政府报告白皮书中英文翻译：《2021中国的航天》

　　六、构建航天国际合作新格局

　　VI. International Cooperation

　　和平探索、开发和利用外层空间是世界各国都享有的平等权利。中国倡导世界各国一起推动构建人类命运共同体，坚持在平等互利、和平利用、包容发展的基础上，深入开展航天国际交流合作。

　　Peaceful exploration, development and utilization of outer space are rights equally enjoyed by all countries. China calls on all countries to work together to build a global community of shared future and carry out in-depth exchanges and cooperation in outer space on the basis of equality, mutual benefit, peaceful utilization, and inclusive development.

　　(一)基本政策

　　1. Basic Policies

　　中国政府在开展航天国际交流合作中，采取以下基本政策：

　　China’s basic policies on international exchanges and cooperation are as follows:

　　——维护联合国在外空事务中的核心作用，遵循联合国《关于各国探索和利用包括月球和其他天体在内外层空间活动的原则条约》，重视联合国相关原则、宣言、决议的指导意义，积极参与外空国际规则制定，促进外空活动长期可持续发展。

　　Safeguarding the central role of the United Nations in managing outer space affairs; abiding by the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies; upholding the guiding role of relevant UN principles, declarations and resolutions; actively participating in the formulation of international rules regarding outer space; and promoting greater sustainability of space activities;

　　——加强空间科学、技术及应用等领域的国际交流与合作，与国际社会一道提供全球公共产品与服务，为人类应对共同挑战作出贡献。

　　Strengthening international exchanges and cooperation on space science, technology and application; working together with the international community to provide public products and services; and contributing to global efforts to address common challenges;

　　——加强基于共同目标、服务“一带一路”建设的空间合作，使航天发展成果惠及沿线国家，特别是发展中国家。

　　Strengthening international space cooperation that is based on common goals and serves the Belt and Road Initiative, and ensuring that the space industry benefits the Initiative’s participating countries, especially developing countries;

　　——支持亚太空间合作组织发挥重要作用，重视在金砖国家合作机制、上海合作组织框架、二十国集团合作机制下的空间合作。

　　Supporting the Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization (APSCO) to play an important role, and giving weight to cooperation under the BRICS and Group 20 mechanisms and within the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization;

　　——鼓励和支持国内科研机构、企业、高等院校、社会团体，依据有关政策和法规，开展多层次、多形式的国际空间交流与合作。

　　Encouraging and endorsing the efforts of domestic research institutes, enterprises, institutions of higher learning, and social organizations to engage in international space exchanges and cooperation in diverse forms and at various levels in accordance with relevant policies, laws and regulations.

　　(二)主要进展

　　2. Major Achievements

　　2016年以来，中国与19个国家和地区、4个国际组织，签署46项空间合作协定或谅解备忘录;积极推动外空全球治理;利用双边、多边合作机制，开展空间科学、空间技术、空间应用等领域国际合作，取得丰硕成果。

　　Since 2016, China has signed 46 space cooperation agreements or memoranda of understanding with 19 countries and regions and four international organizations. It has actively promoted global governance of outer space, and carried out international cooperation in space science, technology and application through bilateral and multilateral mechanisms. These measures have yielded fruitful results.

　　1.外空全球治理。

　　(1) Global governance of outer space

　　——参加联合国框架下外空活动长期可持续性、空间资源开发利用、防止外空军备竞赛等议题磋商，共同创建空间探索与创新等新议题，持续推进联合国空间2030议程。

　　China participates in consultations on issues such as the long-term sustainability of outer space activities, the development and utilization of space resources, and the prevention of arms race in outer space. Together with other parties, it has proposed discussions on space exploration and innovation, and advanced the Space2030 Agenda of the UN.

　　——支持联合国灾害管理与应急反应天基信息平台北京办公室工作，深度参与联合国全球卫星导航系统国际委员会各项活动，加入空间任务规划咨询组和国际小行星预警网等国际机制。

　　China supports the work of the Beijing office of the United Nations Platform for Space-based Information for Disaster Management and Emergency Response, and has participated in the activities of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems in an in-depth manner. It has joined international mechanisms such as the Space Missions Planning Advisory Group and the International Asteroid Warning Network.

　　——发挥亚太空间合作组织东道国作用，支持《亚太空间合作组织2030年发展愿景》。

　　China plays its role as the host country of APSCO, and supports the organization’s Development Vision 2030.

　　——利用中俄航天合作分委会空间碎片工作组、中美空间碎片与空间飞行安全专家研讨会等机制加强在空间碎片、外空活动长期可持续等领域的交流。

　　China has strengthened international exchanges on space debris, long-term sustainability of outer space activities, and other issues through mechanisms such as the Space Debris Work Group of China-Russia Space Cooperation Sub-committee and the Sino-US Expert Workshop on Space Debris and Space Flight Safety.

　　——支持国际电信联盟、地球观测组织、机构间空间碎片协调委员会、国际空间数据系统咨询委员会、国际空间探索协调组、机构间互操作顾问委员会等国际组织活动。

　　China supports the activities of international organizations such as the International Telecommunication Union, Group on Earth Observations, Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee, Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems, International Space Exploration Coordination Group, and the Interagency Operations Advisory Group.

　　2.载人航天。

　　(2) Manned spaceflight

　　——利用“天宫二号”空间实验室与欧洲空间局合作开展伽马暴偏振探测研究，在“神舟十一号”载人飞行任务期间与法国合作开展微重力环境下人体医学研究，与欧洲航天员中心联合进行洞穴训练、海上救生训练。

　　China has carried out gamma-ray burst polarization monitoring research with the European Space Agency on the Tiangong-2 space laboratory, conducted human body medical research in a micro-gravitational environment with France during the Shenzhou-11 manned spaceflight mission, carried out joint CAVES training and maritime rescue drills with the European Astronaut Centre.

　　——完成中国空间站首批空间科学国际合作实验项目遴选，围绕空间科学实验、空间站舱段研制与德国、意大利、俄罗斯开展技术合作与交流。

　　China has completed the selection of the first batch of international space science experiments to be conducted on the Chinese space station, and conducted technological cooperation and exchanges with Germany, Italy and Russia on space science experiments and the development of space station sections.

　　3.北斗导航。

　　(3) BeiDou Navigation Satellite System

　　——推动中国北斗卫星导航系统与美国全球定位系统、俄罗斯格罗纳斯系统、欧洲伽利略系统协调发展，在兼容与互操作、监测评估、联合应用等领域深入合作。

　　China has coordinated the development of China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System and the United States’ Global Positioning System, Russia’s GLONASS system, and Europe’s Galileo system. It has carried out in-depth cooperation with them in the fields of compatibility, interoperability, monitoring and assessment, and joint application.

　　——推动北斗国际标准化工作，相继进入民航、海事、国际搜救、移动通信、电工委员会等多个国际组织标准体系。

　　China has pressed ahead with international standardization of the BeiDou system, which has been included in the standard systems of the International Electrotechnical Commission and many other international organizations in fields such as civil aviation, maritime affairs, international search and rescue, and mobile communications.

　　——推动北斗系统全球服务，与阿盟、非盟分别建立北斗合作论坛机制，在突尼斯建成首个海外北斗中心，与巴基斯坦、沙特阿拉伯、阿根廷、南非、阿尔及利亚、泰国等国家开展卫星导航合作。

　　China has increased the BeiDou system’s global service capacity by establishing BeiDou cooperation forum mechanisms with the League of Arab States and the African Union, completing the first overseas BeiDou center in Tunisia, and conducting satellite navigation cooperation with countries such as Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Argentina, South Africa, Algeria, and Thailand.

　　4.深空探测。

　　(4) Deep-space exploration

　　——与俄罗斯联合发起国际月球科研站计划，启动中俄月球与深空探测联合数据中心建设，推动中国“嫦娥七号”月球极区探测任务与俄罗斯月球-资源-1轨道器任务联合实施。

　　China launched the international lunar research station project together with Russia, and initiated the Sino-Russian Joint Data Center for Lunar and Deep-space Exploration. It is working with Russia to coordinate Chang’e-7’s lunar polar exploration mission with Russia’s LUNA-Resource-1 orbiter mission.

　　——利用月球探测工程“嫦娥四号”任务，与俄罗斯、欧洲空间局开展了工程技术合作，与瑞典、德国、荷兰、沙特开展了科学载荷合作。启动月球探测工程“嫦娥六号”任务国际载荷搭载合作。

　　In the Chang’e-4 lunar exploration mission China cooperated with Russia and the European Space Agency on engineering technology, and with Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands and Saudi Arabia on payloads. It has launched international onboard payload cooperation in the Chang’e-6 lunar exploration mission.

　　——利用首次火星探测“天问一号”任务，与欧洲空间局开展了工程技术合作，与奥地利、法国开展了科学载荷合作。与美国建立火星探测器轨道数据交换机制。启动小行星探测任务国际载荷搭载合作。

　　In the Tianwen-1 mission, China’s first Mars exploration project, China cooperated with the European Space Agency on engineering technology, and with Austria and France on payloads. It has established a Mars probe orbit data exchange mechanism with the United States, and launched international onboard payload cooperation in its asteroid exploration mission.

　　——与欧洲空间局、阿根廷、纳米比亚、巴基斯坦开展月球与深空探测领域的测控合作。

　　In the fields of lunar and deep-space exploration, China cooperated on TT&C with the European Space Agency, Argentina, Namibia, and Pakistan.

　　5.空间技术。

　　(5) Space technology

　　——联合研制并成功发射中法海洋卫星、中巴(西)地球资源04A星、埃塞俄比亚遥感微小卫星，为亚太空间合作组织成功搭载发射大学生小卫星。持续推进埃及二号遥感卫星等联合研制。