comets;

　　Complete key technological research on Mars sampling and return, exploration of the Jupiter system, and so forth;

　　Study plans for boundary exploration of the solar system.

　　(五)发射场与测控

　　5. Space Launch Sites and Telemetry, Tracking and Command (TT&C)

　　航天发射场。酒泉、太原、西昌发射场适应性改造全面完成，酒泉发射场新增液体火箭商业发射工位，文昌航天发射场进入业务化应用阶段，基本建成沿海内陆相结合、高低纬度相结合、各种射向范围相结合的航天发射格局，能够满足载人飞船、空间站舱段、深空探测器及各类卫星的多样化发射需求。海上发射平台投入使用，填补了中国海上发射火箭的空白。

　　(1) Space launch sites

　　Adaptive improvements have been completed at the Jiuquan, Taiyuan and Xichang launch sites, with new launch pads installed at Jiuquan for the commercial launch of liquid fuel rockets, and the Wenchang Launch Site entering service. China has formed a launch site network covering both coastal and inland areas, high and low altitudes, and various trajectories to satisfy the launch needs of manned spaceships, space station modules, deep space probes and all kinds of satellites. In addition, its first sea launch site has begun operation.

　　航天测控。测控通信能力实现由地月空间向行星际空间跨越，天基测控能力持续增强，国家航天测控网布局进一步优化，形成安全可靠、响应迅速、接入灵活、运行高效、服务广泛的天地一体化航天测控体系，圆满完成“神舟”“天舟”系列飞船、“天和”核心舱、“嫦娥”系列月球探测器、“天问一号”火星探测器等为代表的航天测控任务。商业卫星测控站网加快发展。

　　(2) Space TT&C

　　China’s leap from cislunar to interplanetary TT&C communications, with growing space-based TT&C capacity, represents a significant progress. Its space TT&C network has improved to form an integrated space-ground TT&C network providing security, reliability, quick response, flexible access, efficient operation and diverse services. TT&C missions of the Shenzhou and Tianzhou spacecraft series, Tianhe core module, Chang’e lunar probe series, and Tianwen-1 Mars probe have been completed successfully. TT&C station networks for commercial satellites are growing quickly.

　　未来五年，中国将在强化航天产品统一技术体制的基础上，进一步完善现有航天发射场系统，统筹开展发射场通用化、集约化、智能化建设，增强发射场系统任务适应性和可靠性，提升高密度、多样化发射任务支撑能力。建设商业发射工位和商业航天发射场，满足各类商业发射需求。持续完善现有航天测控系统，优化组织模式，创新测控技术和手段，强化天地基测控资源融合运用能力，推动构建全域覆盖、泛在互联的航天测控体系，统筹实施国家太空系统运行管理，提高管理和使用效益。建强深空测控通信网，保障月球、火星等深空探测任务实施。

　　In the next five years, China will strengthen unified technical standard-setting for its space products, and on this basis will:

　　Further adapt the existing launch site system to better serve most launch missions, and make launch sites smarter, more reliable and more cost-effective to support high-intensity and diversified launch missions;

　　Build commercial launch pads and launch sites to meet different commercial launch needs;

　　Improve the space TT&C network in terms of organization, technology and methodology, grow the capacity to utilize and integrate space- and ground-based TT&C resources, and build a space TT&C network providing ubiquitous coverage and connections;

　　Coordinate the operation and management of the national space system for greater efficiency;

　　Strengthen the deep-space TT&C communications network to support missions probing the moon and Mars.

　　(六)新技术试验

　　6. Experiments on New Technologies

　　成功发射多颗新技术试验卫星，开展新一代通信卫星公用平台、甚高通量通信载荷、Ka频段宽带通信、星地高速激光通信、新型电推进等技术试验验证。

　　China has launched a number of new technological test satellites, and tested new technologies such as the common platforms of new-generation communications satellites, very high throughput satellites’ telecommunication payload, Ka-band communications, satellite-ground high-speed laser communications, and new electric propulsion.

　　未来五年，中国将面向新技术工程化应用，开展航天器智能自主管理、空间扩展飞行器、新型空间动力、航天器在轨服务与维护、空间碎片清除等新技术验证，以及航天领域新材料、新器件、新工艺在轨试验验证，提升技术成熟度和工程应用能力。

　　In the next five years, China will focus on new technology engineering and application, conduct in-orbit tests of new space materials, devices and techniques, and test new technologies in these areas:

　　Smart self-management of spacecraft;

　　Space mission extension vehicle;

　　Innovative space propulsion;

　　In-orbit service and maintenance of spacecraft;

　　Space debris cleaning.

　　(七)空间环境治理

　　7. Space Environment Governance

　　空间碎片监测网络初具规模，基础数据库不断完善，碰撞预警和空间事件感知应对能力逐步提升，有力保障在轨航天器运行安全。落实国际空间碎片减缓准则、外空活动长期可持续准则，全面实施运载火箭末级钝化，成功实施“天宫二号”等航天器任务末期主动离轨，为空间碎片减缓作出积极贡献。近地小天体搜索跟踪和数据分析研究取得积极进展。初步建成空间天气保障业务体系，具备监测、预警和预报能力，应用服务效益不断拓展。

　　With a growing database, China’s space debris monitoring system is becoming more capable of collision warning and space event perception and response, effectively ensuring the safety of in-orbit spacecraft.

　　In compliance with the Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines and the Guidelines for the Long-term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities, China has applied upper stage passivation to all its carrier rockets, and completed end of life active deorbit of the Tiangong-2 and other spacecraft, making a positive contribution to mitigating space debris.

　　Progress has been made in the search and tracking of near-earth objects and in data analysis. A basic space climate service system is now in place, capable of providing services in space climate monitoring, early warning, and forecasting, and is providing broader applications.

　　未来五年，中国将统筹推进空间环境治理体系建设。加强太空交通管理，建设完善空间碎片监测设施体系、编目数据库和预警服务系统，统筹做好航天器在轨维护、碰撞规避控制、空间碎片减缓等工作，确保太空系统安全稳定有序运行。全面加强防护力量建设，提高容灾备份、抗毁生存、信息防护能力，维护国家太空活动、资产和其他利益的安全。论证建设近地小天体防御系统，提升监测、编目、预警和应对处置能力。建设天地结合的空间天气监测系统，持续完善业务保障体系，有效应对灾害性空间天气事件。

　　In the next five years, China will continue to expand its space environment governance system. It will:

　　Strengthen space traffic control;

　　Improve its space debris monitoring system, cataloguing database, and early warning services;

　　Conduct in-orbit maintenance of spacecraft, collision avoidance and control, and space debris mitigation, to ensure the safe, stable and orderly operation of the space system;

　　Strengthen the protection of its space activities, assets and other interests by boosting capacity in disaster backup and information protection, and increasing invulnerability and survivability;

　　Study plans for building a near-earth object defense system, and increase the capacity of near-earth object monitoring, cataloguing, early warning, and response;

　　Build an integrated space-ground space climate monitoring system, and continue to improve relevant services to effectively respond to catastrophic space climate events.

　　三、培育壮大空间应用产业

　　III. Developing and Expanding Space Application Industry

　　中国航天面向经济社会发展重大需求，加强卫星公益服务和商业应用，加速航天技术成果转移转化，推动空间应用产业发展，提升航天发展效益效能。

　　To serve the economy and society, China has promoted public and commercial application of its satellites and space technology, growing the industry towards greater efficiency.

　　(一)卫星公益服务

　　1. Boosting Public Services with Satellites

　　卫星应用业务服务能力显著增强，在资源环境与生态保护、防灾减灾与应急管理、气象预报与气候变化应对、社会管理与公共服务、城镇化建设与区域协调发展、脱贫攻坚等方面发挥重要作用，航天创造更加美好生活。卫星遥感基本实现了国家和省级政府部门业务化应用，对100余次国内重特大自然灾害开展应急监测，为国内数万家各类用户和全球100多个国家提供服务，累计分发数据超亿景。卫星通信广播累计为国内农村及边远地区的1.4亿多户家庭提供直播卫星电视服务、500多个手机通信基站提供数据回传，在四川凉山特大森林火灾、河南郑州特大暴雨等灾害救援中提供高效应急通信服务。北斗导航为超过700万辆道路运营车辆提供安全保障服务，为超过4万艘海洋渔船提供定位和短报文通信服务，为新冠肺炎疫情防控物资运输、人员流动管理、医院建设等提供精准位置服务。

　　The service capacity of satellite applications has markedly improved. The significant role of satellites is seen in the protection of resources and the eco-environment, disaster prevention and mitigation, management of emergencies, weather forecasting and climate change response, and also felt in social management and public services, urbanization, coordinated regional development, and poverty eradication. The space industry helps to improve people’s lives.

　　The satellite remote-sensing system has been used by almost all departments at national and provincial levels to conduct emergency monitoring of over 100 major and catastrophic natural disasters around the country. It provides services to tens of thousands of domestic users and over 100 countries, having distributed over 100 million scenes of data.

　　The communications and broadcasting satellite network has made direct services available to over 140 million households in China’s rural and remote areas, provided returned data for over 500 mobile phone base stations, and ensured efficient emergency communications during the responses to the forest fire in Liangshan, Sichuan province, to the heavy rainstorm in Zhengzhou, Henan province and to other major disaster relief work.

　　The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System has guaranteed the safety of over seven million operating vehicles, provided positioning and short message communication services to over 40,000 seagoing fishing vessels, and offered precise positioning services for the freighting of supplies and tracking of individual movement for Covid-19 control, and for hospital construction.

　　未来五年，围绕平安中国、健康中国、美丽中国、数字中国建设，强化卫星应用与行业区域发展深度融合，强化空间信息与大数据、物联网等新一代信息技术深度融合，深化陆地、海洋、气象遥感卫星数据综合应用，推进北斗导航+卫星通信+地面通信网络融合应用基础设施建设，加快提升精细化精准化业务化服务能力，更好服务支撑碳达峰与碳中和、乡村振兴、新型城镇化、区域协调发展和生态文明建设。

　　In the next five years, under the overarching goal of building a safe, healthy, beautiful and digital China, we will intensify the integration of satellite application with the development of industries and regions, and space information with new-generation information technology such as big data and Internet of Things. We will also extend the integrated application of remote-sensing satellite data on land, ocean and meteorology, advance the construction of infrastructure for integrated application of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, satellite communications, and the ground communications network, and improve our capacity to tailor and refine professional services. All these efforts will help to achieve the goals of peaking carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality, to revitalize rural areas, and to realize new-type urbanization, coordinated development between regions and eco-environmental progress.

　　(二)空间应用产业

　　2. Space Application Industry

　　卫星应用商业化发展方兴未艾，面向政府、企业和个人的应用市场持续扩大，涌现出一批具有较强竞争力的商业航天企业，产业化规模化发展格局初步形成。卫星遥感高精地图、全维影像、数据加工、应用软件等产品和服务更好满足了不同用户特色需求，广泛应用于大众出行、电子商务、农产品交易、灾害损失评估与保险理赔、不动产登记等领域。卫星通信广播商业服务能力进一步提升，实现国内4个4K超高清频道上星和100多套节目高清化，为远洋船舶、民航客机提供互联网接入服务，“天通一号”卫星移动通信系统实现商业化运营。卫星导航产业快速发展，北斗兼容型芯片模块销量超过亿级规模，北斗应用广泛进入大众消费、共享经济和民生领域。航天技术成果加速赋能传统产业转型升级，助推新能源、新材料、绿色环保等新兴产业和智慧城市、智慧农业、无人驾驶等新业态发展，为建设科技强国、制造强国、网络强国、交通强国作出重要贡献。

　　The commercial use of satellite technology is thriving, which expands the applications market for governments, enterprises and individuals. A group of competitive commercial space enterprises are emerging and realizing industrialized large-scale operation. A variety of products and services such as high-accuracy maps using remote-sensing data, full dimensional images, data processing, and application software are improving the service to users in transport, e-commerce, trading of agricultural products, assessment of disaster losses and insurance claims, and the registration of real estate.

　　The ability to commercialize satellite communications and broadcasting services has further improved. Four 4K Ultra HD television channels in China were launched and TV viewers now have access to over 100 HD channels. Internet access is also available on board ocean vessels and passenger aircraft. Tiantong-1, a satellite mobile communication system, is in commercial operation.

　　The satellite navigation industry has witnessed rapid growth as evidenced by sales of over 100 million chips compatible with the BeiDou system. Its industrial applications have been widely introduced into mass consumption, the sharing economy, and daily life. Achievements in space technology have helped traditional industries transform and upgrade, supported emerging industries such as new energy, new materials and environmental protection, enabled new business models such as smart cities, smart agriculture and unmanned driving to grow, making a great contribution to building China’s strengths in science and technology, manufacturing, cyberspace and transport.

　　未来五年，中国航天将紧紧抓住数字产业化、产业数字化发展机遇，面向经济社会发展和大众多样化需求，加大航天成果转化和技术转移，丰富应用场景，创新商业模式，推动空间应用与数字经济发展深度融合。拓展卫星遥感、卫星通信应用广度深度，实施北斗产业化工程，为国民经济各行业领域和大众消费提供更先进更经济的优质产品和便利服务。培育发展太空旅游、太空生物制药、空间碎片清除、空间试验服务等太空经济新业态，提升航天产业规模效益。

　　In the next five years, China’s space industry will seize the opportunities presented by the expanding digital industry and the digital transformation of traditional industries, to promote the application and transfer of space technology. Through innovative business models and the deep integration of space application with digital economy, more efforts will be made to expand and extend the scope for applying satellite remote-sensing and satellite communications technologies, and realizing the industrialized operation of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System. This will provide more advanced, economical, high-quality products and convenient services for all industries and sectors and for mass consumption. New business models for upscaling the space economy such as travel, biomedicine, debris removal and experiment services will be developed to expand the industry.

　　四、开展空间科学探索与研究

　　IV. Research on Space Science

　　中国航天围绕宇宙起源和演化、太阳系与人类的关系等科学主题，论证实施空间科学计划，开展空间科学探索和空间环境下的科学实验，深化基础理论研究，孵化重大空间科学研究成果。

　　China’s research on space science focuses on scientific questions such as the origin and evolution of the universe, and the relationship between the solar system and humanity. It has launched programs to explore space and conduct experiments, advanced research on basic theories, and incubated major research findings.

　　(一)空间科学探索

　　1. Research on Space Science

　　空间天文。“悟空”号暗物质粒子探测卫星获取了宇宙射线电子、质子和氦核能谱精细结构。成功发射“慧眼”硬X射线调制望远镜卫星，实现宇宙磁场测量和黑洞双星爆发过程全景观测。成功发射“羲和号”太阳探测科学技术试验卫星，获得多幅Hɑ波段不同波长点的太阳光谱图像。

　　(1) Space astronomy

　　The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) Satellite obtained the precise measurements of the energy spectrums of cosmic ray electrons, protons and the GCR helium. The Huiyan (Insight) Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope was successfully launched; it has since discovered the strongest magnetic field in the universe and obtained a panoramic view of the black hole binary explosion process. The Xihe observation satellite was successfully launched, which obtained multiple solar spectroscopic images at different wavelengths in the Hα waveband.

　　月球与行星科学。依托月球探测工程，开展月球地质和月表浅层结构综合探测，在月球岩浆活动定年、矿物学特征和化学元素分析等方面取得重大成果。依托行星探测工程，开展火星地表结构、土壤和岩石物质成分分析，深化火星地质演化认知。

　　(2) Lunar and planetary science

　　Led by its lunar exploration program, China has achieved significant advances in the comprehensive surveying of the moon’s geology and subsurface structure, in dating the lunar magmatic activity, and in analyzing its mineralogical features and chemical elements. In planetary exploration, China has built a deeper understanding of the geological evolution of Mars by conducting analysis of its surface structure and soil and the composition of its rocks.

　　空间地球科学。“张衡一号”电磁监测试验卫星获取了全球地磁场和电离层原位数据，构建了全球地磁场参考模型。全球二氧化碳监测科学实验卫星获取了全球高精度二氧化碳分布图，卫星数据向全球免费共享。

　　(3) Space earth sciences

　　Zhangheng-1, also known as the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite, helped to obtain data on and build models of the global geomagnetic field and the in-situ data of ionosphere parameters. A high-precision global carbon flux map, developed by using the data from the Chinese Global Carbon Dioxide Monitoring Scientific Experimental Satellite, is shared globally free of any charge.

　　空间基础物理。利用“墨子”号量子科学实验卫星，开展千公里级星地量子纠缠分发和隐形传态实验、引力诱导量子纠缠退相干实验，完成基于纠缠的无中继千公里量子密钥分发。成功发射“太极一号”和“天琴一号”空间引力波探测试验卫星。

　　(4) Space physics

　　With the help of Mozi, the world’s first quantum communication satellite, China has carried out experiments on satellite-based quantum teleportation and entanglement distribution over thousand kilometers, on gravitational induced decoherence of quantum entanglement, and on entanglement-based secure quantum cryptography over thousand kilometers with no trusted relay. It has also launched the Taiji-1 and Tianqin-1 satellites to support the space gravitational wave detection program.

　　未来五年，中国将围绕极端宇宙、时空涟漪、日地全景、宜居行星等科学主题，研制空间引力波探测卫星、爱因斯坦探针、先进天基太阳天文台、太阳风-磁层相互作用全景成像卫星、高精度地磁场测量卫星等，持续开展空间天文、日球物理、月球与行星科学、空间地球科学、空间基础物理等领域的前瞻探索和基础研究，催生更多原创性科学成果。

　　In the next five years, China will continue with the research and development of programs such as the satellite for space gravitational wave detection, the Einstein Probe, the advanced space-based solar observatory, the panoramic imaging satellite for solar wind and magnetosphere interaction, and the high precision magnetic field measurement satellite, focusing on the subjects of the extreme universe, ripples in time and space, the panoramic view of the sun and the earth, and the search for habitable planets. China will continue to explore frontier areas and research into space astronomy, heliospheric physics, lunar and planetary science, space earth sciences, and space physics, to generate more original scientific findings.

　　(二)空间环境下的科学实验

　　2. Science Experiments in Space

　　利用“神舟”系列飞船、“天宫二号”空间实验室、“实践十号”卫星等，在太空实现了哺乳动物细胞胚胎发育，完成世界首台空间冷原子钟在轨验证，深化了微重力颗粒分聚和煤粉燃烧、材料制备等机理认识，取得了一批有国际影响力的空间科学研究成果。

　　With the help of the Shenzhou spacecraft series, the Tiangong-2 space laboratory, and the Shijian-10 satellite, China has achieved mammalian embryonic development in space and in-orbit verification of the world’s first space cold atom clock, expanded the understanding of the mechanisms behind particle segregation in microgravity, pulverized coal combustion, and material preparation, and achieved research findings in space science of international standing.

　　未来五年，中国将利用天宫空间站、“嫦娥”系列探测器、“天问一号”探测器等空间实验平台，开展空间环境下的生物、生命、医学、材料等方面的实验和研究，持续深化人类对基础科学的认知。

　　In the coming five years, China will make use of space experiment platforms such as the Tiangong space station, the Chang’e lunar probe series, and the Tianwen-1 Mars probe to conduct experiments and research on biology, life, medicine, and materials, to expand humanity’s understanding of basic science.

　　五、推进航天治理现代化

　　V. Modernizing Space Governance

　　中国政府积极制定发展航天事业的政策与措施，科学部署各项航天活动，充分发挥有效市场和有为政府作用，营造良好发展环境，推动航天事业高质量发展。

　　The Chinese government has been proactive in developing the space industry, through policy measures and well-thought-out plans for space activities. Better alignment between a well-functioning market and an enabling government gives full play to the roles of both, endeavoring to create a favorable environment for the growth of a high-quality space industry.

　　(一)持续提升航天创新能力

　　1. Enhancing Innovation

　　建设航天战略科技力量，打造以科研院所为主体的原始创新策源地，建立健全产学研用深度融合的航天技术创新体系，构建关键领域航天科技创新联盟，形成上中下游协同、大中小企业融通的创新发展格局。

　　In order to create a new configuration in which the upper, middle and lower industrial chains are coordinated, and large, small and medium-sized enterprises advance in an integrated way, China is building a strategic force of space science and technology, encouraging original innovation by research institutes and bringing together enterprises, universities, research institutes and end-users in creating and applying new technologies. A technological innovation alliance is emerging in key areas of space science.

　　推进实施一批航天重大工程和重大科技项目，推动航天科技跨越发展，带动国家科技整体跃升。

　　A number of major space and science projects are in place to promote the leapfrog development of space science and technology, which spearheads overall technical advances.

　　勇攀航天科技高峰，超前部署战略性、基础性、前瞻性科学研究和技术攻关，推进新一代信息技术在航天领域融合应用，加速先进技术特别是颠覆性技术的工程应用。

　　China is making forward-looking plans for strategic, fundamental and technological breakthroughs in space science – it is integrating the application of new-generation information technology in the space sector, and accelerating the engineering application of advanced and especially revolutionary technologies.

　　加强航天技术二次开发，推动航天科技成果转化应用，辐射带动国民经济发展。

　　The secondary development of space technologies will be further reinforced to put research findings into industrial production and boost the economy.