政府报告白皮书中英文翻译：《2021中国的航天》

　　Together with relevant partners China has developed and successfully launched the China-France Oceanography Satellite, China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite 04A, and the Ethiopian Remote-Sensing Satellite. It has launched the Student Small Satellites (SSS) for APSCO. It is jointly developing the MisrSat-2 remote-sensing satellite.

　　——完成巴基斯坦遥感卫星一号、委内瑞拉遥感卫星二号、苏丹一号遥感卫星、阿尔及利亚一号通信卫星等在轨交付。

　　China completed the in-orbit delivery of the Pakistan Remote-Sensing Satellite (PRSS-1), Venezuelan Remote-Sensing Satellite (VRSS-2), Sudan Remote-Sensing Satellite (SRSS-1), and the Algerian Communications Satellite (Alcomsat-1).

　　——为沙特阿拉伯、巴基斯坦、阿根廷、巴西、加拿大、卢森堡等国家提供卫星搭载发射服务。

　　China has provided satellite carrying or launching services for countries including Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, and Luxembourg.

　　——与俄罗斯、乌克兰、白俄罗斯、阿根廷、巴基斯坦、尼日利亚等国家开展宇航产品技术合作。

　　China has conducted space product and technology cooperation with countries including Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Argentina, Pakistan, and Nigeria.

　　——助力发展中国家航天能力建设。与埃及、巴基斯坦、尼日利亚等国家合作建设卫星研制基础设施。推动“一带一路”空间信息走廊建设，向发展中国家开放中国空间设施资源。

　　China has helped developing countries boost their space science and research. It has built satellite research and development infrastructure with countries including Egypt, Pakistan and Nigeria. It has pressed ahead with the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative Space Information Corridor, and opened China’s space facilities to developing countries.

　　6.空间应用。

　　(6) Space applications

　　——建立风云气象卫星国际用户防灾减灾应急保障机制，中国气象卫星数据广泛应用于121个国家和地区。

　　China has established an emergency support mechanism for disaster prevention and mitigation for international users of the Fengyun meteorological satellites, and data from China’s meteorological satellites have been widely used in 121 countries and regions.

　　——签署金砖国家遥感卫星星座合作协定。与欧洲空间局开展对地观测卫星数据交换合作。建设中国-东盟卫星信息(海上)服务平台和遥感卫星数据共享服务平台。与老挝、泰国、柬埔寨、缅甸等国家共同建设澜沧江-湄公河空间信息交流中心。

　　China has signed cooperation agreements for the BRICS Remote-Sensing Satellite Constellation, cooperated with the European Space Agency on earth observation satellite data exchange, and built the China-ASEAN Satellite Information Offshore Service Platform and the Remote-Sensing Satellite Data-Sharing Service Platform. It has worked with Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Myanmar to build the Lancang-Mekong Space Information Exchange Center.

　　——与玻利维亚、印度尼西亚、纳米比亚、泰国、南非等国家合作建设卫星数据接收站。

　　China has built satellite data receiving stations with countries including Bolivia, Indonesia, Namibia, Thailand and South Africa.

　　——积极参与空间与重大灾害国际宪章机制，为近40个国家的减灾提供卫星遥感数据近800景，新增8颗(座)卫星和星座作为值班卫星和星座，提升国际社会防灾减灾能力。

　　China actively participates in the mechanism of the International Charter on Space and Major Disasters, providing satellite remote-sensing data totaling 800 scenes and adding eight new on-duty satellites (constellations) to the satellite system, thereby improving the international community’s capacity for disaster prevention and mitigation.

　　——积极开展卫星应急监测和服务，针对15个国家的17次重特大灾害事故启动应急监测，就2018年阿富汗大旱、2018年老挝溃坝事故、2019年莫桑比克台风向受灾国相关部门提供监测产品服务。

　　China actively provides satellite emergency monitoring services. It has initiated emergency monitoring in response to 17 major disasters in 15 countries. For instance, in response to the severe drought in Afghanistan and the dam collapse in Laos in 2018, and to the cyclone that struck Mozambique in 2019, it provided monitoring services for the authorities of affected countries.

　　——发布《中国面向全球的综合地球观测系统十年执行计划(2016-2025年)》，担任地球观测组织2020年轮值主席国，推动全球综合地球观测系统建设。

　　China released its GEO Strategic Plan 2016-2025: Implementing GEOSS. It served as the rotating chair of the Group on Earth Observations in 2020 and promoted the construction of a global earth observation system.

　　——参与国际空间气候观测(SCO)平台机制，推动中国利用空间技术应对气候变化的最佳实践，助力国际空间气候观测合作。

　　China participates in the international Space Climate Observatory platform, promoting China’s best practices in space technology to address climate change, and facilitating international cooperation on space climate observation.

　　7.空间科学。

　　(7) Space science

　　——与瑞士、意大利、奥地利、英国、日本等国家联合开展“悟空”号、“墨子”号、“实践十号”和“慧眼”等科学卫星的联合科学研究和实验。

　　Using science satellites including Wukong, Mozi, Shijian-10, and Insight, China has conducted joint scientific research and experiments with countries including Switzerland, Italy, Austria, the United Kingdom, and Japan.

　　——联合研制并成功发射中意电磁监测试验卫星，持续推进中欧太阳风-磁层相互作用全景成像卫星、中法天文卫星、中意电磁监测卫星02星联合研制，与意大利、德国等国家开展先进天基太阳天文台、爱因斯坦探针、增强型X射线时变与偏振空间天文台等科学卫星有效载荷的联合研制和定标。

　　China co-developed and successfully launched the China-Italy Electromagnetic Monitoring Experiment Satellite. It has continued the joint development of the Sino-European Panoramic Imaging Satellite for Solar Wind and Magnetosphere Interaction, Sino-French Astronomic Satellite, and China-Italy Electromagnetic Monitoring Experiment Satellite 02. It has joined countries including Italy and Germany in developing and calibrating the payloads of satellites such as the advanced space-based solar observatory, Einstein Probe, and enhanced X-ray timing and polarimetry observatory.

　　——利用中国-巴西空间天气联合实验室，共同建设南美地区空间环境综合监测研究平台。

　　Using the China-Brazil Joint Laboratory for Space Weather, it co-built the space environment monitoring and research platform for South America.

　　8.人才与学术交流。

　　(8) Personnel and academic exchanges

　　——参与国际宇航联合会、国际空间研究委员会、国际宇航科学院、国际空间法学会等活动，举办全球空间探索大会、全球卫星导航系统国际委员会第十三届大会、中国/联合国航天助力可持续发展大会、文昌国际航空航天论坛、珠海论坛、北斗规模应用国际峰会、风云气象卫星国际用户大会等。

　　China has taken part in the activities organized by the International Astronautical Federation, International Committee on Space Research, International Academy of Astronautics, and International Institute of Space Law. It has hosted the 2017 Global Space Exploration Conference, the 13th Meeting of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems, the United Nations/China Forum on Space Solutions: Realizing the Sustainable Development Goals, the Wenchang International Aviation and Aerospace Forum, the Zhuhai Forum, the International Summit on BDS Applications, and the Fengyun Satellite User Conference.

　　——助力发展中国家人才培养。依托联合国空间科技教育亚太区域中心(中国)为60余个国家培养了近千名航天人才，并建立“一带一路”航天创新联盟和中俄工科大学联盟;通过发展中国家技术培训班等渠道，促进遥感与导航方向的人才交流。

　　China has helped developing countries train professionals. Through the Regional Centre for Space Science and Technology Education in Asia and the Pacific (China) (Affiliated to the United Nations), it has trained almost 1,000 space-industry professionals for more than 60 countries, and established the “Belt and Road” Aerospace Innovation Alliance and the Association of Sino-Russian Technical Universities. It has also promoted personnel exchanges in remote-sensing and navigation technology through the International Training Program and other channels.

　　——通过中欧空间科学研讨会、中欧空间科技合作对话、中欧“龙计划”等渠道，促进空间科学、遥感与导航方向的科技交流。

　　China has promoted scientific and technological exchanges in the fields of space science, remote sensing and navigation through the China-Europe Space Science Bilateral Meeting, the China-EU-ESA Dialogue on Space Technology Cooperation, and the Dragon Programme - a joint undertaking between ESA and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China.

　　(三)未来合作重点

　　Key Areas for Future Cooperation

　　未来五年，中国将以更加积极开放的姿态，拓展双边、多边合作机制，在以下重点领域广泛开展国际空间交流与合作：

　　In the next five years China will be more open and active in broadening bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms, and will engage in extensive international exchanges and cooperation in the following key areas:

　　1.外空全球治理。

　　(1) Global governance of outer space

　　——在联合国框架下，积极参与外空国际规则制定，共同应对外空活动长期可持续发展面临的挑战。

　　Under the framework of the United Nations, China will actively participate in formulating international rules regarding outer space, and will work together with other countries to address the challenges in ensuring long-term sustainability of outer space activities.

　　——积极参与空间环境治理、近地小天体监测与应对、行星保护、太空交通管理、空间资源开发利用等领域国际议题讨论和机制构建。

　　China will actively participate in discussions on international issues and the development of relevant mechanisms, such as those in the fields of space environment governance, near-earth objects monitoring and response, planet protection, space traffic management, and the development and utilization of space resources.

　　——开展空间环境治理合作，提高太空危机管控和综合治理效能，支持与俄、美等国及有关国际组织开展外空治理对话，推动亚太空间合作组织空间科学观测台建设。

　　China will cooperate in space environment governance, improve the efficiency of space crisis management and comprehensive governance, conduct dialogue with Russia, the United States and other countries as well as relevant international organizations on outer space governance, and actively support the construction of APSCO’s space science observatory.

　　2.载人航天。

　　(2) Manned spaceflight

　　——依托中国空间站，开展空间天文观测、地球科学研究，以及微重力环境下的空间科学实验。

　　China will employ its space station to conduct space-based astronomical observations, earth science and research, and space science experiments under conditions of microgravity.

　　——推动开展航天员联合选拔培训、联合飞行等更广泛的国际合作。

　　China will promote more extensive international cooperation in astronaut selection and training, joint flights and other fields.

　　3.北斗导航。

　　(3) BeiDou Navigation Satellite System

　　——持续参加联合国全球卫星导航系统国际委员会有关活动，推动建立公正合理的卫星导航秩序。

　　China will continue to participate in the activities of the UN’s International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems and promote the establishment of a fair and reasonable satellite navigation order.

　　——积极推进北斗卫星导航系统和其他卫星导航系统、星基增强系统的兼容与互操作合作，促进全球卫星导航系统兼容共用。