政府报告白皮书中英文翻译：《中国交通的可持续发展》

　　Promoting connectivity of transport infrastructure. China recognizes the importance of transport in promoting global connectivity and shared prosperity, and thus strengthens win-win cooperation with other countries in transport connectivity. Steady progress has been achieved in cooperation on the Pakistan Main Line 1 (ML-1) upgrading project, the China-Nepal Cross-border Railway, the China-Laos Railway, the China-Thailand Railway, and the Jakarta-Bandung High-speed Rail. With the joint efforts of Chinese enterprises and their international partners, the Mombasa-Nairobi Railway, the Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway, and the Orange Line metro train project in Lahore, Pakistan have been completed.

　　More than 31,000 China Railway Express Trains have made trans-continental voyages to Europe, reaching 92 cities in 21 European countries.

　　Cooperation between China and relevant countries has brought a number of road and bridge projects to completion, including the Havelian-Thakot section of the Karakoram Highway and the Sukkur-Multan section of the Peshawar-Karachi Motorway, the Kunming-Bangkok Expressway, the Heihe-Blagoveshchensk Highway Bridge, the Tongjiang-Nizhneleninskoye Railway Bridge and other road and bridge projects.

　　China has participated in the construction and operation of the Port of Piraeus in Greece, the Port of Colombo in Sri Lanka, the Gwadar Port in Pakistan and other overseas ports. With the active participation and joint efforts of the countries concerned, a connectivity framework consisting of six corridors, six routes and multiple countries and ports has taken shape.

　　A comprehensive, multilevel infrastructure network with railways, highways, shipping and aviation at its core is forming rapidly. As a result, the costs of cross-regional trade and goods movement have been gradually reduced, facilitating the orderly flow and optimal allocation of resources and other production factors across regions.

　　推进国际运输便利化。积极推进政策、规则、标准“三位一体”联通，为互联互通提供机制保障。以共建“一带一路”为合作平台，与19个国家签署22项国际道路运输便利化协定;分别与比利时、阿联酋、法国签署机动车驾驶证互认换领双边协议;与66个国家和地区签署70个双边和区域海运协定，海运服务覆盖沿线所有沿海国家;与26个国家(地区)签署单边或者双边承认船员证书协议，与新加坡签署电子证书谅解备忘录，便利船舶通关，引领和推进电子证书在全球航运业的应用进程;建立中欧班列国际铁路合作机制，与22个国家签署邮政合作文件，实现中欧班列出口运邮常态化运作;与100个国家签订双边政府间航空运输协定，截至2019年底，中外航空公司在中国通航54个合作国家，每周运行6846个往返航班，与东盟、欧盟签订了区域性航空运输协定。建立中日韩俄四国海上搜救合作机制，与印尼国家搜救局签订部门间海上搜救合作备忘录。国际运输便利化推动了中国与沿线国家合作更加紧密、往来更加便利、利益更加融合。

　　Facilitating international transport. China actively promotes the coordination of policies, rules and standards among countries so as to provide institutional support for connectivity. Under the framework of Belt and Road cooperation, it has signed 22 agreements on international road transport with 19 countries, reached bilateral agreements with Belgium, the UAE, and France on mutual recognition and exchange of motor vehicle driving licenses, and concluded 70 bilateral or regional shipping agreements with 66 countries and regions, with its shipping services covering all costal countries along the Belt and Road.

　　China has also signed agreements with 26 countries and regions on unilateral or mutual recognition of seafarer’s certificate of competency, and signed a memorandum of understanding on electronic certificates with Singapore to facilitate customs clearance of ships and the application of electronic certificates in the global shipping industry. An international railway cooperation mechanism has been established for China Railway Express to Europe, and China has signed postal cooperation agreements with 22 countries, realizing regular outbound mail traffic of China Railway Express.

　　China has signed bilateral intergovernmental agreements on air transport with 100 countries. By the end of 2019, Chinese and foreign airlines were operating air routes in China reaching 54 countries, with 6,846 round-trip flights every week. China has signed regional air transport agreements with ASEAN and the European Union.

　　China has established a cooperation mechanism for maritime search and rescue with Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Russia, and signed a departmental memorandum of understanding on maritime search and rescue with the National Search and Rescue Agency of Indonesia.

　　Thanks to these measures, China can enjoy closer cooperation, more convenient exchanges, and more shared interests with other countries along the Belt and Road.

　　(二)积极推动全球交通治理体系变革

　　2. Promoting Reform of Global Transport Governance

　　当前，全球交通治理体系面临一系列新课题，迫切需要变革创新，为全球发展提供更好助力和支撑。中国坚定支持多边主义，积极推动全球交通治理体系建设与变革，努力为全球交通治理提供中国智慧、中国方案。

　　Currently, global transport governance faces a series of new challenges. To better facilitate and support global development, it urgently needs reform and innovation. China firmly supports multilateralism, actively promotes the evolution of the global transport governance system, and contributes China’s vision and approach to global transport governance.

　　共谋全球交通治理。中国作为负责任大国，认真履行国际责任和义务。加入近120项交通运输领域多边条约，积极参与联合国亚洲及太平洋经济社会委员会、铁路合作组织、国际铁路联盟、世界道路协会、国际运输论坛、国际海事组织、国际民航组织、万国邮政联盟等国际组织事务，多次当选或连任国际海事组织A类理事国、万国邮政联盟相关理事会理事国，积极主办世界交通运输大会等国际会议。推动实现联合国2030年可持续发展议程框架下的交通领域可持续发展目标，携手其他发展中国家推动交通可持续发展全球治理改革，为发展中国家发展营造良好的国际环境。

　　Participating in global transport governance. As a major country that shoulders its international responsibilities and obligations, China has become a party to nearly 120 multilateral agreements on transport; it has taken an active part in the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the Organisation for Cooperation between Railways (OSJD), the International Union of Railways (UIC), the World Road Association (PIARC), the International Transport Forum (ITF), the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the Universal Postal Union (UPU) and other international organizations. China has been reelected as a Category (a) Council member of the IMO and member of the councils of the UPU. It has hosted the World Transport Convention and other international conferences.

　　China is committed to undertaking all transport-related actions under the framework of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It works with other developing countries to promote reform of global governance for sustainable transport, with the goal of creating a favorable international environment for developing countries.

　　推动全球气候治理。中国高度重视应对气候变化，积极承担符合自身发展阶段和国情的国际责任，实施积极应对气候变化国家战略。积极引导全球海运温室气体减排战略的制定和实施，在全球航空减排市场机制制定和实施进程中努力维护发展中国家权益，推动和引导建立公平合理、合作共赢的全球气候治理体系，为全球生态文明建设和可持续发展贡献力量。

　　Contributing to global climate governance. China attaches great importance to tackling climate change, actively undertakes international responsibilities and obligations that are commensurate with its stage of development and national conditions, and enforces a national strategy to proactively respond to climate change. It has played a leading role in formulating and implementing IMO’s initial strategy on the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from ships, and worked hard to safeguard the interests of developing countries during the formulation and implementation of the market-based measure – Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation. China strives for the establishment of a fair and rational global climate governance system directed towards cooperation and win-win results, with the goal of contributing to global eco-environmental progress and sustainable development.

　　(三)加强国际交流与合作

　　3. Strengthening International Exchanges and Cooperation

　　中国遵循平等互利、合作共赢的原则，与各国深入开展交通领域交流合作，不断拓展广度深度，推动构建开放型世界经济。

　　In the spirit of equality and mutually beneficial cooperation, China seeks closer and broader cooperation with other countries on transport, to facilitate an open world economy.

　　扩大开放合作“朋友圈”。依托中俄总理定期会晤委员会运输合作分委会、中美交通论坛、中国-中东欧国家交通部长会议等平台，深化交通可持续发展合作，为构建新型国际关系发挥积极作用。秉持亲诚惠容周边外交理念，加强与周边国家交通合作，推动建立中日韩运输与物流部长会议、上海合作组织交通部长会议、中国-东盟(10+1)交通部长会议、中老缅泰澜沧江-湄公河商船通航联合协调委员会等合作机制，以及中俄、中朝界河航道航行管理机制。推动建立并参与亚太海事局长会议、中国-东盟海事磋商机制会议等区域合作机制。参与大湄公河次区域(GMS)、中亚区域经济合作(CAREC)等机制下的交通合作，为促进地区经济发展作出积极贡献。秉持正确义利观，积极开展与相关国家的海事能力建设和技术合作项目，向其他发展中国家提供基础设施建设、规划编制、能力建设等方面支持和援助。通过广泛深入的交流合作，推动形成市场合作互利共赢、成果经验互鉴共享的开放新格局。

　　Broadening the global network of partnerships. Through mechanisms such as the Transport Cooperation Sub-Committee of the Committee for Regular Meetings between Chinese and Russian Heads of Government, the China-US Transportation Forum, and the China-CEEC Transport Ministers’ Meeting, China furthers cooperation in sustainable development of transport and plays a constructive role in building a new model of international relations.

　　Adhering to the principles of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit, and inclusiveness in its relations with its neighbors, China strengthens its cooperation with neighboring countries in transport. The following mechanisms have been established: the China-Japan-Korea Ministerial Conference on Transport and Logistics, the Meeting of SCO Ministers of Transport, the ASEAN and China Transport Ministers Meeting, the Joint Committee on Coordination of Commercial Navigation on Lancang-Mekong River among China, Laos, Myanmar and Thailand, mechanisms for the use and management of China-Russia and China-DPRK transboundary waterways, the Asia-Pacific Heads of Maritime Safety Agencies (APHoMSA) forum, and the China-ASEAN Maritime Consultation Mechanism. China has participated in transport cooperation under the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) and other frameworks, contributing substantially to regional economic development.

　　Guided by the principle of pursuing the greater good and shared interests, China actively engages in international programs on enhancing maritime capability and technological cooperation, and provides support and aid for other developing countries in infrastructure construction, planning and capacity building. Through broad and in-depth exchanges and cooperation, China has broken new ground in opening up featuring mutually beneficial market-based cooperation, experience-sharing and mutual learning.

　　开展国际抗疫合作。新冠病毒是人类共同的敌人。中国加强与其他国家交通领域抗疫合作，推动构建人类卫生健康共同体。推动国际海事组织向174个成员国、有关国际组织转发《船舶船员新冠肺炎疫情防控操作指南》《港口及其一线人员新冠肺炎疫情防控工作指南》等多份文件。中国民用航空局向40多个重点通航国家民航部门分享《运输航空公司、机场疫情防控技术指南》。国家邮政局通过万国邮政联盟向其192个成员国分享《中国邮政新型冠状病毒防控指导手册》。以视频会议形式举办“中日韩运输与物流部长会议特别会议”“中国-东盟交通部长应对新冠疫情特别会议”“第19次中国-东盟交通部长会议”，发布部长联合声明。建立抗疫援助物资国内绿色运输通道，成立国际物流工作专班，实施包机串飞、商业航班、海陆联运、中欧班列等多式联运方式，全力支持做好抗疫援助物资运输保障工作。截至目前，已向150个国家和7个国际组织提供了294批次抗疫物资援助和支持，向33个国家派出援外医疗专家组35队262人。

　　Engaging in international cooperation in fighting Covid-19. The coronavirus is a common foe of all of humanity. China strengthens transport cooperation in Covid-19 prevention and control with other countries and promotes a global community of health for all. At China’s initiative, the IMO recommended and forwarded a number of protocols from China to its 174 member states and relevant international organizations, including Guidelines for Covid-19 Prevention and Control for Seafarers on Board Vessels and Guidelines for Covid-19 Prevention and Control for Ports and Their Frontline Staff. The Civil Aviation Administration of China shared with its counterparts in more than 40 countries Preventing Spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Guideline for Airlines and Preventing Spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Guideline for Airports. Via the UPU, China Post shared the Handbook for New Coronavirus Prevention and Control with 192 member states of the union.

　　China attended the Special Session of the Eighth China-Japan-Korea Ministerial Conference on Transport and Logistics, the China-ASEAN Transport Ministers’ Special Meeting on Covid-19, and the 19th China-ASEAN Transport Ministers’ Meeting via video links, and joint statements were issued after the events.

　　China has established domestic fast channels for the transport of materials to assist in the battle against Covid-19, and set up special task forces for international logistics. Through multimodal methods such as multi-stop chartered flights, commercial flights, sea-land multimodal freight and China Railway Express to Europe, it provides full support for transporting aid materials. So far, 294 batches of supplies have been provided to 150 countries and 7 international organizations, and 35 teams totaling 262 medical experts have been dispatched to aid 33 countries.

　　六、中国交通的未来展望

　　VI. Future Prospects for China’s Transport

　　中共十九大提出到2035年基本实现社会主义现代化、到本世纪中叶建成社会主义现代化强国的宏伟目标，中共十九届五中全会提出“加快建设交通强国”，中国的交通运输迎来更加宝贵的“黄金时期”。

　　The 19th CPC National Congress laid out the goals for realizing basic socialist modernization by 2035 and developing China into a great modern socialist country by the middle of the century. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee proposed that we should accelerate the effort to build China into a country with a strong transport industry, which would bring in a period of good opportunities for the sector’s development.

　　交通高质量发展更加紧迫。中国决胜全面建成小康社会取得决定性成就。进入新发展阶段，贯彻新发展理念、构建新发展格局对交通发展提出了更高要求，也提供了更大空间。人民对美好生活的向往呈现多样化、多层次、多方面特点，对交通运输服务需求更加旺盛、更加多元。新一轮科技革命和产业变革加速推进，给交通运输带来革命性变化。同时，国际环境日趋复杂，不稳定性不确定性明显增加，新冠肺炎疫情在全球传播推动世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，单边主义、保护主义、霸权主义使国际产业链供应链运转严重受阻，气候变化给生态系统安全及经济社会发展带来现实和潜在威胁。

　　A high-quality transport industry is a matter of urgency. Decisive progress has been made in China’s endeavors to secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. The country has entered a new stage of development and worked to put into practice the new development philosophy, with a higher requirement and providing more room for transport to contribute to the new development dynamic. The Chinese people’s expectations of a better life have been growing in a multi-tiered and multi-faceted way, producing stronger and more diverse demands for transport services.

　　A new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is gaining momentum and bringing tremendous changes to transport. Meanwhile, China is faced with a more complex international environment and increasing instability and uncertainty. The worldwide spread of Covid-19 has led to a level of profound worldwide change unseen in a century. Unilateralism, protectionism and hegemonism have seriously impeded international industry and supply chains. Climate change has posed real and potential threats to eco-environmental security and economic and social development.

　　面对国际国内形势的发展变化，加快构建国家综合立体交通网，建设人民满意、保障有力、世界前列交通强国，既面临机遇，也面临挑战。适应新的生产生活方式变化，建设人民满意交通，全面提升综合交通运输网络效率和服务品质的要求更高;服务国土空间开发保护和城乡区域协调发展，全方位提升交通保障能力，保持交通基础设施适度超前发展、充分发挥交通先行作用的要求更高;服务经济高质量发展，转变交通发展方式，提高安全智慧绿色发展水平，提升安全防控、应急处置和救援保障能力，推进治理现代化的要求更高;支撑全方位对外开放，强化交通基础设施互联互通，完善面向全球的运输服务网络的要求更高。

　　Facing these changes in the international and domestic situation, China is moving faster in developing a national comprehensive and multidimensional traffic network, and reinforcing its strength in transport to satisfy the needs of its people, ensure adequate support for transport, and become a world leader in this field. They involve both opportunities and challenges.

　　China will adapt to changes in work and daily life, develop transport services that fully respond to public needs, and improve the efficiency and service quality of a comprehensive transport network. To serve the exploitation and protection of its land resources, and to ensure coordinated development between rural and urban areas and between regions, China will improve its all-round transport support capabilities, maintain a future-oriented approach to the development of its transport infrastructure, and optimize the leading role of transport in bolstering economic and social development. To serve high-quality economic development, China will transform the growth model of its transport industry, pursue safe, intelligent and green transport, improve its capacity in safety management and emergency response and rescue, and modernize its transport governance. To support opening up on all fronts, China will strengthen the connectivity of transport infrastructure and improve the globally-oriented network of transport services.

　　加快建设交通强国。进入新的发展阶段，中国交通坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，以高质量发展为主题，以供给侧结构性改革为主线，牢牢把握“先行官”定位，适度超前，推动交通发展由追求速度规模向更加注重质量效益转变，由各种交通方式相对独立发展向更加注重一体化融合发展转变，由依靠传统要素驱动向更加注重创新驱动转变，构建安全、便捷、高效、绿色、经济的现代化综合交通体系，打造一流设施、一流技术、一流管理、一流服务，努力建设人民满意、保障有力、世界前列的交通强国。

　　China moves faster to become a world leader in transport. In its endeavors to build a high-quality transport system fit for a new stage of development, China is committed to people-centered development, and pursues supply-side structural reform as its main task. Giving priority to transport in future plans, China will shift its focus from speed and scale to quality and efficiency, from independent initiatives to integrated multimodal development, and from traditional drivers to innovative forces. Our country will build a modern comprehensive transport system that is safe, convenient, efficient, green and economical, equipped with world-class facilities, technology, management and services.

　　到2035年，基本建成交通强国。现代化综合交通体系基本形成，人民满意度明显提高，支撑国家现代化建设能力显著增强。拥有发达的快速网、完善的干线网、广泛的基础网，城乡区域交通协调发展达到新高度。基本形成都市区1小时通勤、城市群2小时通达、全国主要城市3小时覆盖的“全国123出行交通圈”和国内1天送达、周边国家2天送达、全球主要城市3天送达的“全球123快货物流圈”，旅客联程运输便捷顺畅，货物多式联运高效经济。智能、平安、绿色、共享交通发展水平明显提高，城市交通拥堵基本缓解，无障碍出行服务体系基本完善。交通科技创新体系基本建成，交通关键装备先进安全，人才队伍精良，市场环境优良。基本实现交通治理现代化。交通国际竞争力和影响力显著提升。交通运输全面适应人民日益增长的美好生活需要，为基本实现社会主义现代化提供有力支撑。

　　By 2035, China will have built up significant strength in transport. A modern comprehensive transport system will be in place to substantially improve public satisfaction levels and better support national modernization. Equipped with an advanced express network, sound trunk network, and extensive basic network, the system will raise the coordinated transport development in urban and rural areas to new heights.

　　The National 1-2-3 Travel Circle (one hour to commute in cities, two hours to travel within city clusters, and three hours to travel between major domestic cities) and the Global 1-2-3 Logistics Circle (one day to deliver within China, two days to deliver to neighboring countries, and three days to deliver to major global cities) will take initial shape, providing convenient combined transport of passengers, and economical and efficient multimodal transport of goods. China will make marked progress in developing intelligent, safe, green and shared transport, easing urban traffic congestion, and creating a barrier-free travel system.

　　The country will establish a sci-tech innovation system for transport, develop advanced and safe key equipment, train high-caliber professionals, and create a sound market environment. China will achieve the basic modernization of its transport governance. Its international competitiveness and influence in transport will be improved markedly. China will make all-round progress in transport to meet the people’s growing expectation for a better life and provide powerful support for achieving basic socialist modernization.

　　结束语

　　Conclusion

　　中国即将开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家的新征程。进入新的发展阶段，中国交通将更好履行经济社会发展“先行官”使命，践行新发展理念，服务新发展格局，让交通更加安全、便捷、高效、绿色、经济，为2035年基本实现社会主义现代化、本世纪中叶全面建成社会主义现代化强国提供坚实基础。

　　China is engaged in an all-out effort to build a great modern socialist country. Transport will play a stronger part in leading economic and social development. China will implement the new development strategy and develop safe, convenient, efficient, green and economical transport to lay a solid foundation for achieving basic socialist modernization by 2035 and becoming a great modern socialist country in all respects by the middle of the century.

　　当前，新冠肺炎疫情仍在全球蔓延，各国面临疫情冲击和经济衰退双重挑战，交通运输对于全球团结抗疫、推动经济增长十分重要。中国将秉持人类命运共同体理念，落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程，加强交通国际交流合作，与世界各国一道，更好推进全球互联互通、民心相通，为建设繁荣美好世界作出更大贡献。

　　At present, the world is facing challenges from the Covid-19 pandemic and economic recession. Transport can play an important role in binding countries together and promoting economic growth during this difficult time. Upholding the vision of a global community of shared future, China will continue to implement the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and strengthen international exchanges and cooperation on transport. China will work with all other countries to promote global connectivity and stronger people-to-people ties, and make a greater contribution to building a better world.

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